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Exam 2 > Ear Physiology > Flashcards

Ear Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the bony labyrinth?

A

A system of torturous channels worming though the bone

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2
Q

What fluids are filled in the labyrinth?

A

Perilymph and endolymph

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3
Q

What is endolymph fluid?

A

Potassium rich intracellular fluid

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4
Q

What is perilymph fluid?

A

Similar to CSF and continuous with it

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5
Q

What does the saccule and utricle vestibules do?

A

House equilibrium receptor regions (maculae)

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6
Q

What are the 3 semicircular canals?

A

Anterior, posterior and lateral

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7
Q

What does maculae do?

A

Responds to the pull of gravity and report on changes of head position

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8
Q

What do the semicircular canals do?

A

Holds the semicircular ducts

Help you keep your balance

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9
Q

The semicircular canals have….

A

ampulla

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10
Q

What does the ampulla do?

A

Houses an equilibrium: rotational movements of the head

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10
Q

What are 4 layers part of the cochlea?

A

Scala vestibuli, scala media, scali tympani and basilar membrane

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11
Q

The scala vestilbuli is part of what and contains what?

A

Part of the bony labyrinth, contains perilymph

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12
Q

The scala media is part of what and contains what?

A

Part of the membranous labyrinth and contains endolymph

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13
Q

The scala tympani is part of what and contains what?

A

Part of the bony labyrinth and contains perilymph

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14
Q

What does the basilar membrane do?

A

Sound reception, near the oval window, gradually widens and thins as it approaches the cochlear apex

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15
Q

What is frequency?

A

It is perceived as pitch (peak to peak graph)

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16
Q

What is pitch?

A

Hertz (different sound frequencies)

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17
Q

How many Hz can we hear?

A

20 to 20,000

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18
Q

What Hz do we hear best?

A

1,500 to 4,000

19
Q

What is amplitute?

A

The height of the wave of the wavelength graph (its intensity)

20
Q

10 dB (decibels) has ___ more times energy then ___ dB

A

10, 0

21
Q

20 dB is _____ as loud as ____

A

twice, zero

22
Q

20 dB has ___ times more energy than 0 dB (10 x10)

A

100

23
Q

What is the 1st place people can hear?

A

0 dB

24
Q

How many dB: Quiet library/soft whisper

A

30 dB

25
Q

How many dB: Busy traffic, noisy restaurant

A

70 dB

26
Q

How many dB: Gunshot, jet plane

A

140 dB

27
Q

What is the auditory pathway?

A
  1. Afferent cochlear nerve
  2. Spiral ganglion
  3. Medulla (potential of crossing over)
  4. Midbrain (thalamus - startle reflex) and inferior colliculi (head turn when hearing a noise)
  5. Auditory cortex
28
Q

What is a maculae?

A

Sensory receptor organs that monitor the position of the head in space (has the little cilia hairs)

28
Q

What is the kinocilium?

A

The tallest cilia of the maculae

29
Q

Tilting the head forward, hairs bend ________ kinocilium

A

toward

30
Q

Tilting the head forward, nerve fibers are excited or inhibited?

A

Excited

30
Q

Tilting the head forward, the hair cells depolarize or hyperpolarize?

A

Depolarize

31
Q

Tilting the head backwards, hairs bend ________ kinocilium

A

away

32
Q

What are the 2 different types of equilibrium?

A

Maculae and ampulla (static and dynamic)

33
Q

Maculae (static) is:

A

Non-rotational

34
Q

Ampulla (dynamic) is:

A

Rotational

35
Q

What are examples of non-rotational?

A

Horizontal and vertical

36
Q

The posterior semicircular canal tilts the head:

A

Left and right

37
Q

The superior semicircular canal tilts the head:

A

Nodding

38
Q

The horizontal semicircular canal tilts the head:

A

Shakes head no

39
Q

The vestibule is on the opposite side of the _____ __________

A

oval window

40
Q

What are the 2 types of macula?

A

Utricle and Saccule

41
Q

The saccule picks up on _______ movement

A

vertical

42
Q

The utricle picks up on ________ movement

A

horizontal (acceleration and deceleration)

Exam 2 (11 decks)

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