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LMAP YR2 > Child Health > Flashcards

Child Health Flashcards

1
Q

What determines a child’s weight?

A
  • foetal nutrition

- maternal physical activity

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2
Q

What is physical activity in children associated with?

A

Improved:

  • CVD fitness
  • sleep
  • weight
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3
Q

What proportion of young children (4-5yo) are already overweight/obese?

A

1/5

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4
Q

What is the effect of inadequate foetal nutrition?

A

Irreversible cognitive/motor development

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5
Q

What is the impact of physical activity on the behaviour of a child?

A

Improved:

  • learning/academic achievement
  • executive functioning
  • stress/anxiety/depression levels
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6
Q

What factors can impact a child’s school readiness?

A
  • diet
  • physical activity
  • relationships
  • sleep
  • stress
  • social-economic status
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7
Q

What can help children develop physical literacy?

A

Engaging with inclusive, positive and meaningful physical activity that place value on both the physical and psychological benefits to health and wellbeing

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8
Q

What is the impact of physical activity on a child’s social nature?

A

Improved:

  • happiness
  • resilience
  • self-esteem
  • confidence
  • trust of others
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9
Q

What has a heavy impact on lifestyle behaviours?

A

Early interactions with parents/caregivers

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10
Q

What is the biggest risk factor for childhood obesity?

A

Parental obesity

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11
Q

What is an ACE?

A

adverse childhood experience

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12
Q

What are some examples of ACEs?

A
  • experiencing/witnessing abuse

- having a close family member who: misused drugs/alcohol, mental health problems, prison, separation or divorce

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13
Q

What are ACEs strongly associated with?

A
  • problematic drug abuse
  • violence
    ———
  • sexual risk taking
  • mental ill health
  • problematic alcohol abuse
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14
Q

What are the possible impacts of ACEs?

A
  • excessive chronic activation of stress response (system dysregulation)
  • impact epigenome and gene expression (temporarily/permanently)
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15
Q

What does orexin impact?

A
  • arousal state (cerebral cortex activation, involving LC neurons)
  • autonomic function
  • food intake
  • hormonal changes
  • glucose control
  • energy expenditure + metabolic rate
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16
Q

When is orexin at higher levels?

A

In those who need less sleep

17
Q

What is the effect of ageing on sleep?

A
  • sleep time decreases
  • becomes more fragmented
  • changes in type
18
Q

What is the change in sleep type between 2 months and infants?

A

From circadian sleep (cycles every 24 hours) to ultradian sleep (cycles within 24 hours)

19
Q

What change in sleep is seen in adolescents?

A

Circadian sleep delays

20
Q

What are circadian sleep delays associated with?

A

Increased light sensitivity

21
Q

What happens to sleep types after adolescence?

A

Circadian system advances (genetics, neuropeptide expression, lifestyle)

22
Q

What happens to sleep in the elderly?

A

Slowed melatonin production (unless still in good health)

23
Q

What are the most common sleep disorders?

A
  • insomnia

- obstructive sleep apnoea

24
Q

What sleep features are common in adolescence?

A
  • sleep walking
  • night terrors
  • sleep paralysis
  • nocturnal enuresis
25
Q

What health outcomes are moderately associated with ACEs?

A
  • smoking
  • heavy alcohol use
  • heart disease
  • respiratory disease
  • cancer
  • poor self-rated health
26
Q

What is health literacy?

A

When children engage in inclusive, positive, meaningful physical activity experiences that place equal value on both the physical and psychological benefits to health and wellbeing

27
Q

What is the LEAP criteria for implementing healthy habits?

A

Local, Enjoyable and Physical

28
Q

What is a Lifestyle Medicine Prescription?

A
  • A short, specific management plan
  • Addresses aspects of lifestyle
  • Is made in collaboration with the patient
  • Is built from good history taking, motivational interviewing, communication skills and brief intervention
  • Can safely be used alongside other management
29
Q

What health outcomes are weakly associated with ACEs?

A
  • Physical inactivity
  • Overweight or obesity
  • Diabetes
30
Q

What is the the ‘child in need’ plan?

A

indicates the need for local authority services to achieve or maintain a reasonable standard of health and development

31
Q

How do you prevent the long term effects of ACEs?

A
  • reducing stress
  • building responsive relationships
  • strengthening life skills
32
Q

What can ACEs cause?

A
  • toxic stress
  • excessive chronic activation of the stress response
  • system dysregulation (Child’s developing brain, immune system, metabolic regulatory systems, and cardiovascular system)

LMAP YR2 (10 decks)

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