Heart Anatomy Flashcards
pericardium encloses
- heart and roots of great vessels
external sac of pericardium
- fibrous pericardium
internal sac of pericardium
- serous pericardium
fibrous pericardium composed of
- tough connective tissue
fibrous pericardium continuous with
- adventitia of great vessels
fibrous pericardium attached to
- central tendon of diaphragm as well as sternum
fibrous pericardium supplied by
- internal thoracic (pericardiacophrenic and muscuophrenic) and inferior phrenic arteries
- as well as aorta
pain in fibrous pericardium conveyed by
- general sensory fibers of phrenic nerve
parietal layer of serous pericardium lines
- inner surface of fibrous pericardium
visceral layer of pericardium called
- epicardium
visceral layer of pericardium adheres
- adheres to heart and forms outer covering
the parietal and serous layers are continuous with
- one another around the large arteries and around the large veins
coronary sulcus
- atrioventricular sulcus
- encircles heart dividing atria from ventricles
anterior and posterior inter ventricular sulci
- separate two ventricles
right border of the heart
- right atrium
left border of the heart
- left auricle
- left ventricle
anterior surface of heart
- right ventricle
posterior surface of heart
- left atrium
- in the back and out of view
transverse pericardial sinus separates
- arteries from veins
oblique pericardial sinus formed by
- reflection into pulmonary arteries of the heart
right coronary artery divided into
- branch to SA node - superior
- marginal branch
- PDA - posterior descending artery - posterior surface
left coronary artery divided into
- LAD - left anterior descending
- circumflex branch - bends around back of heart
- marginal branch
what percent of people have a right dominant coronary circulation
where does PDA arise from
- 85% of people
- Right coronary artery
what percent of people have a left-dominant coronary circulation
- where does PDA arise from
- 8% of people
- left circumflex
what percent of people have a codominant circulation?
- where does PDA arise from
- 7% of people
- left circumflex and right coronary artery
left ventricle compared to right ventricle
- thicker wall
tricuspid valve found between
- right atrium and right ventricle
cusps of tricuspid valve
- anterior
- septal
- posterior
pulmonary valve found between
- right ventricle and pulmonary artery
mitral valve found between
- left atrium and left ventricle
cusps of mitral valve
- anterior
- posterior
aortic valve found between
- left ventricle
- aorta
lub sound
- first sound (S1)
- systole
- from mitral and tricuspid
the dub sound
- second sound (s2)
- diastole
- closing of two semilunar valves
pulmonary valve heard
- left 2nd intercostal space lateral to sternum
tricuspid valve heard
- lower part of sternum
aortic valve heard
- right intercostal space lateral to sternum
mitral valve heard
- left 5th intercostal space away from sternum
which node is the pacemaker
- SA node
heart rate of modified by the
- autonomic nervous system
cardiac plexus is a collection of
- sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
cardiac plexus located at
- bifurcation of trachea just superior to heart
cardiac plexus modifies
- heart rate
- force of contraction
- cardiac output
what fibers raise/lower heart rate and force of contraction
- visceral motor fibers
what fibers convey cardiac pain signal
what do they parallel
- visceral sensory fibers
- parallel sympathetic visceral motor fibers
what fibers transmit cardiac reflexes
what do they parallel
- visceral sensory
- parallel parasympathetic visceral motor fibers
