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SP17: Anatomy Test 3 > Heart > Flashcards

Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three circuits being pumped from the heart?

A
  1. Pulmonary
  2. Systemic
  3. Coronary
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2
Q

T/F: The pericardium expands as the heart pumps blood.

A

FALSE

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3
Q

What are the three layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep?

A
  1. Epicardium: visceral pericardium
  2. Myocardium: cardiac muscle
  3. Endocardium: lines chambers
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4
Q

The apex of the heart is found where in the body?

A

5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular

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5
Q

The ____ are the receiving chambers and the ______ are the ejecting chambers.

A

Atria; ventricles

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6
Q

What types of valves separate atria and ventricles?

A

AV valves

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7
Q

What types of valves separate ventricles and ejecting vessels?

A

Semilunar valves

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8
Q

What separates the right and left atria?

A

IA septum

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9
Q

What separates the right and left ventricles?

A

IV septum

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10
Q

The smooth wall portion of the right atrium is derived from _______.

A

Sinus venosus

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11
Q

What ridge separates the smooth and rough walls of the right atrium?

A

Crista terminalis

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12
Q

The muscle that lines the rough wall and auricle of the right atrium is called _______ muscle.

A

Pectinate

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13
Q

The ____ _____ is a remnant of the foramen ovale in the IA wall.

A

Fossa ovalis

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14
Q

T/F: The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and ventricle.

A

TRUE

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15
Q

What are the three cusps of the tricuspid valve?

A
  1. Anterior
  2. Septal
  3. Posterior
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16
Q

The tricuspid valve is anchored to the _____ muscles via the _____ ______.

A

papillary; chordae tendineae

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17
Q

What gives the interior wall of the right ventricle its rough texture?

A

Trabeculae carneae

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18
Q

What structure funnels blood into the pulmonary trunk?

A

Conus arteriosus (infundibulum)

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19
Q

T/F: The pulmonary valve is a semilunar valve that has three cusps.

A

TRUE

Left, right, anterior

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20
Q

T/F: The left atrial wall has smooth muscular surface.

A

TRUE

21
Q

Which part of left atrium is rough with pectinate muscle?

A

Auricle

22
Q

In the left atrium, the _________ opposes the fossa ovalis from the right atrium.

A

valve of foramen ovale

23
Q

T/F: The tricuspid valve connects the left atrium to left ventricle.

A

FALSE

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

24
Q

How is the bicuspid valve anchored to papillary muscles?

A

Chordae tendineae

25
Q

T/F: The interior wall of the left ventricle is smooth with trabeculae carneae.

A

FALSE

ROUGH

26
Q

The muscle wall in the left ventricle is often much ______ than in the right ventricle.

A

thicker

27
Q

What structure is found in the right ventricle but not the left?

A

Septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

28
Q

T/F: The aortic valve has three cusps.

A

TRUE

Left, right, posterior

29
Q

What are the four auscultation points?

A
  1. Tricuspid: left sternum/5th space
  2. Mitral: midclavicular/5th space
  3. Pulmonary: left 2nd space
  4. Aortic: right 2nd space
30
Q

The right/left coronary arteries come from the ______.

A

Aorta

31
Q

The cardiac veins mostly drain into the coronary _____.

A

sinus

32
Q

What are the branches of the right coronary artery?

A
  1. SA nodal a.
  2. Right marginal a.
  3. Posterior interventricular a.
33
Q

What structures are supplied by the right coronary a.?

A
  1. Right atrium and ventricle
  2. SA node
  3. AV nodes
  4. Interatrial septum
  5. Part of left atrium
  6. Posteroinferior 1/3 IV septum
  7. Bit of posterior left ventricle
34
Q

What structures are supplied by the left coronary a.?

A
  1. Left atrium and ventricle

2. IV septum

35
Q

What are the branches of the left coronary artery?

A
  1. Ant. interventricular a. (aka LAD)

2. Circumflex a. -> left marginal a.

36
Q

How do you determine arterial dominance?

A

Whichever has a posterior interventricular branch. Will cross midline to reach opposite ventricle.

65% R dominant

37
Q

Which vein travels with the anterior interventricular artery?

A

Great cardiac vein

38
Q

Which vein would drain area of left atrium?

A

Great cardiac vein

39
Q

Which vein would drain area of left ventricle?

A

Middle cardiac vein

40
Q

Which vein would drain area of right ventricle?

A

Small cardiac vein

41
Q

Which cardiac veins do not enter into the coronary sinus?

A

Anterior cardiac veins

42
Q

What are the four sources of blood coming into the right atrium?

A
  1. SVC
  2. IVC
  3. Coronary sinus
  4. Anterior cardiac veins
43
Q

What vessels can be used for coronary artery bypass grafts?

A
  1. Great saphenous v.
  2. Int. Thoracic a.
  3. Radial a.
44
Q

The heart receives sympathetic innervation from levels ______.

A

T1-T5

45
Q

The heart receives parasympathetic innervation from ___.

A

CN X

46
Q

T/F: The heart will beat without the CNS.

A

TRUE

47
Q

Describe the conduction system of the heart.

A

SA node -> AV node -> AV bundle -> R and L bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers

48
Q

The _______ allow for contraction of the ventricles.

A

Purkinje fibers

SP17: Anatomy Test 3 (9 decks)

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