Hemolymphatic

Question 1

this concerns the development of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils), monocytes and lymphocytes;
some or all of which occurs in the bone marrow

Answer 1

hematopoiesis

Question 2

name 3 possible pathologies of the bone marrow

Answer 2

1. hyperplasia
2. involution
3. neoplasia

Question 3

this is a non-specific term describing disordered proliferation of one or more of the hematopoietic cell lines in the marrow

Answer 3

myeloproliferative disease

Question 4

name the 3 types of anemia that can occur

Answer 4

1. hemolytic
2. hemorrhagic
3. non-regenerative

Question 5

name the type of anemia

results from an increased rate of destruction

Answer 5

hemolytic anemia

Question 6

name the type of anemia

results from loss of RBCs

Answer 6

hemorrhagic anemia

Question 7

name the type of anemia

results from a decreased rate of production

Answer 7

non-regenerative anemia

Question 8

name 5 major pathological features of anemia

Answer 8

1. pallor
2. cardiac changes
3. liver changes
4. spleen
5. muscle

Question 9

name the 2 types of splenomegaly

Answer 9

1. uniform enlagement
2. Nodular enlargement

Question 10

name the 2 different consistencies of the spleen with uniform enlargement

Answer 10

1. wet/bloody
2. firm

Question 11

name the two different consistencies of the spleen with nodular enlargement

Answer 11

1. wet/bloody
2. firm

Question 12

name 4 causes of uniform spleen enlargement with wet/bloody consistency

Answer 12

1. barbiturate euthanasia
2. congestion
3. torsion
4. anthrax

Question 13

name 3 causes of uniform spleen enlargment with firm consistency

Answer 13

1. chronic stimulation (anemia, infectious disease)
2. diffuse neoplasia
3. extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH)

Question 14

name 2 causes of nodular spleen enlargement with wet/bloody consistency

Answer 14

1. hematomas
2. neosplasia (hemangioma/sarcoma)

Question 15

name 3 causes of nodular enlargement of the spleen with firm consistency

Answer 15

1. nodular hyperplasia
2. non-vascular neoplasia/mets
3. inflammation/abscess

Question 16

name the cause of spleen enlargement

very common in old dogs;
produces demarcated, encapsulated swellings (<2cm);
may be discrete or multifocal/coalescing

Answer 16

nodular hyperplasia

Question 17

name the cause of spleen enlargement

common of older dogs (esp large breeds, GSD);
frequently large with areas of
haemorrhage and necrosis and may rupture spontaneously or due to palpation causing
life-threatening intra-abdominal haemorrhage;
Metastases to lungs frequent

Answer 17

primary hemangioma/sarcoma

Question 18

these are common lesions of the spleen in older dogs;
yellow, dry encrustations on capsule (probably sites of prev. local hemorrhage with subsequent deposits of Fe, Ca and fibrosis)

Answer 18

siderofibrotic plaques (Gamna-Gandy bodies)

Question 19

this is defined as a regional or generalized lymph node enlargement of unknown/unspecified cause

Answer 19

lymphadenopathy

Question 20

name 3 potential causes of lymphadenopathy

Answer 20

1. lymph node hyperplasia
2. lymhpadenitis
3. lymph node neoplasia

Question 21

name 4 possible pathologies of the thymus

Answer 21

1. congenital cysts
2. thymitis
3. degeneration
4. neoplasia

Question 22

what is the most common neoplasia of the thymus in cats, dogs, and young cattle

Answer 22

thymic lymphosarcoma