Hema, USMLE

Question 1

Basophilia is seen in what leukemia

Answer 1

CML

Question 2

Basophils: Granules contain (3)

Answer 2

1) Heparin
2) Histamine
3) Vasoactive amines

Question 3

Smallest formed element in the blood

Answer 3

Platelet

Question 4

Platelets: Important contents of dense granules (2)

Answer 4

1) ADP

2) Calcium

Question 5

Platelets: Important contents of alpha granules

Answer 5

1) vWF

2) Fibrinogen

Question 6

Contains approximately 1/3 of platelet pool

Answer 6

Spleen

Question 7

Effect of asplenia on platelet count

Answer 7

Thrombocytosis

Question 8

Drug that completely inactivates platelets

Answer 8

Aspirin

Question 9

Length of time to fully replenish functional platelets

Answer 9

7-10 days (lifespan)

Question 10

Property of RBC that gives it a large surface area to volume ratio

Answer 10

Biconcave shape

Question 11

Important transporter on RBC membrane

Answer 11

Chloride-bicarbonate antiporter

Question 12

Importance of chloride-bicarbonate antiporter

Answer 12

Physiologic chloride shift that allows RBC to transport CO2 from periphery to lungs for elimination

Question 13

Variation in RBC size

Answer 13

Anisocytosis

Question 14

Variation in RBC shape

Answer 14

Poikilocytosis

Question 15

RBC: Only source of energy

Answer 15

Glucose

Question 16

Mast cell: Contents of secretory granules (3)

Answer 16

1) Histamine
2) Heparin
3) Eosinophil chemotactic factors

Question 17

Mast cells are derived from

Answer 17

The same precursor as basophils

Question 18

Drug that prevents mast cell degranulation

Answer 18

Cromolyn sodium

Question 19

Substance used by eosinophils against invasive helminthic infections

Answer 19

Major basic protein

Question 20

T/F Eosinophils phagocytose antigen-antibody complexes

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Precursor of eosinophils

Answer 21

Same as granulocyte precursors

Question 22

Eosinophilia is found in what pathologies besides parasitism

Answer 22

1) Neoplasms
2) Allergic processes
3) Collagen vascular diseases

Question 23

Hypersegmented nucleus of granulocytes is seen in what condition/s

Answer 23

Vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiencies

Question 24

Hypersegmented nucleus is defined as how many lobes

Answer 24

> 5

Question 25

Neutrophil granules contain (4)

Answer 25

1) Hydrolytic enzymes 2) Lysozyme 3) MPO 4) Lactoferin

Question 26

WBC: Kidney-shaped nucleus

Answer 26

Monocyte

Question 27

Formed elements in blood that function in antigen-presentation

Answer 27

1) Monocyte 2) Macrophage 3) Dendritic cells 4) Lymphocytes

Question 28

WBC: Macrophages are derived from

Answer 28

Monocytes

Question 29

Macrophages: Cytokine for activation

Answer 29

IF-gamma

Question 30

Functions of dendritic cells (2)

Answer 30

1) Professional APCs | 2) Main inducers of primary Ab response

Question 31

Dendritic cells in skin

Answer 31

Langerhans cells

Question 32

B cells: Produced in

Answer 32

Bone marrow

Question 33

B cells: Mature in

Answer 33

Bone marrow

Question 34

T cells: Produced in

Answer 34

Bone marrow

Question 35

T cells: Mature in

Answer 35

Thymus

Question 36

WBC: Of-center nucleus with clock-faced chromatin

Answer 36

Plasma cell

Question 37

WBC: Proliferate in multiple myeloma

Answer 37

Plasma cells

Question 38

Type of antibody (Ig): Anti-D

Answer 38

IgG

Question 39

Anti Rh antibody can cause what disease in the newborn

Answer 39

Hemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 40

Laboratory test for extrinsic pathway

Answer 40

PT

Question 41

Laboratory test: Warfarin therapy

Answer 41

PT

Question 42

Laboratory test: Heparin therapy

Answer 42

aPTT

Question 43

Laboratory test: Synthetic function of liver in acute failure

Answer 43

PT

Question 44

Vitamin K dependent factors

Answer 44

1972: IX, X, VII, II

Question 45

Laboratory test: Intrinsic pathway

Answer 45

aPTT

Question 46

aPTT tests for all factors except

Answer 46

VII and XIII

Question 47

Steps in formation of a platelet plug

Answer 47

1) Adhesion 2) Aggregation 3) Swelling 4) Maturation

Question 48

Platelet plug formation: Vasoconstriction is mediated by

Answer 48

TXA2 from platelets produced via COX-1 enzymes

Question 49

COX-1 enzyme is inhibited by what drug

Answer 49

Aspirin

Question 50

Platelet plug formation: Aspirin interferes with what phase

Answer 50

Aggregation

Question 51

Platelet plug formation: Substances released by endothelial cells that are natural inhibitors of aggregation

Answer 51

1) PGI2 | 2) NO

Question 52

Platelet plug formation: PGI2 and NO inhibit platelet aggregation by

Answer 52

Vasodilating vessels

Question 53

Refers to the average volume of RBCs

Answer 53

MCV

Question 54

Formula for MCV

Answer 54

Hct/RBC x 10

Question 55

Unit for MCV

Answer 55

fL

Question 56

Normal MCV

Answer 56

80-100 fL

Question 57

Formula for MCH

Answer 57

Hgb/RBC x 10

Question 58

Average Hgb concentration of RBCs

Answer 58

MCHC

Question 59

Red cell index that increases in hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 59

MCHC

Question 60

Variation in size of RBCs

Answer 60

RDW

Question 61

RDW is elevated in what conditions

Answer 61

1) IDA | 2) Folate deficiency anemia

Question 62

MCV in IDA and folate deficiency anemia

Answer 62

NORMAL, because of increased RDW (combined micro and macrocytes

Question 63

Layer of the skin where Langerhans cells can be found

Answer 63

Stratum spinosum