heart 2

Question 1

foramen ovale

Answer 1

• -> fossa ovale
• opening of septum secundum
• shunts blood from right atrium–> left atrium by partially bypassing the lungs (pulmonary circulation)
• increase tension LA and LL

Question 2

ductus arteriosus

Answer 2

• .> ligamentum arteriosum
• connects left PA to concavity of arch of aorta
• shunts blood from pulmonary trunk to aorta`

Question 3

ductus venosus

Answer 3

• -> ligamentum venosum
• joins left branch of portal vein to IVC
• shunts oxygenated blood from umbilical vein (returning from placenta) to IVC
• hides behind liver

Question 4

umbilical vein

Answer 4

• -> ligamentum teres hepatis
• carry highly oxygenated blood from placenta to fetus
• consists of right vein

Question 5

umbilical arteries

Answer 5

–> medial umbilical ligament

Question 6

internal thoracic artery and vein

Answer 6

• supply diaphragm, pericardium and anastomoses in abdomen and intercostal arteries (comes from subclavian)
• becomes superior epigastric artery (continuation) behind rectus abdominal muscle

Question 7

left vagus

Answer 7

• goes in between the esophagus and the trachea

- wraps around aortic arch

Question 8

transverse pericardial sinus

Answer 8

• subdivision of pericardial sac lies posterior to ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk

Question 9

oblique pericardial sinus

Answer 9

• pericardial sac behind the heart

- surrounded by reflextion of serious pericardium around right and left pulmonary veins and IVC

Question 10

inferior vena cava foramina?

Answer 10

• T8

Question 11

esophagus hiatus

Answer 11

• T10

Question 12

aorta

Answer 12

• T12

- thoracic aorta becomes –> abdominal aorta

Question 13

right thoracic duct

Answer 13

• drains 1/4

- right side of head and right upper limb

Question 14

left thoracic duct

Answer 14

• drains 3/4

- lower part of right side

Question 15

which cardiac veins drain into the coronary sinus?

Answer 15

• all but the anterior cardiac vein

- great, middle, small, and oblique cardiac veins

Question 16

what prevents the cusps of the AV valves from being everted into the atrium?

Answer 16

• to prevent regurgitation of ventricular blood into the atrium, papillary muscles contract to tigthten the chorda tendineae

Question 17

cardiac plexus

Answer 17

• supplies the heart with sympathetic fibers
• receives superior, middle, and inferior cervical and thoracic cardiac nerves from the sympathetic trunks and vagus nerves

Question 18

SA node

Answer 18

• right SNS and PNS branches terminate in this region

Question 19

AV node

Answer 19

• left SNS and PNS branches terminate in this region