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APC - JC > Health & Safety > Flashcards

Health & Safety Flashcards

1
Q

Mottingham – What did you include in pre-construction info?

A
  • H&S information pertinent to the project:
    o Falls from height – appropriate provision of scaffolding
    o Service locations – A/C units on the roof
    o Potential asbestos – provided the asbestos register
    o Site security – site compound to be secured using hoarding / fencing
  • Information provided by the client:
    o Asbestos register
    o Access audit
    o Location of services
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2
Q

What design risks did you identify?

A
  • Falls from height – specified scaffolding and edge protection
  • Potential asbestos – instructed R&D survey
  • Hot works not undertaken as it was a liquid system
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3
Q

Mottingham – how did you assess the CPHSP was suitably developed?

A
  • Reviewed and ensured it contained the following information:
    o Job details including general overview and location of works
    o Projected programme of works
    o Details on asbestos
    o Details on existing hazardous materials
    o Responsibilities – H&S goals
     Accident free job
     Minimise COVID-19 infection
     Cooperative workforce alongside operation of the school
     Challenging all unsafe practices
    o Project directory incl sub-contractor details and job roles
    o Site set-up information including compound, welfare, scaffold, storage & skip
    o Details of risk assessment and methods statements
    o DBS details – which were passed and noted with the school
    o Fire safety plan
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4
Q

What health and safety regulations are you aware of?

A
  • Health and Safety at Work at 1974
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5
Q

What are the six pack regulations? (MSM – WPW)

A
  • Managing for health and safety
  • Safe use of work equipment
  • Manual handing
  • Workplace health, safety and welfare
  • Personal protective equipment at work
  • Work with display screen equipment
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6
Q

What is the purpose of a FRA?

A
  • Identify fire hazards and people at risk
  • Determine the safety measures and management policies necessary to ensure the safety of people in the building by;
  • Reducing the probability of a fire starting,
  • ensuring all occupants are alerted and can leave the premises,
  • Limiting the effects should a fire occur.
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7
Q

What are the principles of prevention?

A
  • Avoid risk where possible
  • Evaluate risks that cannot be avoided
  • Put in place proportionate measures that control them at source
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8
Q

What is the hierarchy of risk control?

A
  • Elimination
  • Substitution
  • Engineering Controls
  • Administrative Controls
  • PPE
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9
Q

What types of risks are you aware of?

A
  • Working at height
  • Asbestos
  • Fire safety
  • Substances and chemicals
  • Manual handling
  • Etc.
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10
Q

Who are the parties under the CDM REGULATIONS?

A
  • Client
  • Principal Contractor
  • Principal Designer
  • Designer
  • Contractor
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11
Q

What are the duties of the client under CDM?

A
  • Allocate sufficient time and resources
  • Appoint the principal designer and principal contractor on projects involving more than one contractor.
  • Ensure the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
  • Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided
  • Provide the pre-construction information
  • Ensure the principal contractor provides a construction phase plan
  • Ensure the Principal Designer prepares the Health and Safety File
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12
Q

What are the duties of the principal contractor under CDM?

A
  • Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate the entire Construction Phase
  • Prepare a written construction phase plan
  • Prevent unauthorised access to the site
  • Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided for the duration of the works
  • Consult and engage with workers about their health, safety and welfare
  • Check that anyone they appoint has the skills, knowledge, and experience to carry out the work safely.
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13
Q

What are the duties of the principal designer under CDM?

A
  • Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate Health and Safety in the Pre-construction phase.
  • Help and advise the client in the production of the pre-construction information
  • Work with designers to eliminate foreseeable safety risks, where this is not possible, take steps to reduce or control these risks.
  • Ensure that everyone involved in the Pre-Construction phase communicates and cooperates.
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14
Q

What are the HSE notification requirements?

A
  • A project is notifiable if the project is to last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any one point; or,
  • Exceed 500 person days
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15
Q

What does the Pre-Construction Information contain?

A
  • Health and safety information the client has or obtains, necessary for work to be carried out safely
  • E.g. ground conditions, working at height, hazardous materials, service locations
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16
Q

What is a competent person?

A
  • Someone with sufficient training, skills and experience.
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17
Q

Contents of a construction phase H&S plan

A
  • Start and finish dates, including key dates for build stages
  • Access restrictions.
  • Asbestos and dangers on site and how they will be managed.
  • Site security, compound arrangements and supervision details
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18
Q

What are the regulations concerning Lead?

A
  • Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002
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19
Q

When was lead banned in paintwork?

A
  • Banned for consumer use in 1988
  • Banned for all uses in 1992
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20
Q

What materials/surfaces/work would you consider being high risk of Lead Paint?

A
  • Removing paint coatings on properties built before the 1980’s
  • Stripping old paint using blow lamps or torches
  • Dry sanding old paint
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21
Q

What are the health effects of lead?

A
  • Changes in the blood which might lead to anaemia
  • Effects on the nervous system
  • Effects on the kidney
  • Effects of infertility in males
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22
Q

What are the methods for testing for lead?

