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Fisiopatología > Central Nervous System > Flashcards

Central Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Central Nervous System is controlled by

A

neurons

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2
Q

The main function of CNS is

A

recibe information and do it a motor response

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3
Q

Is the second cause of death globally and one of the main causes of disability

A

ischemic stroke

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4
Q

Ischemic stroke is caused by

A

arterial occlusion

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5
Q

There are 2 types of stroke

A

ischemic and hemorrhagic

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6
Q

Type of stroke where an obstruction blocks the blood flow to the brain

A

ischemic stroke

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7
Q

Type of stroke where the vessels are weak and the wall rupture causing bleeding in the brain

A

hemorrhagic stroke

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8
Q

The ____ stroke is much more common (80%) than _____ stroke (20%)

A

ischemic

hemorrhagic

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9
Q

The amount of damage in ischemic stroke is related in

A

which artery is damaged.

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10
Q

Characteristics of Transient Ischemic Attack

A

transient stroke symptoms <24 hrs and without evidence of infarction

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11
Q

Some causes of stroke are:

A 
Thromboembolic origin
Ateroesclerosis
Cardiac diseases 
Small vessel disease
Arterial dissection 
Vasculitis.
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12
Q

The most common cardiac disease is

A

atrial fibrillation

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13
Q

Most frequent location of atherosclerosis

A

Internal Carotid Artery

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14
Q

A risk factor for atheroesclerosis is

A

bad diet with a lot of colesterol ingesta

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15
Q

Pieces of plaque can break free, ravel to the brain and block blood vessels that supply blood to the brain and that is called

A

atherosclerosis

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16
Q

Risk factor for atrial fibrillation

A

hyperthyrodism, hypertension, slepping disorders.

17
Q

How do we diagnostic atrial fibrillation?

18
Q

Formation of the blood clot in the left atria is called

A

atrial fibrillation

19
Q

The most common artery for atrial fibrillation is

A

common carotid

20
Q

Explain the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation

A
  1. Formation of blood clot in the heart
  2. Blood clot travels from the heart to the brain
  3. Blood clot blocks blood flow in the brain
21
Q

Colateral flow which sustains metabolic viability but no electrical activity

A

Ischemic penumbra

22
Q

Regions without adequate collaterals which irreversibly injured

A

Ischemic core

23
Q

Small vessel disease is common in patients with

A

high blood pressure and diabetes

24
Q

Hialine deposits in the wall of the vessels

A

lipohyalinosis

25
Q

In small vessel disease high blood pressure lead to

A

lipohyalinosis

26
Q

Small vessel disease can manifest in

A

lacunar stroke and microatheroma.

27
Q

Also known as tear in intimal layer of an artery

A

arterial dissection

28
Q

Arterial dissection is most common in

A

extracarneal carotid and vertebral arterias

29
Q

Systemic effects of ischemic stroke

A 
Hypertension
Arrhythmia
Pulmonary exudates
Systemic immune response 
Stress response
30
Q

Mention the warning signs of stroke

A 
Loss of Balance (B)
Loss of vision (E)
Smile face (F)
Arm can't be up (A)
Difficulty speaking (S)
Time
31
Q

Function of frontal lobe of the brain

A

Thinking
Memory
Behaviour
Movement

32
Q

Function of temporal lobe of the brain

A

Hearing
Learning
Feelings

33
Q

Function of brain stem

A

Breathing
Hear rate
Temperature

34
Q

Function of parietal lobe of the brain

A

Language

Touch

35
Q

Function of occipital lobe of the brain

36
Q

Function of cerebellum

A

Balance

Coordination

37
Q

Most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage

A

Hypertension and aneurysm

38
Q

_____ in cerebral artery breaks open, causing bleeding around the brain

Fisiopatología (12 decks)

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