Health Coaching and Brief Interventions Flashcards
What are the key techniques that are used in health coaching?
- open questions
- affirmations
- reflective listening
- summaries
What are the principles of motivational interviewing?
- (engaging) building a connection and rapport
- (focusing), identifying a health behaviour goal
- (evoking)supporting patients to explore their situation further
- (planning) supporting patients to identify possible options/opportunities/resources
What is the key points of motivational interviewing?
Compassion - acting from a desire to support the patient
Acceptance - taking a respectful and non-judgemental approach
Partnership - working with the patient and recognising that the patient is the expert
Evocation - helping to identify the patient’s own perspectives and motivation
What are the key principles of health coaching?
- the patients assumed resourcefulness
- a relationship based on mutual trust and respect
- coaching is about change and action
What issues need to be considered in health coaching?
- can they retain information and evaluate decisions?
- whether the patient is manipulative/dishonest or they do not trust/respect you
- the patient needs to want to address their issues and be prepared to explore it
What expectations need to be set between the practitioner and patient during health coaching?
- practicalities (timings and location)
- confidentiality
- expectations of the roles
- know your own boundaries - ?referral
- a written record
What is ‘change talk’?
Using positive language
What is the structure of brief interventions?
- identify behavioural risk factor
- explain how best to change the high risk behaviour
- signpost how to obtain help
What are the benefits of VBEs?
- improves patients health
- reduces financial strain
- holistic approach
- cheap and simple to implement
- can be both in clinic and non-clinical settings
- no background in public health necessary
- tailor based on the patients needs
What are the risks of VBEs?
- causing offence
- worsening the behaviour
- resistant practitioners
- burden on practitioners
- training
- continuous follow up/support
- different cultural assumptions about the role of doctors
Why is nicotine addiction so common?
- inhaled nicotine from tobacco is more addictive than heroin and cocaine
- habit
- boredom
- stress
- social
- taste
- weight control
What is the psychobiology of nicotine addiction?
- highest affinity to alpha 4 beta 2 nicotinic receptors
- inhaled nicotine reaches receptors in 7-10 seconds
- triggers dopamine release
What are the main mediators of nicotine addiction?
Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) of the midbrain
What is the psychobiological impact of regular smoking?
- increases the number of receptors by 3-4 times
- LT, increases the likelihood of relapse
What % of deaths globally are due to: CVD, stroke cancer, chronic lung diseases, diabetes?
70% (WHO)
