Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Review > Hematology > Flashcards

Hematology Flashcards

1
Q

normal platelets

A

150,000-450,000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Hgb males

A

14-18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hgb females

A

12-16

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is hematocrit

A

proportion of RBCs in 1 mL of plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hct males

A

42-52%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Hct females

A

37-47%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

MCV

A

80-100

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

MCHC

A

31-37

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

MCH

A

25-35

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

TIBC

A

250-410

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Serum ferritin

A

20-400

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is serum ferritin

A

storage form of iron

-most sensitive test for IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Serum iron

A

50-175

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

RDW

A

<15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reticulocytes

A

0.5-2.5%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Poikilocytosis

A

seen with severe IDA

abnormal and variable shapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

anisocytosis

A

variable sizes of RBC

seen with IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

normal folate

A

3.1-7.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

normal B12

A

> 250

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

normal WBC

A

5-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gold standard to diagnose hemoglobinopathies

A

hemoglobin electrophoresis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Secondary polycythemia can result from

A
  • chronic smokers
  • long-term COPD
  • long-term residency in high altitudes
  • EPO treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Most common anemia

A

IDA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

IDA symptoms

A
  • fatigue
  • exertional dyspnea
  • glossitis
  • angular chelitis
  • pica
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Severe IDA symptoms

A
  • koilonychia
  • systolic murmur
  • tachycardia
  • heart failure
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

IDA labs

A
  • low ferritin
  • low serum iron
  • high TIBC
  • high RDW
  • MCV <80
  • MCH <25
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Medication for IDA

A
  • ferrous sulfate 325 mg PO TID between meals
  • take with vitamin C
  • treat for 3-6 months to increase ferritin stores
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Ferrous sulfate interactions

A

-avoid antacids, dairy, quinolones, tetracyclines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How much elemental iron needed for replacement

A

150-200 mg/day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

When to recheck hemoglobin with iron replacement therapy

A

1 month

31
Q

What is thalassemia

A
  • genetic disorder

- BM produces abnormal hgb

32
Q

Ethnic groups at risk for thalassemia

A
  • Mediterranean
  • North African
  • Middle Eastern
  • Southeast Asian
33
Q

Gold standard for thalassemia diagnosis

A

Hgb electrophoresis

34
Q

Thalassemia labs

A
  • normal iron panel
  • microcytic, hypochromic
  • aniscocytosis, poikilocytosis
35
Q

Thalassemia treatment

A
  • genetic counseling

- minor trait does not need treatment

36
Q

If patient took an antacid, how long to wait before taking iron

A

4 hours

37
Q

Gold standard for aplastic anemia

A

BM biopsy

38
Q

What is aplastic anemia

A

-BM production slows or stops all the cells

pancytopenic

39
Q

Anemia of chronic disease labs

A
  • normocytic
  • normochromic
  • underlying chronic disease
40
Q

What is vitamin B12 essential for

A
  • neuron and brain health
  • normal DNA production of RBC
  • neurologic damage may be irreversible
41
Q

Pernicious anemia

A

autoimmune disorder
destruction of parietal cells in fundus
results in B12 deficiency anemia

42
Q

Vitamin B12 deficiency presentation

A
  • older female
  • gradual onset of paresthesias on feet or hands
  • pallor
  • pale conjunctiva
  • glossitis
  • difficulty walking
43
Q

Vitamin B12 aka

A

cobalamin

44
Q

Urine test for vitamin B12

A

24-hour urine for methylmalonic acid (MMA) elevated

45
Q

Vitamin B12 deficiency labs

A
  • macrocytic, hyperchromic
  • decreased B12 levels
  • homocysteine level: elevated
  • antibody tests: antiparietal and anti-intrinsic factor antibody (test for pernicious anemia)
46
Q

Vitamin B12 deficiency treatment

A

-lifetime supplement of B12
every day for 1 week IM
then weekly for 1 month
then monthly for life

47
Q

Vitamin B12 deficiency peripheral smear results

A
  • macroovalocytes

- hypersegemented neutrophils (>5)

48
Q

Folate aka

A

Vitamin B9

49
Q

When should neuro improvements be seen with vitamin B12 def

A

5-10 days

50
Q

How long should folic acid deficiency be treated

A

1-4 months until hematologic recovery

51
Q

Sickle cell anemia is autosomal ___

A

recessive

52
Q

Diagnostic test for sickle cell anemia

A

Hgb electrophoresis

53
Q

S/sx of sickle cell anemia

A
  • ischemic necrosis
  • renal or liver dysfunction
  • priapism
  • hemolytic episodes
  • hyposplenism
  • frequent infections
54
Q

Sickle cell anemia treatment

A
  • refer to heme

- genetic counseling

55
Q

Thrombocytopenia treatment

A
  • refer to heme
  • prednisone for 4-6 weeks
  • minimal bruising activities
  • avoid ASA
56
Q

Leukocytes are also called

A

segs or polys

57
Q

When polys and lymphs are widely different consider

A

bacterial

58
Q

If polys and lymphs are close in number, consider

A

viral

59
Q

Which vitamin needs to be supplemented with a vegan diet

A

Vitamin B12

obtained through animal products

60
Q

What is transferrin

A

measurement of the protein that binds iron to blood

61
Q

What labs would be effected by taking iron supplement

A

serum iron
TIBC
transferrin

62
Q

What is ferritin

A

iron storage protein

63
Q

Gold standard for diagnosing IDA

A

absence of storage iron on BM stains

-ferritin levels drop

64
Q

sickle cell crisis

A
  • sudden severe pain
  • tachypneic
  • ulcers
  • infection
65
Q

Most common allergy in adults

A

crustaceans

66
Q

Which form of iron is soluble

A

ferrous sulfate

67
Q

Where does iron absorption occur

A

duodenum and proximal jejunum

68
Q

Hemophilia is what kind of genetic disorder

A

X-linked recessive

69
Q

Which age range is at greatest risk for IDA

A

toddler: 12-36 months

70
Q

Which bleeding disorder is most common

A

von Willebrand disease

71
Q

alpha thalassemia is more common in

A

-Asians like Chinese and Filipinos

72
Q

beta thalassemia is more common in

A
  • Mediterrnean

- Greece and Italy

73
Q

Multiple Myeloma is a cancer of what cells

A

plasma cells

Review (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions