Hematologic emergencies: secondary hemostasis abnormalities

Question 1

secondary hemostasis abnormalities deal with these

Answer 1

coagulation factor deficiencies

Question 2

3 secondary hemostasis abnormalities

Answer 2

• anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity
• liver disease
• Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 3

coagulation factor deficiencies can be 2 things

Answer 3

hereditary or acquired

Question 4

with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity, its toxins antagonize ____ activity (prevents its reactivation, which activates clotting factors)

Answer 4

vitamin K

Question 5

anticoagulant rodenticide toxins prevent activation of coagulation factors __, __, __, __ (#s)

Answer 5

• 2
• 7
• 9
• 10

Question 6

what do you treat anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity with?

Answer 6

vitamin K supplementation +/- coagulation factor admin

Question 7

are Warfarin and Inandione 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides?

Answer 7

1st generation

Question 8

are Brodifacoum and Bromdiolone 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides?

Answer 8

2nd generation

Question 9

do 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides last longer in the body (have longer half lives)?

Answer 9

2nd generation - they last at least a couple weeks instead of maybe a week

Question 10

during liver disease, the liver is unable to do what?

Answer 10

synthesize coagulation factors

Question 11

liver disease is usually ___ before it starts causing anemia?

Answer 11

severe

Question 12

this is a condition in which coagulation is increased

Answer 12

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 13

with DIC, clots form where in the the body?

Answer 13

throughout the circulatory system

Question 14

this leads to hemorrhage due to consumption of coagulation factors and platelets

Answer 14

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 15

this is typically caused by inflammatory mediators that cause tissue factor expression during SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome)

Answer 15

disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 16

this is the end result of several disease processes that an animal has been experiencing and not been fixed - not good prognosis

Answer 16

systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)

Question 17

this causes damage to the blood vessels throughout the body

Answer 17

systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)

Question 18

DIC can be caused by 4 things

Answer 18

• sepsis
• neoplasia
• massive tissue trauma
• ischemia (inadequate blood supply to an organ)

Question 19

DIC can cause prolonged ___ (3)

Answer 19

prolonged

• prothrombin
• aPTT
• ACT (activated clotting time)

Question 20

DIC can cause low ___

Answer 20

fibrinogen (it was all used up BECAUSE OF inflammation)

Question 21

DIC can cause increased

Answer 21

FDPs