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Cardio Exam 1 > Heart Anatomy > Flashcards

Heart Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

pericardium encloses

A
  • heart and roots of great vessels
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2
Q

external sac of pericardium

A
  • fibrous pericardium
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3
Q

internal sac of pericardium

A
  • serous pericardium
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4
Q

fibrous pericardium composed of

A
  • tough connective tissue
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5
Q

fibrous pericardium continuous with

A
  • adventitia of great vessels
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6
Q

fibrous pericardium attached to

A
  • central tendon of diaphragm as well as sternum
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7
Q

fibrous pericardium supplied by

A
  • internal thoracic (pericardiacophrenic and muscuophrenic) and inferior phrenic arteries
  • as well as aorta
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8
Q

pain in fibrous pericardium conveyed by

A
  • general sensory fibers of phrenic nerve
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9
Q

parietal layer of serous pericardium lines

A
  • inner surface of fibrous pericardium
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10
Q

visceral layer of pericardium called

A
  • epicardium
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11
Q

visceral layer of pericardium adheres

A
  • adheres to heart and forms outer covering
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12
Q

the parietal and serous layers are continuous with

A
  • one another around the large arteries and around the large veins
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13
Q

coronary sulcus

A
  • atrioventricular sulcus

- encircles heart dividing atria from ventricles

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14
Q

anterior and posterior inter ventricular sulci

A
  • separate two ventricles
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15
Q

right border of the heart

A
  • right atrium
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16
Q

left border of the heart

A
  • left auricle

- left ventricle

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17
Q

anterior surface of heart

A
  • right ventricle
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18
Q

posterior surface of heart

A
  • left atrium

- in the back and out of view

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19
Q

transverse pericardial sinus separates

A
  • arteries from veins
20
Q

oblique pericardial sinus formed by

A
  • reflection into pulmonary arteries of the heart
21
Q

right coronary artery divided into

A
  • branch to SA node - superior
  • marginal branch
  • PDA - posterior descending artery - posterior surface
22
Q

left coronary artery divided into

A
  • LAD - left anterior descending
  • circumflex branch - bends around back of heart
  • marginal branch
23
Q

what percent of people have a right dominant coronary circulation

where does PDA arise from

A
  • 85% of people

- Right coronary artery

24
Q

what percent of people have a left-dominant coronary circulation

  • where does PDA arise from
A
  • 8% of people

- left circumflex

25
Q

what percent of people have a codominant circulation?

  • where does PDA arise from
A
  • 7% of people

- left circumflex and right coronary artery

26
Q

left ventricle compared to right ventricle

A
  • thicker wall
27
Q

tricuspid valve found between

A
  • right atrium and right ventricle
28
Q

cusps of tricuspid valve

A
  • anterior
  • septal
  • posterior
29
Q

pulmonary valve found between

A
  • right ventricle and pulmonary artery
30
Q

mitral valve found between

A
  • left atrium and left ventricle
31
Q

cusps of mitral valve

A
  • anterior

- posterior

32
Q

aortic valve found between

A
  • left ventricle

- aorta

33
Q

lub sound

A
  • first sound (S1)
  • systole
  • from mitral and tricuspid
34
Q

the dub sound

A
  • second sound (s2)
  • diastole
  • closing of two semilunar valves
35
Q

pulmonary valve heard

A
  • left 2nd intercostal space lateral to sternum
36
Q

tricuspid valve heard

A
  • lower part of sternum
37
Q

aortic valve heard

A
  • right intercostal space lateral to sternum
38
Q

mitral valve heard

A
  • left 5th intercostal space away from sternum
39
Q

which node is the pacemaker

A
  • SA node
40
Q

heart rate of modified by the

A
  • autonomic nervous system
41
Q

cardiac plexus is a collection of

A
  • sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves
42
Q

cardiac plexus located at

A
  • bifurcation of trachea just superior to heart
43
Q

cardiac plexus modifies

A
  • heart rate
  • force of contraction
  • cardiac output
44
Q

what fibers raise/lower heart rate and force of contraction

A
  • visceral motor fibers
45
Q

what fibers convey cardiac pain signal

what do they parallel

A
  • visceral sensory fibers

- parallel sympathetic visceral motor fibers

46
Q

what fibers transmit cardiac reflexes

what do they parallel

A
  • visceral sensory

- parallel parasympathetic visceral motor fibers

Cardio Exam 1 (25 decks)

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