Heart

Question 1

What are the three circuits being pumped from the heart?

Answer 1

1. Pulmonary
2. Systemic
3. Coronary

Question 2

T/F: The pericardium expands as the heart pumps blood.

Answer 2

FALSE

Question 3

What are the three layers of the heart wall from superficial to deep?

Answer 3

1. Epicardium: visceral pericardium
2. Myocardium: cardiac muscle
3. Endocardium: lines chambers

Question 4

The apex of the heart is found where in the body?

Answer 4

5th intercostal space, mid-clavicular

Question 5

The ____ are the receiving chambers and the ______ are the ejecting chambers.

Answer 5

Atria; ventricles

Question 6

What types of valves separate atria and ventricles?

Answer 6

AV valves

Question 7

What types of valves separate ventricles and ejecting vessels?

Answer 7

Semilunar valves

Question 8

What separates the right and left atria?

Answer 8

IA septum

Question 9

What separates the right and left ventricles?

Answer 9

IV septum

Question 10

The smooth wall portion of the right atrium is derived from _______.

Answer 10

Sinus venosus

Question 11

What ridge separates the smooth and rough walls of the right atrium?

Answer 11

Crista terminalis

Question 12

The muscle that lines the rough wall and auricle of the right atrium is called _______ muscle.

Answer 12

Pectinate

Question 13

The ____ _____ is a remnant of the foramen ovale in the IA wall.

Answer 13

Fossa ovalis

Question 14

T/F: The tricuspid valve separates the right atrium and ventricle.

Answer 14

TRUE

Question 15

What are the three cusps of the tricuspid valve?

Answer 15

1. Anterior
2. Septal
3. Posterior

Question 16

The tricuspid valve is anchored to the _____ muscles via the _____ ______.

Answer 16

papillary; chordae tendineae

Question 17

What gives the interior wall of the right ventricle its rough texture?

Answer 17

Trabeculae carneae

Question 18

What structure funnels blood into the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 18

Conus arteriosus (infundibulum)

Question 19

T/F: The pulmonary valve is a semilunar valve that has three cusps.

Answer 19

TRUE

Left, right, anterior

Question 20

T/F: The left atrial wall has smooth muscular surface.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

Which part of left atrium is rough with pectinate muscle?

Answer 21

Auricle

Question 22

In the left atrium, the _________ opposes the fossa ovalis from the right atrium.

Answer 22

valve of foramen ovale

Question 23

T/F: The tricuspid valve connects the left atrium to left ventricle.

Answer 23

FALSE

Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 24

How is the bicuspid valve anchored to papillary muscles?

Answer 24

Chordae tendineae

Question 25

T/F: The interior wall of the left ventricle is smooth with trabeculae carneae.

Answer 25

FALSE ROUGH

Question 26

The muscle wall in the left ventricle is often much ______ than in the right ventricle.

Answer 26

thicker

Question 27

What structure is found in the right ventricle but not the left?

Answer 27

Septomarginal trabecula (moderator band)

Question 28

T/F: The aortic valve has three cusps.

Answer 28

TRUE Left, right, posterior

Question 29

What are the four auscultation points?

Answer 29

1. Tricuspid: left sternum/5th space 2. Mitral: midclavicular/5th space 3. Pulmonary: left 2nd space 4. Aortic: right 2nd space

Question 30

The right/left coronary arteries come from the ______.

Answer 30

Aorta

Question 31

The cardiac veins mostly drain into the coronary _____.

Answer 31

sinus

Question 32

What are the branches of the right coronary artery?

Answer 32

1. SA nodal a. 2. Right marginal a. 3. Posterior interventricular a.

Question 33

What structures are supplied by the right coronary a.?

Answer 33

1. Right atrium and ventricle 2. SA node 3. AV nodes 4. Interatrial septum 5. Part of left atrium 6. Posteroinferior 1/3 IV septum 7. Bit of posterior left ventricle

Question 34

What structures are supplied by the left coronary a.?

Answer 34

1. Left atrium and ventricle | 2. IV septum

Question 35

What are the branches of the left coronary artery?

Answer 35

1. Ant. interventricular a. (aka LAD) | 2. Circumflex a. -> left marginal a.

Question 36

How do you determine arterial dominance?

Answer 36

Whichever has a posterior interventricular branch. Will cross midline to reach opposite ventricle. 65% R dominant

Question 37

Which vein travels with the anterior interventricular artery?

Answer 37

Great cardiac vein

Question 38

Which vein would drain area of left atrium?

Answer 38

Great cardiac vein

Question 39

Which vein would drain area of left ventricle?

Answer 39

Middle cardiac vein

Question 40

Which vein would drain area of right ventricle?

Answer 40

Small cardiac vein

Question 41

Which cardiac veins do not enter into the coronary sinus?

Answer 41

Anterior cardiac veins

Question 42

What are the four sources of blood coming into the right atrium?

Answer 42

1. SVC 2. IVC 3. Coronary sinus 4. Anterior cardiac veins

Question 43

What vessels can be used for coronary artery bypass grafts?

Answer 43

1. Great saphenous v. 2. Int. Thoracic a. 3. Radial a.

Question 44

The heart receives sympathetic innervation from levels ______.

Answer 44

T1-T5

Question 45

The heart receives parasympathetic innervation from ___.

Answer 45

CN X

Question 46

T/F: The heart will beat without the CNS.

Answer 46

TRUE

Question 47

Describe the conduction system of the heart.

Answer 47

SA node -> AV node -> AV bundle -> R and L bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers

Question 48

The _______ allow for contraction of the ventricles.

Answer 48

Purkinje fibers