Hemodialysis

Question 1

Vascular Access Sites

Answer 1

Obtaining vascular access is one of most difficult problems
Types of access
Arteriovenous fistulas and grafts
Temporary vascular access

Question 2

Before beginning treatment

Answer 2

Assess fluid status, condition of vascular access, and temperature
Difference between last postdialysis weight and present predialysis weight determines ultrafiltration

Question 3

During treatment

Answer 3

Take vital signs every 30 to 60 minutes

Question 4

Hemodialysis Settings and Schedules

Answer 4

Majority treated in a community-based center
Dialyzed for 3 to 4 hours
3 days per week
Other schedule options
Short daily HD
Long nocturnal HD
Home HD

Question 5

Hemodialysis Complications

Answer 5

Hypotension
Muscle cramps
Loss of blood
Hepatitis- Always check Hep Panel prior to start of HD.

Question 6

Nursing Management Nursing Implementation

Answer 6

Acute intervention
Daily weight
Daily BPs
Identify signs and symptoms of fluid overload
Identify signs and symptoms of hyperkalemia
Strict dietary adherence
Treatment adherence – Pt teaching – Keep HD schedule