Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PSYC 2360 > Hearing and chemical senses > Flashcards

Hearing and chemical senses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the objective measurement and perception of amplitude in sound waves

A

objective: height
perception: intensity/volume (dB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the objective measurement and perception of frequency in sound waves

A

Objective: Occurance during a period of time (Hz)
perception: Pitch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the perception of complexity in sound waves

A

timbre, or difference between sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If three instruments are being played at a low volume, which will sound the loudest?

A

the one with the highest pitch (frequency)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If 6 instruments are being played at a high volume, which will sound the loudest?

A

none, they will sound the same volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What wave makes up a pure tone?

A

A sine wave of amplitude and time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Complex tones can be mathematically pieced into ________

A

sine waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

fundamental frequency

A

the lowest frequency sine wave of a complex tone, which sets the tone of the soundwave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If a fundamental frequency is found to be 50 Hz, what will be the frequency of the third harmonic

A

150 Hz

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What creates the perception of timbre?

A

differences in amplitudes of harmonics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Pinna

A

exposed part of the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tympanic membrane

A

membrane in the outer ear that vibrates in response to sound waves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ossicles

A

Carry vibrations from tympanic membrane and amplify them for the cochlea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what part of the ear is filled with fluid

A

the inner ear (cochlea)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which ossicle is against the cochlea

A

stapes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The base of the basilar membrane is tunes to _______ frequency

A

higher

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The apex of the cochlea is tuned to _______ frequency

A

lower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Organ of corti

A

contains the hair cells for sound, translates movement of basilar membrane into neural signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why is hearing more fragile than vision

A

there are much fewer sound receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

outer hair cells

A

3 layers, useful for hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

inner hair cells

A

1 layer, critical for hearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

If a person is fully deaf, what part of the ear is not functioning?

A

inner hair cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Type II fibers send signals from ______ hair cells

A

outer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Type I fibers have better myelination because they send signals from _____ hair cells

A

inner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Hair cells rub against ______ to create action potentials
tectorial membrane
26
auditory nerves travel to the _______ lobe
temporal
27
Place code frequency processing
sound wave processing based on which area of the basilar membrane responds
28
temporal code frequency processing
action potentials only fire in synchronicity with the high point of sound wave frequencies
29
Why can't humans hear tones above 4000 Hz?
because the hair cells can't keep up (temporal code) with the frequency of the waves and stop firing
30
resonant frequencies
frequencies that we are good at hearing
31
T/F The basilar membrane only responds to the first 3 harmonics
F - responds to all harmonics within human range at the same time
32
Pitch neurons
Neurons in auditory cortex that give the perception of overall unifies sound
33
Cochlear implants
stimulate the basilar membrane when the hair cells are not sending the signals themselves
34
Azimuth
coordinates from left to right at the level of your ears
35
Interaural time difference
the difference in time for a sound to reach both ears
36
If a sound is directly in front of you, the interaural time difference will be ___
0
37
interaural level difference
The difference in sound wave volume experienced by both ears
38
T/F - Low frequency sounds can pass through object much easier and have a lower interaural level difference - ITD and ILD can help figure out sound from any direction
True, false - only azimuth
39
What helps humans determine elevational direction of sound?
spectral shape of the ears
40
Where is ITD processed
medial superior olives
41
where is ILD processed
lateral superior olives
42
inferior colliculus
area where olives join and determine location of sound
43
A lesion in the inferior colliculus will cause ...
inability to know the direction of sounds
44
T/F Sound enters at the brainstem
true
45
Wernicke's area
language comprehension
46
Broca's area
language production
47
Broca's aphasia
inability to say things or name items
48
Wernicke's aphasia
inability to produce sentences that make sense
49
which hemisphere of the brain is important for language
left
50
Which hemisphere of the brain is important for prosody (processing rhythm)
right
51
Olfactory mucosa
location of smell receptors
52
Which sense does NOT pass through the thalamus
smell
53
Piriform cortex
area in temporal lobe that identifies smell
54
Orbitofrontal cortex
area in frontal lobe that decides whether we do or don't like a smell
55
Where are smell signals organized
Olfactory bulb at the base of the brain
56
How is the amygdala involved in olfaction
emotional reactions to smell
57
What two flavours do we automatically enjoy
sweet and salty (high in energy)
58
What flavour do we have an automatic negative reaction
bitter
59
What area of the tongue has no receptors
middle
60
T/F Salt taste receptors are more at the tip of the tongue and sweet taste receptors are further back
false - all taste receptors are in all parts of the tongue
61
where are taste buds located
under papillae
62
Supertaster
people who have more taste receptors and are more sensitive to taste
63
non-taster
people who have normal levels of taste
64
T/F Supertasters are very picky because they are more sensitive to bitterness
true
65
Insula
area of the primary cortex that identifies taste
66
Chorda tympani nerve
taste from the front of the tongue
67
Glossopharyngeal nerve (taste)
taste from the back of the tongue and mouth
68
Vagus nerve (taste)
taste from the throat
69

PSYC 2360 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions