Health & Safety Flashcards
1
Q
Mottingham – What did you include in pre-construction info?
A
- H&S information pertinent to the project:
o Falls from height – appropriate provision of scaffolding
o Service locations – A/C units on the roof
o Potential asbestos – provided the asbestos register
o Site security – site compound to be secured using hoarding / fencing - Information provided by the client:
o Asbestos register
o Access audit
o Location of services
2
Q
What design risks did you identify?
A
- Falls from height – specified scaffolding and edge protection
- Potential asbestos – instructed R&D survey
- Hot works not undertaken as it was a liquid system
3
Q
Mottingham – how did you assess the CPHSP was suitably developed?
A
- Reviewed and ensured it contained the following information:
o Job details including general overview and location of works
o Projected programme of works
o Details on asbestos
o Details on existing hazardous materials
o Responsibilities – H&S goals
Accident free job
Minimise COVID-19 infection
Cooperative workforce alongside operation of the school
Challenging all unsafe practices
o Project directory incl sub-contractor details and job roles
o Site set-up information including compound, welfare, scaffold, storage & skip
o Details of risk assessment and methods statements
o DBS details – which were passed and noted with the school
o Fire safety plan
4
Q
What health and safety regulations are you aware of?
A
- Health and Safety at Work at 1974
5
Q
What are the six pack regulations? (MSM – WPW)
A
- Managing for health and safety
- Safe use of work equipment
- Manual handing
- Workplace health, safety and welfare
- Personal protective equipment at work
- Work with display screen equipment
6
Q
What is the purpose of a FRA?
A
- Identify fire hazards and people at risk
- Determine the safety measures and management policies necessary to ensure the safety of people in the building by;
- Reducing the probability of a fire starting,
- ensuring all occupants are alerted and can leave the premises,
- Limiting the effects should a fire occur.
7
Q
What are the principles of prevention?
A
- Avoid risk where possible
- Evaluate risks that cannot be avoided
- Put in place proportionate measures that control them at source
8
Q
What is the hierarchy of risk control?
A
- Elimination
- Substitution
- Engineering Controls
- Administrative Controls
- PPE
9
Q
What types of risks are you aware of?
A
- Working at height
- Asbestos
- Fire safety
- Substances and chemicals
- Manual handling
- Etc.
10
Q
Who are the parties under the CDM REGULATIONS?
A
- Client
- Principal Contractor
- Principal Designer
- Designer
- Contractor
11
Q
What are the duties of the client under CDM?
A
- Allocate sufficient time and resources
- Appoint the principal designer and principal contractor on projects involving more than one contractor.
- Ensure the principal designer and principal contractor carry out their duties
- Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided
- Provide the pre-construction information
- Ensure the principal contractor provides a construction phase plan
- Ensure the Principal Designer prepares the Health and Safety File
12
Q
What are the duties of the principal contractor under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate the entire Construction Phase
- Prepare a written construction phase plan
- Prevent unauthorised access to the site
- Ensure suitable welfare facilities are provided for the duration of the works
- Consult and engage with workers about their health, safety and welfare
- Check that anyone they appoint has the skills, knowledge, and experience to carry out the work safely.
13
Q
What are the duties of the principal designer under CDM?
A
- Plan, manage, monitor and co-ordinate Health and Safety in the Pre-construction phase.
- Help and advise the client in the production of the pre-construction information
- Work with designers to eliminate foreseeable safety risks, where this is not possible, take steps to reduce or control these risks.
- Ensure that everyone involved in the Pre-Construction phase communicates and cooperates.
14
Q
What are the HSE notification requirements?
A
- A project is notifiable if the project is to last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any one point; or,
- Exceed 500 person days
15
Q
What does the Pre-Construction Information contain?
A
- Health and safety information the client has or obtains, necessary for work to be carried out safely
- E.g. ground conditions, working at height, hazardous materials, service locations
16
Q
What is a competent person?
A
- Someone with sufficient training, skills and experience.
17
Q
Contents of a construction phase H&S plan
A
- Start and finish dates, including key dates for build stages
- Access restrictions.
- Asbestos and dangers on site and how they will be managed.
- Site security, compound arrangements and supervision details
18
Q
What are the regulations concerning Lead?
A
- Control of Lead at Work Regulations 2002
19
Q
When was lead banned in paintwork?
A
- Banned for consumer use in 1988
- Banned for all uses in 1992
20
Q
What materials/surfaces/work would you consider being high risk of Lead Paint?
A
- Removing paint coatings on properties built before the 1980’s
- Stripping old paint using blow lamps or torches
- Dry sanding old paint
21
Q
What are the health effects of lead?
