Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Health Assessment > heart and neck > Flashcards

heart and neck Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of the valves in the heart

A

stop the backflow of blood into the different cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is S1

A

( Lub )first heart sound as a result of closure of the AV valves (mitral & tricuspid) .It is heard best in the apex of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is S2

A

(Dub)second heart sound as a result of closure of semilunar valves(aortic & pulmonic).It is heard best in the base of the heart.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what valves are closed in dystole and systole ?

A

systole - tricuspid and mitral, dystole- pulmonic and aortic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is S3

A

extra heart sound at the end that is common in pregnant women, and young adults and children

don’t need to know anything about S4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a murmur ?

A

Blood circulating through normal cardiac chambers and valves usually makes no noise, However, some conditions create turbulent blood flow
- A murmur is a gentle, blowing, swooshing sound that can be heard on chest wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

rheumatic fever

A

the reason why we treat strepp throat, will damage heart valves, leads to mitral valve prolapse/ regurgitation, stroke volume will be very inefficient, and can lead to pulmonary edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

sign of pulmonary edema

A

pink/ frothy sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is tricuspid stenosis

A

stiff valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what will a replacement valve sound like

A

there will be a clicking sound

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

true or false: all dyastolic murmurs are bad

A

True : all dyastolic murmurs are bad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SA node

A

sets the tempo to keep everyone organized in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

AV node

A

Relay station of the electrical impulse in the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

left and right bundle branch

A

av node sends signals to the bundle branches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

purkinje fibers

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

starts at the av node

A

it is considered a sinus rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

reasons of the SA node going out

A

often results from old age , which is why we need a pace maker,
uncontrolled hypertension can damage it if SA node goes out, the AV node has to take over will beat at a 40- 60 bpm , considered a junctional rhythm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is A fib ?

A

when both the AV and the SA nodes go out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is ventricualr escape

A

20- 40 bpm

20
Q

if you dont habe any volume

A

you cant have a pulse

21
Q

if you can see electrial activity, doesnt mean that the heart is ok

A
22
Q

what is the P wave

A

Sa node fires Atrial depolarization; conduction of impulse throughout the atri ( going down throught eh heart, upward curve on chart . Sinus rhythm when you see upright P wave

23
Q

will a junctional rhytm have a p wave

A

no there will be no p wave

24
Q

QRS complex

A

message gets send to purkinje fibers, widened QRS complex, the transmission is not good( commonly seen in a heart attack ), if it is really wide, will be a ventricular rhythm( wide QRS and no P wave)

25
Q

dangerous area for heart

A

from R to T, increase the amount of time that the heart can become disorganized and out of whack

26
Q

what will show up in a heart attack

A

elevated S T

27
Q

what is afterload ?

A

The dyastolic blood pressure , total peripheral resistance, cardiac output will go down if dyastole is high

28
Q

what is preload?

A

venous return that builds during diastole. Length to which ventricular muscle stretched at end of diastole just before contraction

29
Q

rapid ventricular response

A
30
Q

hole in the heart of fetus

A

a fetus will recieve both deoxygenated and o2 blood due to hole in heart, when baby is born, the hole will eventually close but they will have a murmur. A murmur in a new born is normal. you will here swishing

31
Q

what is pulse pressure

A

difference between systolic and dyastolic as we age, pulse pressure increases due to stiffening vessels

32
Q

do you have a cough, shortness of breath, chest pain

A

will cover both cardio and lungs

33
Q

subjective history questions

A

Nocturia
Cyanosis or pallor
Orthopnea

34
Q

questions to ask about edema

A

Onset: When did you first notice this? Any recent change?
What time of day does the swelling occur? Do your shoes feel tight at the end of day?
How much swelling would you say there is? Are both legs equally swollen?
Does swelling go away with rest, elevation, or after a night’s sleep?
Do you have any associated symptoms, such as shortness of breath? If so, does shortness of breath occur before leg swelling or after?

35
Q

why is alchol a problem ?

A

because it is a vasoconstricter

36
Q

cardiac risk factors

A

alcohol, exercise, drugs, nutrition ( obesity ), smoking

37
Q

From jugular veins you can assess

A

central venous pressure (CVP) and judge heart’s efficiency as a pump
Position person supine anywhere from a 30- to a 45-degree angle, wherever you can best see pulsations

38
Q

All people enjoy taking medications

A

aortic valve , pulmonary valve, erb( can hear everything at once), tricuspid valve, mitral valve

39
Q

peripheral arteial disease and venous disease differences (

A

venous, ache not usually painful, heavienss, venous insufficiency , will cause a. arterial, decrease o2 to feet, will be painful. vericose veins ,

40
Q

mid systolic click

A

happens during systole , and is associated with a mitral valve prolapse

41
Q

spots to listen to for heart sounds ( valves specifically)

A

Second right intercostal space: aortic valve area
Second left intercostal space: pulmonic valve area
Fourth intercostal space Left sternal border: tricuspid valve area
Fifth interspace at around left midclavicular line: mitral valve area

42
Q

carotid artery

A

used to assess pulse and wave form

43
Q

why do we listen to carotid first before palpating ?

A

palpating because palpation may increase or slow HR

44
Q

abnormal findings of the carotid artery

A

blowing& swishing sound on auscultation caused by turbulent blood flow due to narrowed vessel

45
Q

bounding pulse is a sign of

A

increased CO

46
Q

decreased pulse is a sign of

A

decreased CO

Health Assessment (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions