Hemolymphatic Flashcards
this concerns the development of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils), monocytes and lymphocytes;
some or all of which occurs in the bone marrow
hematopoiesis
name 3 possible pathologies of the bone marrow
- hyperplasia
- involution
- neoplasia
this is a non-specific term describing disordered proliferation of one or more of the hematopoietic cell lines in the marrow
myeloproliferative disease
name the 3 types of anemia that can occur
- hemolytic
- hemorrhagic
- non-regenerative
name the type of anemia
results from an increased rate of destruction
hemolytic anemia
name the type of anemia
results from loss of RBCs
hemorrhagic anemia
name the type of anemia
results from a decreased rate of production
non-regenerative anemia
name 5 major pathological features of anemia
- pallor
- cardiac changes
- liver changes
- spleen
- muscle
name the 2 types of splenomegaly
- uniform enlagement
- Nodular enlargement
name the 2 different consistencies of the spleen with uniform enlargement
- wet/bloody
- firm
name the two different consistencies of the spleen with nodular enlargement
- wet/bloody
- firm
name 4 causes of uniform spleen enlargement with wet/bloody consistency
- barbiturate euthanasia
- congestion
- torsion
- anthrax
name 3 causes of uniform spleen enlargment with firm consistency
- chronic stimulation (anemia, infectious disease)
- diffuse neoplasia
- extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH)
name 2 causes of nodular spleen enlargement with wet/bloody consistency
- hematomas
- neosplasia (hemangioma/sarcoma)
name 3 causes of nodular enlargement of the spleen with firm consistency
- nodular hyperplasia
- non-vascular neoplasia/mets
- inflammation/abscess
name the cause of spleen enlargement
very common in old dogs;
produces demarcated, encapsulated swellings (<2cm);
may be discrete or multifocal/coalescing
nodular hyperplasia
name the cause of spleen enlargement
common of older dogs (esp large breeds, GSD);
frequently large with areas of
haemorrhage and necrosis and may rupture spontaneously or due to palpation causing
life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage;
Metastases to lungs frequent
primary hemangioma/sarcoma
these are common lesions of the spleen in older dogs;
yellow, dry encrustations on capsule (probably sites of prev. local hemorrhage with subsequent deposits of Fe, Ca and fibrosis)
siderofibrotic plaques (Gamna-Gandy bodies)
this is defined as a regional or generalized lymph node enlargement of unknown/unspecified cause
lymphadenopathy
name 3 potential causes of lymphadenopathy
- lymph node hyperplasia
- lymhpadenitis
- lymph node neoplasia
name 4 possible pathologies of the thymus
- congenital cysts
- thymitis
- degeneration
- neoplasia
what is the most common neoplasia of the thymus in cats, dogs, and young cattle
thymic lymphosarcoma
