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N517 Anatomy > abdominal viscera > Flashcards

abdominal viscera Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 parts of the duodenal?

A
  1. superior
  2. descending
  3. transverse
  4. ascending
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2
Q

What is unique about the superior duodenum?

A
  • duodenal cap (mobile, free section) which invaginates into pylorus
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3
Q

What is unique about the descending duodenum?

A
  • contains junction of foregut and midgut –> where common bile duct and main pancreatic duct open
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4
Q

What is unique about the transverse duodenum?

A
  • longest part

- crossed anteriorly by superior mesenteric vessels

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5
Q

What is unique about the ascending duodenum?

A
  • fixed in position by suspensory ligament of treitz - fibromuscular band attached to right crus of diaphragm
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6
Q

What are the 4 regions of the stomach?

A
  1. cardia
  2. fundus
  3. body
  4. pylorus
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7
Q

What are the blood supplies of the stomach?

A
  • R/L gastric
  • R/L gastroepipolic
  • short gastric arteries
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8
Q

What happens to the accessory pancreatic duct?

A
  • it disappears
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9
Q

What does the sphincter of Oddi do and where is it contained?

A
  • it contains juices of gallbladder and pancreas

- located in triad in the hepatopancreatic duct`

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10
Q

Gastroduodenal artery

A
  • divides into 2 branches
    1. right gastroepipolic artery
  • supplies stomach and greater omentum
    2. superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
  • passes between duodenum and head pancreas
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11
Q

what veins form the portal vein?

A
  1. splenic vein
  2. superior mesenteric vein
  3. inferior mesenteric vein can join either of these two veins
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12
Q

what structures does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A
  1. left colic artery
    - descending colon
  2. sigmoid arteries
    - sigmoid colon
  3. superior rectal artery
    - rectum
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13
Q

portal vein

A
  • drains abdominal part of gut, spleen, pancreas, gallbladder
  • receives left gastric (coronary) vein
  • carries 2X more blood as hepatic artery
  • higher BP than IVC
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14
Q

What is near the caudate lobe of the liver?

A
  • left IVC (C-C)
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15
Q

What is near the quadrate lobe of the liver?

A
  • gallbadder (GQ)
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16
Q

What is the blood supply and where does the quadrate lobe of the liver drain?

A
  • left hepatic artery
  • drains bile into left hepatic duct
  • left lobe liver
17
Q

What is the blood supply and where does the caudate lobe of the liver drain?

A
  • right and left hepatic arteries
  • drain bile into both right and left hepatic duct
  • left lobe liver
18
Q

What covers the kidney?

A
  • fatty layer

- NOT parietal layer

19
Q

Sad Pucker

A 
S: suprarenal (adrenal) gland
A: aorta/IVC
D: duodenum (second and third part)
P: pancreas including tail
U: ureters
C: colon (ascending and descending)
K: kidneys
E: (o)esophagus
R: rectum
20
Q

What is defines retroperitoneal?

A

These organs are only covered in peritoneum on their anterior surface.

21
Q

Genitofemoral nerve

A
  • L1-2

- pierces psoas muscle and descends anterior surface

22
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve

A
  • L1
  • pierces transverse muscles
  • accompanies spermatic cord/round ligament–> continues through inguinal canal
  • -> femoral cutaneous branches
23
Q

Which is SHORTER? the left or right crus

A
  • left
24
Q

What are the two branches of autonomic ganglia?

A
  1. Sympathetic chain (paravertebral) ganglia

2. Collateral (prevertebral) ganglia

25
Q

What is the paravertebral ganglia?

A
  • composed of ascending and descending preganglionic sympathetic GVE fibers and GVA fibers with cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia
  • also contain cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fibers
26
Q

What is the prevertebral ganglia?

A
  • celiac, superior mesenteric, aorticorenal, & inferior mesenteric ganglia usually located near origin of respective arteries
  • formed by cell bodies of postganglionic sympathetic fibers
  • receive preganglionic sympathetic fibers by greater, lesser, least splanchnic nerves
27
Q

What parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?

A
  1. ascending

2. descending

28
Q

What parts of the colon are surrounded by peritoneum?

A
  1. transverse

2. sigmoid

29
Q

What parts of the colon have their own mesenteries?

A
  1. transverse (transverse mesocolon)

2. sigmoid (sigmoid mesocolon)

30
Q

What artery and nerve serves the ascending and transverse colon?

A
  • superior mesenteric artery

- vagus nerve

31
Q

What artery and nerve serves the descending and sigmoid colons?

A
  • inferior mesenteric artery

- pelvic splanchnic nerves

32
Q

What are the structures that comprise the large intestine?

A
  1. colon
  2. cecum
  3. appendix
  4. rectum
  5. anal canal
33
Q

What is the name of the mesentery that surrounds the appendix?

A
  • mesoappendic (contains appendicular vessels)

N517 Anatomy (13 decks)

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