Cards Flashcards
what are the features of hereditary spherocytosis
most common hereditary haemolytic anaemia in uk
red blood cells destroyed by spleen
manage with folate replacement and splenectomy
what are the symptoms of haemolytic anaemia
failure to thrive jaundice gallstones splenomegaly aplastic crisis precipitated by parvovirus infection
what tb medication can induce gout
pyrazinamide
what are the 4 main drugs for treating TB
isoniazde
rifampicin
ethambutol
pyranizamide
what are the symptoms of testicular torsion
sever lower abdominal pain
swollen high testicle
apyrexial
absent cremasteric reflex
what are the common causes of sudden painless loss of vision
ichaemic optic neuropathy (temporal arteritis or atherosclerosis)
occlusion of central retinal vein or artery (glaucoma, polycythaemia, hypertension)
vitreuos haemorrhage
retinal detachment
when should a GP consider referring a dupytrens contracture
when the joints cannot be straightened and the hand cannot be placed flat on the table
what do you prescribe for c difficile
oral metronidazole and 48 hour isolation
clomiphene
used to induce ovulation
what is danazol
treat endometriosis and fibrocystic breast disease
ulipristal
EllaOne
what is ebstein anomoly
caused by use of lithium in pregancy
creates tricuspid regurgitation -pan systolic murmur
when does tetralogy of fallot present
usually after 1-2 months
what is a rouleaux formation
staking of red blood cells- myeloma
what are the complications of myeloma
CRAB: Calcium raised renal failure anaemia bone paine bence jones proteins in urine
what is a good way to differentiate dementia and delerium
fluctuation of symtpoms over a 24 hour period
usually have impaired consciousness and attention agitation illusions hallucinations delusions
what are some complications of staph aureus
absesses (groin and psoas)
endocarditis
what is the most common cardiac manifestation of SLE
pericarditis
what is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children
minimal change glomerulonephritis
what can cause minimal change disease
idiopathic NSAIDS lymphoma thymoma Mono
usually treated with steroids
why are people from the himalyas most prone to iodine deficiency hypothyroidism
iodine gets washed away by flooding
how can you differentiate between a stomach ulcer and a duodenal ulcer
pain relieved by eating
what are the features of total anterior circulation infarcts
middle and anterior cerebral arteries involved
unilateral hemiparesis and hemisensory loss
homonymous hemianopia
higher cognitive dysfunction eg dyshpasia
how can you differentiate between ischaemia and haemorrhagic strokes
haemorrhage more likely to:
have decreased consciousness
headache
nausea and vomiting
seizures
what medications might you stop in AKI
ramipril
metformin
diclofenac
losartan
what drugs if started in the last week are a risk factor for AKI
NSAIDS
ACE inhibitors
ARB
what medications are safe in AKI
senna
paracetamol
what GI medication can cause hyponatraemia
omeprazole
