Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of heart failure

A

dyspnoea, oedema, elevated JVP, basal crepitations and enlarged liver
ascites
tachycardia
s3 gallop

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2
Q

left heart failure

A

bibasal crepitations

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3
Q

right heart failure

A

oedema
hepatomegaly
raised JVP

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4
Q

causes of AF

A
hypertension
heart attacks
coronary artery disease
abnormal heart valves
Congenital heart disease
metabolic
medications
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5
Q

what are the semilunar valves

A

the pulmonary and aorta valves

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6
Q

grade 1 heart murmur

A

only on listening intently

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7
Q

grade 2 murmur

A

a murmur heard immediately on auscultation

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8
Q

grade 3 murmur

A

loud murmur with no palpable thrill

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9
Q

grade 4 murmur

A

loud murmur with a palpable thrill

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10
Q

what can contribute to heart failure

A
ischaemia
hypertension 
diabetes
valvular
tachycardia 
toxins
infective
endocrine
dilated cardiomyopathy
genetic (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy)
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11
Q

how does the new york heart association classify heart failure

A

1-4 point scale

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12
Q

how do you diagnose heart failure

A

must have signs and symptoms of heart failure

as well as evidence of structural or functional cardiac abnormality

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