Hematologic emergencies: anemia Flashcards
1
Q
this is a condition characterized by an abnormally low number of circulating RBC’s
A
anemia
2
Q
anemia may result from 3 basic things
A
- increased RBC loss (hemorrhage)
- increased RBC destruction (hemolysis)
- decreased RBC production in bone marrow
3
Q
what can cause increased RBC destruction (3)?
A
- immune-mediated hemolytic anemia
- erythrocyte metabolism defect
- toxins in high quantities
4
Q
what two toxins in high quantities can cause RBC destruction?
A
- onions
- zinc
5
Q
immune-mediated hemolytic anemia often happens with 4 things
A
- autoimmune thrombocytopenia
- cancer
- vaccines
- drugs
6
Q
decreased RBC production in the bone marrow can be caused by 4 things
A
- FeLV, FIV
- infection
- chronic renal failure (erythropoietin)
- iron deficiency
- vitamin B12 deficiency
7
Q
clinical signs of anemia (6)
- caused from a lack of O2 carrying capacity - O2 doesn’t get to the tissues as much
A
- lethargy
- weakness
- pale MM
- TACHYcardia
- TACHYpnea
- bounding pulses (icterus)
8
Q
icterus is caused by
A
hemolysis - hemoglobin breakdown turning things yellow
9
Q
3 diagnostic tests for anemia
A
- PCV
- RBC count
- reticulocyte count
10
Q
normal dog PCV
A
37 - 54%
11
Q
normal cat PCV
A
30 - 47%
12
Q
normal dog RBC count
A
5.5 - 8.5
13
Q
normal cat RBC count
A
6 - 10
14
Q
6 tests to diagnose causes of anemia
A
- platelet count
- coagulation tests
- Saline agglutination test
- Coomb’s test
- blood chemistry panel
- tick-transmitted disease blood panel
15
Q
this test can be used to find out if animal has AIHA/IMHA
A
Saline agglutination test
