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Anatomy & Physiology II Lab > Heart Lab > Flashcards

Heart Lab Flashcards

1
Q

The heart is located within the:

A

mediastinum/medial cavity of the thoracic cavity

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2
Q

2/3 of the hearts mass is located toward the:

A

left or the thoracic cavity

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3
Q

The hearts pericardium is made up of how many structured layers? What are their names?

A

3; Fibrous pericardium, Parietal pericardium, and Visceral pericardium

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4
Q

Outer tough, non-elastic connective tissue that prevents overstretching of the heart:

A

Fibrous pericardium

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5
Q

A serous membrane that makes up the outer layer of the pericardium:

A

Parietal pericardium

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6
Q

Also known as the epicardium; the surface of the heart which is made up of fibrous tissue

A

Visceral pericardium

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7
Q

The layers make a cavity, which contains the:

A

serous fluid

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8
Q

How many layers make up the heart wall? What are the names of these layers?

A

3; Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium

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9
Q

Layer of the heart wall that contains mesothelium and connective tissue:

A

Epicardium

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10
Q

Layer of the heart wall that contains cardiac muscle:

A

Myocardium

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11
Q

Layer of the heart wall that contains endothelium and connective tissue that covers valves and inner surface:

A

Endocardium

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12
Q

External structure of the heart that increases the capacity of the atria:

A

Auricles

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13
Q

External structure of the heart that has grooves containing coronary blood vessels and fat:

A

Sulci

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14
Q

The main sulci are:

A

The coronary sulcus and the anterior interventricular sulcus

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15
Q

Internal structure of the heart that contains the two atria and two ventricles; Interarterial and interventricular septums are collectively called the:

A

Four chambers

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16
Q

Internal structure of the heart that has ridges of muscle inside the ventricles:

A

Trabeculae carneae

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17
Q

Internal structure of the heart that is present between each atria and ventricle; These valves have cusps connected to chordate tendineae to papillary muscles:

A

Atrioventricular (AV) Valve

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18
Q

Internal structure of the heart that is present where blood leaves the ventricles and enters either the aorta (left side) or the pulmonary trunk (right side):

A

Semilunar Valve

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19
Q

Pulmonary Circuit (right side): Blood goes to the lungs where blood:

A

Picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide

20
Q

Circuit where blood leaves the heart and goes to all parts of the body and back to the heart:

A

Systemic Circuit

21
Q

What is it called when the heart is filled with blood, but that blood does not nourish cardiac tissue:
(Because the myocardium is too thick for diffusion)

A

Coronary Circulation

22
Q

Blood nourishes the heart via:

A

Coronary Arteries

23
Q

What arteries supply the heart with blood?

A

Left and right coronary arteries, anterior/posterior inter-ventricular, marginal, and circumflex arteries

24
Q

Venous blood is collected by what veins which empties into the right atrium?

A

Cardiac veins (great, middle, small)

25
Q

Hole found in the interarterial septum; After birth this hole closes and seals shut in about a year, which leaves a depression known as the:

A

Fossa Ovalis (Foramen Ovale in fetuses)

26
Q

Vessel that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta; Following birth, vasoconstriction closes the this vessel; One to three months following birth, this vessel will turn into a ligament known as:

A

Ligamentum Arteriosum (Ductus Arteriosus in fetuses)

27
Q

The pacemaker of the heart is known as the:

A

Sinoatrial (SA) node

28
Q

The SA node starts the heartbeat by causing the contraction (depolarization) of:

A

Both Atria

29
Q

Contraction of the heart muscle:

A

Ventricular Systole

30
Q

Relaxation of the heart muscle:

A

Ventricular Diastole

31
Q

Blood is pushed through the semilunar valves out of the heart:

A

Ventricular Ejection

32
Q

First heart sound; AV valves shut

A

Lubb

33
Q

Second heart sound: Semilunar valves shut

A

Dupp

34
Q

When valves don’t shut properly, this is called a:

A

murmur

35
Q

Records heart activity and assesses the ability of the heart to transmit cardiac impulses:

A

ECG/EKG

36
Q

Over 100 beats/min is known as:

A

Tachycardia

37
Q

Under 60 beats/min is known as:

A

Bradycardia

38
Q

Uncoordinated heart contraction is known as:

A

Fibrillation

39
Q

Blood pressure is typically taken from what artery?

A

Brachial Artery

40
Q

Normal blood pressure is noted as

A

120/80 mm Hg

41
Q

Systolic pressure is due to the:

A

contraction of the ventricles

42
Q

Diastolic pressure is due to the:

A

vascular resistance

43
Q

Sounds are known as:

A

Korotkoff sounds

44
Q

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is known as:

A

Pulse Pressure (about 40 mm Hg)

45
Q

Pressure waves caused from the contraction of the ventricles; Pressing an artery against a firm object such as bone:

A

Pulse

46
Q

Average pulse:

A

75 beats/min

Anatomy & Physiology II Lab (12 decks)

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