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Toxicology Test 2 > Heavy Metals > Flashcards

Heavy Metals Flashcards

1
Q

species most vulnerable to lead poisoning?

A

waterfowl

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2
Q

main route of absorption of lead?

A

ingestion

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3
Q

T/F: patient deficient in vit d, Ca, Zn, or Fe absorbs Pb better?

A

YES

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4
Q

most common source of lead toxicosis is????

A

lead based paints (paint chips)

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5
Q

MOA of Pb toxicosis?

A

interferes w cellular function, substitutes Ca, Zn, Mg and Fe, competes w/ Ca in bone and alters Ca movement across membrane

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6
Q

Target tissues of Pb toxicity?

A

GIT, blood and CNS

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7
Q

chronic exposure of Pb effect on blood?

A

inhibition of heme synthesis, anemia, delayed RBC maturation, stippling of RBC

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8
Q

Pb toxicosis can cause brain edema?

A

yes

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9
Q

GIT signs of Pb toxicosis?

A

caustic nature of lead salts, anorexia, salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, rumen antony

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10
Q

CNS signs of Pb toxicosis?

A

inhibition of neurotransmitters, spontaneous release of dopamine, Ach, GABA - aka big mess!

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11
Q

which species show CNS depression w/ Pb toxicosis?

A

horses and sheep

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12
Q

Most common chelator used in Pb toxicosis tx???

A

calcium disodium EDTA

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13
Q

a farmer calls you freaking out because his animals all ate a bunch of old batteries that he left out. terrible!!! he mentions he has some disodium EDTA on hand and is wondering if he should give it to his critters. is this ok??

A

NOOOOOOO. his idea of using a chelator is ideal because they have Pb toxicosis but, need to use CALCIUM disodium EDTA not just disodium EDTA (risk hypocalcemia and kidney damage)

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14
Q

should you tx Pb toxicosis w/ activated charcoal?

A

nooo not recommended

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15
Q

most common source of exposure of Zn is???

A

ingestion (pennies, galvanized metals, ointments, supplements)

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16
Q

Once absorbed, Zn travels to liver bound to plasma proteins??

A

yassss

17
Q

Zn undergoes enterohepatic recirculation?

A

yes

18
Q

4 major tissues affected by Zn toxicosis?

A

RBC, kidney, liver, pancreas

19
Q

excess Zn interferes w/ absorption of other metals???

A

ya

20
Q

Zn causes intravascular hemolysis! what would you see in urine?

A

hemoglobinuria (bc hemolytic anemia)

21
Q

A client comes to you worried because her dog ate a bunch of hand warmer packets. What heavy metal toxicity are you worried about??

A

Iron!!!

22
Q

Rust is very toxic?

A

no, generally non toxic

23
Q

Toxicity of Fe due to??

A

formation of ROS, cellular damage, tissue death, organ failure

24
Q

which is more of an irritant? organic or inorganic iron??

A

inorganic

25
Q

which is more of an irritant? ferrous 2+ or ferric 3+??

A

ferric!

26
Q

primary effect of Fe??

A

GIT CV system and liver –> shock and death!

27
Q

when is chelation therapy indicated in Fe toxicosis?

A

only in severe cases within 12h of ingestion

Toxicology Test 2 (9 decks)

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