A
  • Chemical test kits
  • Portable X-Ray florescence Isotope (XRF-i)
  • Laboratory analysis
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23
Q

What safety measures would you expect to be in place when stripping lead coatings?

A
  • Suitable PPE and RPE – overalls and a FFP3 Mask
  • RPE – respiratory protective equipment
  • Using wet abrasive techniques
  • On tool extraction, not passive capture bags
  • Provide washing and changing facilities and places free from contamination to eat and drink
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24
Q

What is the occupational exposure limit in the air set out in the regulations?

A
  • 0.15mg/m3
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25
Q

What is significant exposure?

A
  • Where an employee is or is liable to be exposed to a concentration of lead in the atmosphere exceeding half the occupational control limit (0.15mg/m3 ÷ 2 = 0.075mg/m3)
  • Where there is a substantial risk of the employee ingesting lead.
26
Q

What additional measures would you expect to be in place when working with significant amounts of lead?

A
  • Issue protective clothing and put laundering arrangements in place
  • Monitor lead-in-air concentrations
  • Place the employees under medical surveillance – blood tests taken every three months (could be more often depending on nature of work)
27
Q

What are the Action and Suspension levels when blood tests are undertaken?

A
  • Measured in micrograms per decilitre (µg/dL)
  • Action levels – concentrations of lead in the blood below the suspension limit, if these are reached the employer must:
     Carry out an investigation
     Review the control measures
     Take steps to reduce the employee’s blood-lead concentration below the action level.
  • Suspension level – the level of lead in blood or urine at which employees are normally taken off work which exposes them to lead.
  • General employees - 50 µg/dL action level, 60 µg/dL suspension level
  • Women of child bearing age – 25 µg/dL action level, 30 µg/dL suspension level
  • Young people under 18 other than (a) – 40 µg/dL action level, 50 µg/dL suspension level
28
Q

What is Asbestos?

A
  • A naturally occurring silicate mineral, popular in the late 19th century as a building material due to its sound absorption, tensile strength, resistance to heat, fire, electrical and chemical damage.
29
Q

Where would you find asbestos?

A
  • Asbestos Cement, asbestos insulating board, roof sheets, floor and ceiling tiles, gaskets, pipe insulation, sprayed lagging, water tanks, soffit/fascia boards, textured coatings.
30
Q

What are the 3 main types of asbestos?

A
  • Chrysotile - White
  • Crocidolite - Blue
  • Amosite – Brown
31
Q

What types of asbestos survey are you aware of?

A
  • Management Survey
  • Refurbishment and Demolition Survey
32
Q

What are the risk factors for legionella?

A
  • Water stored or recirculated
  • Water temperature in all or part of a system between 20-450C
  • Where water droplets can be disbursed i.e. showers, saunas
33
Q

When is legionella killed?

A
  • Cannot survive above 60°C
34
Q

What is the Fire Regulatory Reform Order?

A
  • The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
  • Requires that a responsible person must carry out and keep up to date, a risk assessment and implement appropriate measures to minimise the risk the risk to life and property from fire.
35
Q

What is working at height?

A
  • Work in any place where, if no precautions were taken, a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury.
36
Q

What is the regulations for Working at Height?

A
  • Work at Height Regulations 2005
37
Q

What should you do before you consider working at height?

A
  • Avoid work at height where practicable to do so
  • Where work cannot be avoided, prevent falls using an existing place of work that is already safe or the right type of equipment
  • Minimise the distance and consequences of a fall, by using the right type of equipment where risk cannot be eliminated.
38
Q

What is the correct angle of a ladder?

A
  • 75 degrees, should use the 1 in 4 rule i.e. 1 unit out for every 3 units up.
39
Q

How far should a ladder extend above the surface you wish to access?

A
  • Ladder should extend at least 1m above the landing point.
40
Q

What other measures could you take when using a ladder?

A
  • Have someone ‘foot’ the ladder
  • Is the ladder suitable for its intended use – Class 1 industrial ladder
  • Use standoff bars instead of supporting the ladder on fragile materials i.e. PVCu gutters
  • Ensure the ladder extends at least 1m above the surface I wish to access.
41
Q

What would you do before using a ladder?

A
  • Conduct a pre-use check, looking for:
     Twist, bent or dented stiles;
     Cracked, worn, bent or loose rungs
     Missing or damaged tie rods
     Cracked or damaged welded joints, loose rivets or damaged stays
42
Q

What are the heights of a scaffold edge protection?

A
  • Minimum height of 950mm
  • Intermediate rail with gaps either side of no more than 470mm
  • A toe board installed
43
Q

What are the heights of handrails of balconies etc.?

A
  • 1100mm
44
Q

How would you know a scaffold was safe to use?

A
  • Constructed to a generally recognised standard configuration i.e. TG20:13, a system scaffold, or a bespoke scaffold
  • Inspected and a handover certificate provided
  • Scaffold tags with notes of weekly inspection dates.
45
Q

What is TG20:13?