A
- Changes in the blood which might lead to anaemia
- Effects on the nervous system
- Effects on the kidney
- Effects of infertility in males
22
Q
What are the methods for testing for lead?
A
- Chemical test kits
- Portable X-Ray florescence Isotope (XRF-i)
- Laboratory analysis
23
Q
What safety measures would you expect to be in place when stripping lead coatings?
A
- Suitable PPE and RPE – overalls and a FFP3 Mask
- RPE – respiratory protective equipment
- Using wet abrasive techniques
- On tool extraction, not passive capture bags
- Provide washing and changing facilities and places free from contamination to eat and drink
24
Q
What is the occupational exposure limit in the air set out in the regulations?
A
- 0.15mg/m3
25
What is significant exposure?
- Where an employee is or is liable to be exposed to a concentration of lead in the atmosphere exceeding half the occupational control limit (0.15mg/m3 ÷ 2 = 0.075mg/m3)
- Where there is a substantial risk of the employee ingesting lead.
26
What additional measures would you expect to be in place when working with significant amounts of lead?
- Issue protective clothing and put laundering arrangements in place
- Monitor lead-in-air concentrations
- Place the employees under medical surveillance – blood tests taken every three months (could be more often depending on nature of work)
27
What are the Action and Suspension levels when blood tests are undertaken?
- Measured in micrograms per decilitre (µg/dL)
- Action levels – concentrations of lead in the blood below the suspension limit, if these are reached the employer must:
Carry out an investigation
Review the control measures
Take steps to reduce the employee’s blood-lead concentration below the action level.
- Suspension level – the level of lead in blood or urine at which employees are normally taken off work which exposes them to lead.
- General employees - 50 µg/dL action level, 60 µg/dL suspension level
- Women of child bearing age – 25 µg/dL action level, 30 µg/dL suspension level
- Young people under 18 other than (a) – 40 µg/dL action level, 50 µg/dL suspension level
28
What is Asbestos?
- A naturally occurring silicate mineral, popular in the late 19th century as a building material due to its sound absorption, tensile strength, resistance to heat, fire, electrical and chemical damage.
29
Where would you find asbestos?
- Asbestos Cement, asbestos insulating board, roof sheets, floor and ceiling tiles, gaskets, pipe insulation, sprayed lagging, water tanks, soffit/fascia boards, textured coatings.
30
What are the 3 main types of asbestos?
- Chrysotile - White
- Crocidolite - Blue
- Amosite – Brown
31
What types of asbestos survey are you aware of?
- Management Survey
- Refurbishment and Demolition Survey
32
What are the risk factors for legionella?
- Water stored or recirculated
- Water temperature in all or part of a system between 20-450C
- Where water droplets can be disbursed i.e. showers, saunas
33
When is legionella killed?
- Cannot survive above 60°C
34
What is the Fire Regulatory Reform Order?
- The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
- Requires that a responsible person must carry out and keep up to date, a risk assessment and implement appropriate measures to minimise the risk the risk to life and property from fire.
35
What is working at height?
- Work in any place where, if no precautions were taken, a person could fall a distance liable to cause personal injury.
36
What is the regulations for Working at Height?
- Work at Height Regulations 2005
37
What should you do before you consider working at height?
- Avoid work at height where practicable to do so
- Where work cannot be avoided, prevent falls using an existing place of work that is already safe or the right type of equipment
- Minimise the distance and consequences of a fall, by using the right type of equipment where risk cannot be eliminated.
38
What is the correct angle of a ladder?
- 75 degrees, should use the 1 in 4 rule i.e. 1 unit out for every 3 units up.
39
How far should a ladder extend above the surface you wish to access?
- Ladder should extend at least 1m above the landing point.
40
What other measures could you take when using a ladder?
- Have someone ‘foot’ the ladder
- Is the ladder suitable for its intended use – Class 1 industrial ladder
- Use standoff bars instead of supporting the ladder on fragile materials i.e. PVCu gutters
- Ensure the ladder extends at least 1m above the surface I wish to access.
41
What would you do before using a ladder?
- Conduct a pre-use check, looking for:
Twist, bent or dented stiles;
Cracked, worn, bent or loose rungs
Missing or damaged tie rods
Cracked or damaged welded joints, loose rivets or damaged stays
42
What are the heights of a scaffold edge protection?
- Minimum height of 950mm
- Intermediate rail with gaps either side of no more than 470mm
- A toe board installed
43
What are the heights of handrails of balconies etc.?
- 1100mm
44
How would you know a scaffold was safe to use?
- Constructed to a generally recognised standard configuration i.e. TG20:13, a system scaffold, or a bespoke scaffold
- Inspected and a handover certificate provided
- Scaffold tags with notes of weekly inspection dates.
