Health & Safety Flashcards
1
Q
Mottingham – What did you include in pre-construction info?
A
- H&S information pertinent to the project:
o Falls from height – appropriate provision of scaffolding
o Service locations – A/C units on the roof
o Potential asbestos – provided the asbestos register
o Site security – site compound to be secured using hoarding / fencing - Information provided by the client:
o Asbestos register
o Access audit
o Location of services
2
Q
What design risks did you identify?
A
- Falls from height – specified scaffolding and edge protection
- Potential asbestos – instructed R&D survey
- Hot works not undertaken as it was a liquid system
3
Q
Mottingham – how did you assess the CPHSP was suitably developed?
A
- Reviewed and ensured it contained the following information:
o Job details including general overview and location of works
o Projected programme of works
o Details on asbestos
o Details on existing hazardous materials
o Responsibilities – H&S goals
Accident free job
Minimise COVID-19 infection
Cooperative workforce alongside operation of the school
Challenging all unsafe practices
o Project directory incl sub-contractor details and job roles
o Site set-up information including compound, welfare, scaffold, storage & skip
o Details of risk assessment and methods statements
o DBS details – which were passed and noted with the school
o Fire safety plan
4
Q
What health and safety regulations are you aware of?
A
- Health and Safety at Work at 1974
5
Q
What are the six pack regulations? (MSM – WPW)
A
- Managing for health and safety
- Safe use of work equipment
- Manual handing
- Workplace health, safety and welfare
- Personal protective equipment at work
- Work with display screen equipment
6
Q
What is the purpose of a FRA?
A
- Identify fire hazards and people at risk
- Determine the safety measures and management policies necessary to ensure the safety of people in the building by;
- Reducing the probability of a fire starting,
- ensuring all occupants are alerted and can leave the premises,
- Limiting the effects should a fire occur.
7
Q
What are the principles of prevention?
A
- Avoid risk where possible
- Evaluate risks that cannot be avoided
- Put in place proportionate measures that control them at source
8
Q
What is the hierarchy of risk control?
A
- Elimination
- Substitution
- Engineering Controls
- Administrative Controls
- PPE
9
Q
What types of risks are you aware of?
A
- Working at height
- Asbestos
- Fire safety
- Substances and chemicals
- Manual handling
- Etc.
10
Q
Who are the parties under the CDM REGULATIONS?
A
- Client
- Principal Contractor
- Principal Designer
- Designer
- Contractor
11
Q
What are the duties of the client under CDM?
A
- Allocate sufficient time and resources
- Appoint the principal designer and principal contractor on projects involving more than one contractor.
- Ensure the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
- Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided
- Provide the pre-construction information
- Ensure the principal contractor provides a construction phase plan
- Ensure the Principal Designer prepares the Health and Safety File
12
Q
What are the duties of the principal contractor under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate the entire Construction Phase
- Prepare a written construction phase plan
- Prevent unauthorised access to the site
- Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided for the duration of the works
- Consult and engage with workers about their health, safety and welfare
- Check that anyone they appoint has the skills, knowledge, and experience to carry out the work safely.
13
Q
What are the duties of the principal designer under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate Health and Safety in the Pre-construction phase.
- Help and advise the client in the production of the pre-construction information
- Work with designers to eliminate foreseeable safety risks, where this is not possible, take steps to reduce or control these risks.
- Ensure that everyone involved in the Pre-Construction phase communicates and cooperates.
14
Q
What are the HSE notification requirements?
A
- A project is notifiable if the project is to last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any one point; or,
- Exceed 500 person days
15
Q
What does the Pre-Construction Information contain?
A
- Health and safety information the client has or obtains, necessary for work to be carried out safely
- E.g. ground conditions, working at height, hazardous materials, service locations
16
Q
What is a competent person?
A
- Someone with sufficient training, skills and experience.
17
Q
Contents of a construction phase H&S plan
A
- Start and finish dates, including key dates for build stages
- Access restrictions.
- Asbestos and dangers on site and how they will be managed.
- Site security, compound arrangements and supervision details
18
Q
What are the regulations concerning Lead?
A
- Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002
19
Q
When was lead banned in paintwork?
A
- Banned for consumer use in 1988
- Banned for all uses in 1992
20
Q
What materials/surfaces/work would you consider being high risk of Lead Paint?
A
- Removing paint coatings on properties built before the 1980’s
- Stripping old paint using blow lamps or torches
- Dry sanding old paint
21
Q
What are the health effects of lead?
A
- Changes in the blood which might lead to anaemia
- Effects on the nervous system
- Effects on the kidney
- Effects of infertility in males
22
Q
What are the methods for testing for lead?
