Ear

Question 1

What are the two functions of the ear?

Answer 1

1. Maintain balance

2. Perceive sound

Question 2

The auricle, external acoustic meatus, and tympanic membrane are all part of the _________ ear.

Answer 2

External

Question 3

The ear ossicles, malleus, incus, and stapes are all part of the _______ ear.

Answer 3

Middle

Question 4

The epitympanic recess is _______ to the tympanic membrane.

Answer 4

Superior

Question 5

What structure exits the middle ear cavity anteriorly?

Answer 5

Auditory (Eustachian) tube

Question 6

What is found at the posterior of the middle ear cavity?

Answer 6

Aditus ad antrum

Question 7

What types of tissue make up which parts of the auditory tube?

Answer 7

Posterior 1/3 = bony

Anterior 2/3 = cartilage

Question 8

The _______ _______ makes up the superior wall of the middle ear.

Answer 8

Tegmen Tympani

Question 9

The _______ _____ makes up the inferior floor of the middle ear.

Answer 9

Jugular wall

Question 10

Lateral wall of middle ear?

Answer 10

Tympanic membrane

Question 11

The ______ is a protuberance on the medial wall of the middle ear.

Answer 11

Promontory

Question 12

What is the fenestra vestibuli also called?

Answer 12

Oval Window

Question 13

What is the other name for the fenestra cochlea?

Answer 13

Round window

Question 14

The ________ ________ is a hollow projection of bone on the posterior wall of the middle ear cavity.

Answer 14

Pyramidal eminence

Question 15

What opening in the posterior wall of the middle ear leads to the mastoid air cells?

Answer 15

Aditus ad antrum

Question 16

What are the two muscles found in the middle ear?

Answer 16

1. Tensor tympani

2. Stapedius

Question 17

What is the function of the middle ear muscles?

Answer 17

1. Reduce oscillations

2. Protects inner ear from loud noise

Question 18

T/F: The tensor tympani is found in the bony semicanal located superior to the auditory tube.

Answer 18

T

Question 19

Where does the tensor tymani insert?

Answer 19

Handle of malleus

Question 20

What nerve innervates tensor tympani?

Answer 20

V3

Question 21

What is the smallest striated muscle in the body?

Answer 21

Stapedius

Question 22

Where does the stapedius arise and insert?

Answer 22

Pyramidal eminence -> neck of stapes

Question 23

What nerve innervates the stapedius?

Answer 23

CN VII

Question 24

The ______ branches supply blood to the middle ear via the _______ branches.

Answer 24

Tympanic; carotid

Question 25

Where does the veinous drainage of the middle ear go?

Answer 25

1. Superior petrosal sinus

2. Pterygoid plexus

Question 26

Which cranial nerve goes through the middle ear cavity?

Answer 26

CN VII & chorda tympani

Question 27

The _______ plexus covers the promontory in the middle ear.

Answer 27

tympanic

Question 28

What cranial nerve forms the tympanic plexus?

Answer 28

CN IX

Question 29

What p-symp. nerve comes off of the tympanic plexus to supply the parotid gland?

Answer 29

Lesser petrosal nerve

Question 30

What is the function of the semicircular canals?

Answer 30

Control balance and position

Question 31

What is the function of the cochlea?

Answer 31

Control hearing

Question 32

What structure begins in the oval window?

Answer 32

Cochlea

Question 33

What marks the end of the cochlea?

Answer 33

Round window

Question 34

Describe the order of bony connections from the tympanic membrane to the oval window.

Answer 34

Tympanic membrane -> malleus -> incus -> stapes -> oval window

Question 35

What structures do sound waves travel through after the oval window?

Answer 35

Scala vestibuli -> Helicotrema -> Scala tympani -> Round window