Hematologic emergencies: secondary hemostasis abnormalities Flashcards
secondary hemostasis abnormalities deal with these
coagulation factor deficiencies
3 secondary hemostasis abnormalities
- anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity
- liver disease
- Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
coagulation factor deficiencies can be 2 things
hereditary or acquired
with anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity, its toxins antagonize ____ activity (prevents its reactivation, which activates clotting factors)
vitamin K
anticoagulant rodenticide toxins prevent activation of coagulation factors __, __, __, __ (#s)
- 2
- 7
- 9
- 10
what do you treat anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity with?
vitamin K supplementation +/- coagulation factor admin
are Warfarin and Inandione 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides?
1st generation
are Brodifacoum and Bromdiolone 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides?
2nd generation
do 1st or 2nd generation rodenticides last longer in the body (have longer half lives)?
2nd generation - they last at least a couple weeks instead of maybe a week
during liver disease, the liver is unable to do what?
synthesize coagulation factors
liver disease is usually ___ before it starts causing anemia?
severe
this is a condition in which coagulation is increased
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
with DIC, clots form where in the the body?
throughout the circulatory system
this leads to hemorrhage due to consumption of coagulation factors and platelets
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
this is typically caused by inflammatory mediators that cause tissue factor expression during SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome)
disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
this is the end result of several disease processes that an animal has been experiencing and not been fixed - not good prognosis
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
this causes damage to the blood vessels throughout the body
systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)
DIC can be caused by 4 things
- sepsis
- neoplasia
- massive tissue trauma
- ischemia (inadequate blood supply to an organ)
DIC can cause prolonged ___ (3)
prolonged
- prothrombin
- aPTT
- ACT (activated clotting time)
DIC can cause low ___
fibrinogen (it was all used up BECAUSE OF inflammation)
DIC can cause increased
FDPs
