Hematology/Oncology

Question 1

Most Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Answer 1

Pruritis

Question 2

Common Tumor Markers

Answer 2

CA-125 ovarian, AFP hepatocellular, CEA Colon

Question 3

Most common cancers to show Hypercalcemia? and what does this mean?

Answer 3

Cancers in which hypercalcemia is most associated include breast, renal, and lung cancer and multiple myeloma. Hypercalcemia is an ominous finding in this setting, as up to 50% of patients will die within 30 days of a hypercalcemia diagnosis, even if the hypercalcemia is corrected.

Question 4

Workup for bleeding disorders? specifically in menorrhagia?

Answer 4

-An initial evaluation for a bleeding disorder is indicated when a patient reports heavy menstrual bleeding since menarche, postpartum hemorrhage, surgery-related bleeding, bleeding associated with dental work, or two or more of the following: bruising 1–2 times per month, epistaxis 1–2 times per month, frequent gum bleeding, or a family history of bleeding symptoms. Heavy menses may be seen with platelet disorders and factor deficiencies (factors VIII and IX, and less commonly VII and XI).
-The initial evaluation should include a prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time when a bleeding disorder is suspected. Results may be normal in women with von Willebrand disease, and other testing may be appropriate, including plasma von Willebrand antigen, a von Willebrand factor–ristocetin cofactor assay, and factor VIII.