A
- Chemical test kits
- Portable X-Ray florescence Isotope (XRF-i)
- Laboratory analysis
23
Q
What safety measures would you expect to be in place when stripping lead coatings?
A
- Suitable PPE and RPE – overalls and a FFP3 Mask
- RPE – respiratory protective equipment
- Using wet abrasive techniques
- On tool extraction, not passive capture bags
- Provide washing and changing facilities and places free from contamination to eat and drink
24
Q
What is the occupational exposure limit in the air set out in the regulations?
A
- 0.15mg/m3
25
Q
What is significant exposure?
A
- Where an employee is or is liable to be exposed to a concentration of lead in the atmosphere exceeding half the occupational control limit (0.15mg/m3 ÷ 2 = 0.075mg/m3)
- Where there is a substantial risk of the employee ingesting lead.
26
Q
What additional measures would you expect to be in place when working with significant amounts of lead?
A
- Issue protective clothing and put laundering arrangements in place
- Monitor lead-in-air concentrations
- Place the employees under medical surveillance – blood tests taken every three months (could be more often depending on nature of work)
27
Q
What are the Action and Suspension levels when blood tests are undertaken?
A
- Measured in micrograms per decilitre (µg/dL)
- Action levels – concentrations of lead in the blood below the suspension limit, if these are reached the employer must:
Carry out an investigation
Review the control measures
Take steps to reduce the employee’s blood-lead concentration below the action level. - Suspension level – the level of lead in blood or urine at which employees are normally taken off work which exposes them to lead.
- General employees - 50 µg/dL action level, 60 µg/dL suspension level
- Women of child bearing age – 25 µg/dL action level, 30 µg/dL suspension level
- Young people under 18 other than (a) – 40 µg/dL action level, 50 µg/dL suspension level
28
Q
What is Asbestos?
A
- A naturally occurring silicate mineral, popular in the late 19th century as a building material due to its sound absorption, tensile strength, resistance to heat, fire, electrical and chemical damage.
29
Q
Where would you find asbestos?
A
- Asbestos Cement, asbestos insulating board, roof sheets, floor and ceiling tiles, gaskets, pipe insulation, sprayed lagging, water tanks, soffit/fascia boards, textured coatings.
30
Q
What are the 3 main types of asbestos?
A
- Chrysotile - White
- Crocidolite - Blue
- Amosite – Brown
31
Q
What types of asbestos survey are you aware of?
A
- Management Survey
- Refurbishment and Demolition Survey
32
Q
What are the risk factors for legionella?
A
- Water stored or recirculated
- Water temperature in all or part of a system between 20-450C
- Where water droplets can be disbursed i.e. showers, saunas
33
Q
When is legionella killed?
A
- Cannot survive above 60°C
34
Q
What is the Fire Regulatory Reform Order?
A
- The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
- Requires that a responsible person must carry out and keep up to date, a risk assessment and implement appropriate measures to minimise the risk the risk to life and property from fire.
35
Q
What is working at height?
A
- Work in any place where, if no precautions were taken, a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury.
36
Q
What is the regulations for Working at Height?
A
- Work at Height Regulations 2005
37
Q
What should you do before you consider working at height?
A
- Avoid work at height where practicable to do so
- Where work cannot be avoided, prevent falls using an existing place of work that is already safe or the right type of equipment
- Minimise the distance and consequences of a fall, by using the right type of equipment where risk cannot be eliminated.
38
Q
What is the correct angle of a ladder?
A
- 75 degrees, should use the 1 in 4 rule i.e. 1 unit out for every 3 units up.
39
Q
How far should a ladder extend above the surface you wish to access?
A
- Ladder should extend at least 1m above the landing point.
40
Q
What other measures could you take when using a ladder?
A
- Have someone ‘foot’ the ladder
- Is the ladder suitable for its intended use – Class 1 industrial ladder
- Use standoff bars instead of supporting the ladder on fragile materials i.e. PVCu gutters
- Ensure the ladder extends at least 1m above the surface I wish to access.
41
Q
What would you do before using a ladder?
A
- Conduct a pre-use check, looking for:
Twist, bent or dented stiles;
Cracked, worn, bent or loose rungs
Missing or damaged tie rods
Cracked or damaged welded joints, loose rivets or damaged stays
42
Q
What are the heights of a scaffold edge protection?
A
- Minimum height of 950mm
- Intermediate rail with gaps either side of no more than 470mm
- A toe board installed
43
Q
What are the heights of handrails of balconies etc.?
A
- 1100mm
44
Q
How would you know a scaffold was safe to use?
A
- Constructed to a generally recognised standard configuration i.e. TG20:13, a system scaffold, or a bespoke scaffold
- Inspected and a handover certificate provided
- Scaffold tags with notes of weekly inspection dates.