A
  • The National Access and Scaffolding Confederations (NASC) scaffold design technical guidance
46
Q

What scaffold inspections should be undertaken?

A
  • Following installation/before any first use.
  • At an interval of no more than every 7 days thereafter.
  • Following any circumstances liable to jeopardise the safety of the installation e.g. high winds.
47
Q

How would you know a scaffolder was competent?

A
  • Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme (CISRS) – scaffolders have to be a member and provide a card
48
Q

What did you consider when using a MEWP?

A
  • Height required
  • Application – appropriate MEWP for the job
  • Ground conditions
  • Operators – competent, trained etc.
  • Obstructions – protruding features, powerlines etc.
  • Traffic - any management procedures/measures required.
  • Restraint – do you need work restraint
  • Checks – has the MEWP been inspected and maintained, including daily checks
49
Q

RICS SURVEYING SAFELY GUIDANCE NOTE
What is the latest guidance note for surveying safely?

A
  • Surveying Safely: Health and Safety Principles for Property Professionals – 2nd Edition, November 2018
50
Q

What are RICS regulated firms expected to do to ensure the Health, safety and welfare of people at work?

A
  • Provide:
     Safe working environment.
     Safe work equipment.
     Safe systems of work.
     Competent staff.
51
Q

How do you assess risk?

A
  • Identify the hazards
  • Decide who might be harmed and how
  • Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
  • Record the findings and implement them
  • Review the assessment and update as necessary
  • Advise all affected of the outcome of the assessment, methods of work or other control methods
52
Q

What is the Hierarchy of Risk control?

A
  1. Elimination – redesign the activity so hazard is removed.
  2. Substitution – replace materials i.e. pre-prepared components over on site fabrication
  3. Engineering controls – use work equipment or other methods to control risks i.e. install edge protection, local exhaust ventilation etc.
  4. Administrative control – procedures to work safely i.e. prevent lone working, reducing time workers are exposed to hazards.
  5. PPE – the last resort, use of work equipment to minimise risk i.e. buddy systems to prevent lone working, use of harnesses
53
Q

How would you set out a risk assessment and evaluate the risks?

A
  • Use a matrix plotting severity of outcome vs likelihood of occurrence, on a scale of 1 to 3 on each axis
  • Risks of 9 needs to eliminated or reduced
  • Risks of 4-6 also need to be reduced
  • Risk assessment values of 2-3 can have control measures implemented, with information provided to those at risk.
  • Risks of 1 are not considered to be significant
54
Q

What would you do before undertaking a visit to a premises or a site?

A
  • Undertake a pre-assessment of hazards and risks likely to be encountered
  • Request as much information as possible from the client as possible
  • Checklist of matters to consider is located within the surveying safely guidance, this includes:
     Travelling to and from site – planning journey, parking etc.
     Lone working procedures
     Condition of the property – damage/unsafe areas, site rules, requirement for PPE
     Occupation – safeguarding, occupants, neighbours
     Activity – for what purpose is the site occupied, factory, retail etc.
     Site rules and welfare – emergency arrangements
     Roofs – is it necessary to go on the roofs? Guarding, edge protection
     Presence of asbestos containing materials
55
Q

What PPE might you wear to site?

A
  • Gloves
  • Hard hat
  • Ear defenders
  • Eye protection
  • Safety footwear
  • High visibility clothing
56
Q

What is a permit to work?

A
  • Where proposed work is identified as being high risk and strict controls are required, the work must be carried out against previously agreed safety procedures.
  • Authorises certain people to carry out specific work within a time frame, requires a declaration from the people authorising and carrying out the work.
57
Q

What would you do when visiting a property contaminated with asbestos?

A
  • Request copies of the asbestos register, R&D and Management surveys
  • Where removals have recently been undertaken, request a copy of the re-occupation air test certificate
  • Consider appropriate PPE
  • Advise others on the intention to visit the property, if necessary seek further advice.
58
Q

What are the regulations controlling noise?

A
  • Control of Noise at Work regulations 2005
59
Q

What do the noise regulations require an employer to do?

A
  • Take action a certain action values, these values are:
     Lower exposure action values
  • Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
  • Peak sound pressure of 135 dB
     Upper exposure action values
  • Daily or weekly exposure of 85 dB
  • Peak sound pressure of 137 dB
  • Employers must ensure the exposure limit values are not exceed
     Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
     Peak sound pressure of 140 dB
60
Q

What control could be undertaken on site to reduce noise?

A
  • Reduce the need for cutting etc. on site
  • Fit compressors on equipment
  • Substituting or modifying the equipment used
  • Move workers away from the sources of noise
  • Installation of enclosures
  • Avoid metal on metal impacts
61
Q

What is COSHH?

A
  • Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
  • A requirement to undertake a COSHH assessment of the workplace, assessing what work involves hazardous substances, how can these cause harm, how can you reduce the risk of harm occurring

APC - JC (30 decks)

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