Hematologic Pathologies

Question 1

what is avg adult blood volume

Answer 1

5 liters

Question 2

blood is composed of what % of formed elements and plasma

Answer 2

45 and 55 %

Question 3

what does plasma contain

Answer 3

electrolytes
proteins
hormones
organic molecules
dissolved gases

Question 4

what is albumin

Answer 4

creates osmotic pressure to help draw water from tissues into capillaries to maintain blood volume and pressure

Question 5

alpha and beta globulins

Answer 5

transport lipids and fat-soluble vitamins

Question 6

gamma globulins

Answer 6

antibodies that function in immunity

Question 7

fibrinogen

Answer 7

helps in clotting after becoming fibrin

Question 8

serum

Answer 8

blood without fibrinogen

Question 9

edema

Answer 9

accumulation of excessive fluid within interstitial tissues or body cavities

Question 10

causes of edema

Answer 10

hypoalbuminemia
allergic reaction/inflammation
heart failure, liver disease
vascular obstructions, venous insufficiency

Question 11

types of edema

Answer 11

cerebral edema
inflammatory edema
peripheral dependent edema
pulmonary edema

Question 12

peripheral dependent edema

Answer 12

gravity dependent edema

Question 13

pulmonary edema

Answer 13

fluid moves out of interstitial space and into alveoli

Question 14

cerebral edema

Answer 14

brain becomes soft and smooth and overfills the cranial vault, gyri become flat, sulci become narrow, ventricular cavities become compressed

Question 15

symptoms of cerebral edema

Answer 15

nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, faintness, seizures and coma

Question 16

congestion

Answer 16

abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fluid

occurs in blood vessels of an organ or tissue

Question 17

can congestion be localized?

Answer 17

yes, with a venous thrombosis or in the lungs

Question 18

generalized congestion

Answer 18

with heart failure, which results in congestion in the lungs, LE and abdominal viscera