45
Q
What is TG20:13?
A
- The National Access and Scaffolding Confederations (NASC) scaffold design technical guidance
46
Q
What scaffold inspections should be undertaken?
A
- Following installation/before any first use.
- At an interval of no more than every 7 days thereafter.
- Following any circumstances liable to jeopardise the safety of the installation e.g. high winds.
47
Q
How would you know a scaffolder was competent?
A
- Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme (CISRS) – scaffolders have to be a member and provide a card
48
Q
What did you consider when using a MEWP?
A
- Height required
- Application – appropriate MEWP for the job
- Ground conditions
- Operators – competent, trained etc.
- Obstructions – protruding features, powerlines etc.
- Traffic - any management procedures/measures required.
- Restraint – do you need work restraint
- Checks – has the MEWP been inspected and maintained, including daily checks
49
Q
RICS SURVEYING SAFELY GUIDANCE NOTE
What is the latest guidance note for surveying safely?
A
- Surveying Safely: Health and Safety Principles for Property Professionals – 2nd Edition, November 2018
50
Q
What are RICS regulated firms expected to do to ensure the Health, safety and welfare of people at work?
A
- Provide:
Safe working environment.
Safe work equipment.
Safe systems of work.
Competent staff.
51
Q
How do you assess risk?
A
- Identify the hazards
- Decide who might be harmed and how
- Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
- Record the findings and implement them
- Review the assessment and update as necessary
- Advise all affected of the outcome of the assessment, methods of work or other control methods
52
Q
What is the Hierarchy of Risk control?
A
- Elimination – redesign the activity so hazard is removed.
- Substitution – replace materials i.e. pre-prepared components over on site fabrication
- Engineering controls – use work equipment or other methods to control risks i.e. install edge protection, local exhaust ventilation etc.
- Administrative control – procedures to work safely i.e. prevent lone working, reducing time workers are exposed to hazards.
- PPE – the last resort, use of work equipment to minimise risk i.e. buddy systems to prevent lone working, use of harnesses
53
Q
How would you set out a risk assessment and evaluate the risks?
A
- Use a matrix plotting severity of outcome vs likelihood of occurrence, on a scale of 1 to 3 on each axis
- Risks of 9 needs to eliminated or reduced
- Risks of 4-6 also need to be reduced
- Risk assessment values of 2-3 can have control measures implemented, with information provided to those at risk.
- Risks of 1 are not considered to be significant
54
Q
What would you do before undertaking a visit to a premises or a site?
A
- Undertake a pre-assessment of hazards and risks likely to be encountered
- Request as much information as possible from the client as possible
- Checklist of matters to consider is located within the surveying safely guidance, this includes:
Travelling to and from site – planning journey, parking etc.
Lone working procedures
Condition of the property – damage/unsafe areas, site rules, requirement for PPE
Occupation – safeguarding, occupants, neighbours
Activity – for what purpose is the site occupied, factory, retail etc.
Site rules and welfare – emergency arrangements
Roofs – is it necessary to go on the roofs? Guarding, edge protection
Presence of asbestos containing materials
55
Q
What PPE might you wear to site?
A
- Gloves
- Hard hat
- Ear defenders
- Eye protection
- Safety footwear
- High visibility clothing
56
Q
What is a permit to work?
A
- Where proposed work is identified as being high risk and strict controls are required, the work must be carried out against previously agreed safety procedures.
- Authorises certain people to carry out specific work within a time frame, requires a declaration from the people authorising and carrying out the work.
57
Q
What would you do when visiting a property contaminated with asbestos?
A
- Request copies of the asbestos register, R&D and Management surveys
- Where removals have recently been undertaken, request a copy of the re-occupation air test certificate
- Consider appropriate PPE
- Advise others on the intention to visit the property, if necessary seek further advice.
58
Q
What are the regulations controlling noise?
A
- Control of Noise at Work regulations 2005
59
Q
What do the noise regulations require an employer to do?
A
- Take action a certain action values, these values are:
Lower exposure action values - Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
- Peak sound pressure of 135 dB
Upper exposure action values - Daily or weekly exposure of 85 dB
- Peak sound pressure of 137 dB
- Employers must ensure the exposure limit values are not exceed
Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
Peak sound pressure of 140 dB
60
Q
What control could be undertaken on site to reduce noise?
A
- Reduce the need for cutting etc. on site
- Fit compressors on equipment
- Substituting or modifying the equipment used
- Move workers away from the sources of noise
- Installation of enclosures
- Avoid metal on metal impacts
61
Q
What is COSHH?
A
- Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
- A requirement to undertake a COSHH assessment of the workplace, assessing what work involves hazardous substances, how can these cause harm, how can you reduce the risk of harm occurring