45
What is TG20:13?
- The National Access and Scaffolding Confederations (NASC) scaffold design technical guidance
46
What scaffold inspections should be undertaken?
- Following installation/before any first use.
- At an interval of no more than every 7 days thereafter.
- Following any circumstances liable to jeopardise the safety of the installation e.g. high winds.
47
How would you know a scaffolder was competent?
- Construction Industry Scaffolders Record Scheme (CISRS) – scaffolders have to be a member and provide a card
48
What did you consider when using a MEWP?
- Height required
- Application – appropriate MEWP for the job
- Ground conditions
- Operators – competent, trained etc.
- Obstructions – protruding features, powerlines etc.
- Traffic - any management procedures/measures required.
- Restraint – do you need work restraint
- Checks – has the MEWP been inspected and maintained, including daily checks
49
RICS SURVEYING SAFELY GUIDANCE NOTE
What is the latest guidance note for surveying safely?
- Surveying Safely: Health and Safety Principles for Property Professionals – 2nd Edition, November 2018
50
What are RICS regulated firms expected to do to ensure the Health, safety and welfare of people at work?
- Provide:
Safe working environment.
Safe work equipment.
Safe systems of work.
Competent staff.
51
How do you assess risk?
- Identify the hazards
- Decide who might be harmed and how
- Evaluate the risks and decide on precautions
- Record the findings and implement them
- Review the assessment and update as necessary
- Advise all affected of the outcome of the assessment, methods of work or other control methods
52
What is the Hierarchy of Risk control?
1. Elimination – redesign the activity so hazard is removed.
2. Substitution – replace materials i.e. pre-prepared components over on site fabrication
3. Engineering controls – use work equipment or other methods to control risks i.e. install edge protection, local exhaust ventilation etc.
4. Administrative control – procedures to work safely i.e. prevent lone working, reducing time workers are exposed to hazards.
5. PPE – the last resort, use of work equipment to minimise risk i.e. buddy systems to prevent lone working, use of harnesses
53
How would you set out a risk assessment and evaluate the risks?
- Use a matrix plotting severity of outcome vs likelihood of occurrence, on a scale of 1 to 3 on each axis
- Risks of 9 needs to eliminated or reduced
- Risks of 4-6 also need to be reduced
- Risk assessment values of 2-3 can have control measures implemented, with information provided to those at risk.
- Risks of 1 are not considered to be significant
54
What would you do before undertaking a visit to a premises or a site?
- Undertake a pre-assessment of hazards and risks likely to be encountered
- Request as much information as possible from the client as possible
- Checklist of matters to consider is located within the surveying safely guidance, this includes:
Travelling to and from site – planning journey, parking etc.
Lone working procedures
Condition of the property – damage/unsafe areas, site rules, requirement for PPE
Occupation – safeguarding, occupants, neighbours
Activity – for what purpose is the site occupied, factory, retail etc.
Site rules and welfare – emergency arrangements
Roofs – is it necessary to go on the roofs? Guarding, edge protection
Presence of asbestos containing materials
55
What PPE might you wear to site?
- Gloves
- Hard hat
- Ear defenders
- Eye protection
- Safety footwear
- High visibility clothing
56
What is a permit to work?
- Where proposed work is identified as being high risk and strict controls are required, the work must be carried out against previously agreed safety procedures.
- Authorises certain people to carry out specific work within a time frame, requires a declaration from the people authorising and carrying out the work.
57
What would you do when visiting a property contaminated with asbestos?
- Request copies of the asbestos register, R&D and Management surveys
- Where removals have recently been undertaken, request a copy of the re-occupation air test certificate
- Consider appropriate PPE
- Advise others on the intention to visit the property, if necessary seek further advice.
58
What are the regulations controlling noise?
- Control of Noise at Work regulations 2005
59
What do the noise regulations require an employer to do?
- Take action a certain action values, these values are:
Lower exposure action values
* Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
* Peak sound pressure of 135 dB
Upper exposure action values
* Daily or weekly exposure of 85 dB
* Peak sound pressure of 137 dB
- Employers must ensure the exposure limit values are not exceed
Daily or weekly exposure of 80 dB
Peak sound pressure of 140 dB
60
What control could be undertaken on site to reduce noise?
- Reduce the need for cutting etc. on site
- Fit compressors on equipment
- Substituting or modifying the equipment used
- Move workers away from the sources of noise
- Installation of enclosures
- Avoid metal on metal impacts
61
What is COSHH?
- Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 2002
- A requirement to undertake a COSHH assessment of the workplace, assessing what work involves hazardous substances, how can these cause harm, how can you reduce the risk of harm occurring
