Cards

Question 1

what are the features of hereditary spherocytosis

Answer 1

most common hereditary haemolytic anaemia in uk
red blood cells destroyed by spleen

manage with folate replacement and splenectomy

Question 2

what are the symptoms of haemolytic anaemia

Answer 2

failure to thrive
jaundice 
gallstones
splenomegaly
aplastic crisis precipitated by parvovirus infection

Question 3

what tb medication can induce gout

Answer 3

pyrazinamide

Question 4

what are the 4 main drugs for treating TB

Answer 4

isoniazde
rifampicin
ethambutol
pyranizamide

Question 5

what are the symptoms of testicular torsion

Answer 5

sever lower abdominal pain
swollen high testicle
apyrexial
absent cremasteric reflex

Question 6

what are the common causes of sudden painless loss of vision

Answer 6

ichaemic optic neuropathy (temporal arteritis or atherosclerosis)
occlusion of central retinal vein or artery (glaucoma, polycythaemia, hypertension)
vitreuos haemorrhage
retinal detachment

Question 7

when should a GP consider referring a dupytrens contracture

Answer 7

when the joints cannot be straightened and the hand cannot be placed flat on the table

Question 8

what do you prescribe for c difficile

Answer 8

oral metronidazole and 48 hour isolation

Question 9

clomiphene

Answer 9

used to induce ovulation

Question 10

what is danazol

Answer 10

treat endometriosis and fibrocystic breast disease

Question 11

ulipristal

Answer 11

EllaOne

Question 12

what is ebstein anomoly

Answer 12

caused by use of lithium in pregancy

creates tricuspid regurgitation -pan systolic murmur

Question 13

when does tetralogy of fallot present

Answer 13

usually after 1-2 months

Question 14

what is a rouleaux formation

Answer 14

staking of red blood cells- myeloma

Question 15

what are the complications of myeloma

Answer 15

CRAB:
Calcium raised
renal failure
anaemia 
bone paine 
bence jones proteins in urine

Question 16

what is a good way to differentiate dementia and delerium

Answer 16

fluctuation of symtpoms over a 24 hour period

usually have impaired consciousness and attention
agitation 
illusions 
hallucinations
delusions

Question 17

what are some complications of staph aureus

Answer 17

absesses (groin and psoas)

endocarditis

Question 18

what is the most common cardiac manifestation of SLE

Answer 18

pericarditis

Question 19

what is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children

Answer 19

minimal change glomerulonephritis

Question 20

what can cause minimal change disease

Answer 20

idiopathic
NSAIDS
lymphoma
thymoma
Mono

usually treated with steroids

Question 21

why are people from the himalyas most prone to iodine deficiency hypothyroidism

Answer 21

iodine gets washed away by flooding

Question 22

how can you differentiate between a stomach ulcer and a duodenal ulcer

Answer 22

pain relieved by eating

Question 23

what are the features of total anterior circulation infarcts

Answer 23

middle and anterior cerebral arteries involved

unilateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss

homonymous hemianopia

higher cognitive dysfunction eg dyshpasia

Question 24

how can you differentiate between ischaemia and haemorrhagic strokes

Answer 24

haemorrhage more likely to:

have decreased consciousness

headache
nausea and vomiting
seizures

Question 25

what medications might you stop in AKI

Answer 25

ramipril
metformin
diclofenac
losartan

Question 26

what drugs if started in the last week are a risk factor for AKI

Answer 26

NSAIDS
ACE inhibitors
ARB

Question 27

what medications are safe in AKI

Answer 27

senna

paracetamol

Question 28

what GI medication can cause hyponatraemia

Answer 28

omeprazole