Heart Cirrculatory System Flashcards
Main Functions of the circulatory system
Transport O2 and nutrients to our cells
Remove cellular wastes
Heat distribution
Circulation of hormones, immune cells, and clotting factors
Maintenance of fluid levels and blood pressure
Heart
muscular organ, pumps to circulate blood throughout body.
Pericardium
Fluid-filled membrane, helps to reduce friction between heart and lungs.
Atria (singular: atrium)
thin-walled chambers that receive blood from the veins
Ventricles
thick, muscular walled chambers that deliver blood to the arteries
Septum
muscle tissue separating the left and right ventricle
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves:
Separate atria from ventricles
Prevent flow of blood back into atria
Right side is the tricuspid valve
Left side is the bicuspid valve or mitral valve
Supported by bands of connective tissue called chordae tendinae
Semilunar Valves
Separate ventricles from arteries
Prevent blood flow back into the ventricles
Superior Vena Cava:
vein that brings deoxygenated blood to the heart from the upper half of the body
Inferior Vena Cava:
vein that brings deoxygenated blood to heart from lower half of body
Right Atrium:
chamber of heart that receives deoxygenated blood from superior & inferior vena cava
Right Ventricle:
chamber of the heart that receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium. Pumps blood to the pulmonary arteries.
Right AV (Tricuspid) Valve:
between the right atrium and right ventricle. Prevents blood flow back to the atrium.
Pulmonary Arteries:
carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
Pulmonary Veins:
carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
Left AV (bicuspid) valve:
between the left atrium and left ventricle. Prevents blood flow back to the atrium.
Left Ventricle:
chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the left atrium. Pumps blood to the aorta. The left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle
Aorta
carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
Pulmonary Circulation:
involves the vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs
Systemic Circulation:
involves the vessels that carry blood to and from the body’s other tissues.
Pulmonary Circulation Pathway
Blood low in O2 (deoxygenated) moves from right ventricle into pulmonary arteries and carried to lungs.
Blood high in O2 (oxygenated) returns from lungs through pulmonary veins into left atrium.
right ventricle → pulmonary arteries → lungs → pulmonary veins → left atrium
Systemic Circulation Pathway
BloodSystemic Circulation Pathway
high in O2 (oxygenated) leaves the left ventricle into the aorta to the rest of the body.
Blood low in O2 (deoxygenated) returns to the heart by the inferior and superior vena cavae into the right atrium.
