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Fisiopatología > Hematologic disorders > Flashcards

Hematologic disorders Flashcards

1
Q

An abnormally low hemoglobin concentration in the blood

A

anemia

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2
Q

Types of anemia

A

Macrocytic
Normocytic
Microcytic

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3
Q

Types of macrocytic anemia

A

Megaloblastic

Non megaloblastic

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4
Q

Mention the causes of megaloblastic macrocytic anemia

A

Folic acid deficiency
Vitamin B12 deficiency
Drugs

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5
Q

Mention the causes of non megaloblastic macrocytic anemia

A

Alcohol

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6
Q

In macrocytic anemia the MCV is

A

increased

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7
Q

In microcytic anemia the MCV is

A

decreased

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8
Q

Mention the causes of microcytic anemia

A

Iron deficiency
Thalassemias
Chronic inflammatory disease

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9
Q

In normocytic anemia the MCV is

A

normal

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10
Q

Mention the causes of normocytic anemia with an increase of reticulocyte count

A

Hemolytic anemia

Blood loss

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11
Q

Mention the causes of normocytic anemia with a decrease of reticulocyte count

A

Bone marrow disorders

Aplastic anemia

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12
Q

MCV

A

Mean Corpuscular Volume

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13
Q

Is the estimated volumen of a single cell

A

MCV

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14
Q

Increased marrow activity

A

Neutrophilia

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15
Q

Decreased marrow activity

A

neutropenia

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16
Q

Uncontrolled proliferation of inmmature with blood cells

A

leukemia

17
Q

Mention the 2 types of leukemia

A

acute and chronic

18
Q

Leukemia is commonly caused by genetic mutations such as:

A

Chromosomal deletion
Trisomies
Translocation

19
Q

Symptoms of leukemia are

A

anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, hepatosplenomegalu, lymphadenopathy

20
Q

Type of leukemia where the cells don’t mature

A

acute

21
Q

Type of leukemia where there is a proliferation of immature leukocytes

A

chronic

22
Q

Mention the 2 most common examples of acute leukemia

A

Acute myeloid leukemia

Acute lymphoid leukemia

23
Q

Acute myeloid leukemia is most common in

A

older adults

24
Q

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is most common in

A

children

25
Q

Treatment of leukemia

A

allogenic stem cell transplantation, autologous stem cell transplantation, peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, bone marrow transplant

26
Q

Lower platelets counts

A

Hypersplenism

27
Q

Causes of platelets disorders

A

Hypersplenism
Platelet cosumtion
Immune-mediated consumtion

28
Q

Is a hematology disease in wich is a decrease in any of the clot factor due to genetic mutations

A

hemophilia

29
Q

There are 2 types of hemophilia

A

Hemophilia A

Hemophilia B

30
Q

Is the most common X linked recessive type of hemophilia

A

Hemophilia A

31
Q

The hemophilia B is

A

uncommon

32
Q

The hemophilia A has a deficiency of

A

factor VIII

33
Q

The hemophilia B has a deficiency of

A

factor IX

Fisiopatología (12 decks)

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