Health Assessment part 2 Flashcards
Flu shot
Everyone 6 months an up should get the flu shot
Kids 6 to 8 should get 2 shots, 4 weeks apart
Live viruses should not be used if you’re under 2 or over 49, pregnant, high risk medical conditions, or if immunocompromised
If you have an egg allergy, you can still get the shot but you need to be monitored for 30 minutes afterward
HPV vaccine
Give to girls at age 11, with catch up vaccines at ages 13 to 26
HPV4 vaccine
given to males age 9 to 26
MMR
It’s a live vaccine
Not given to pregnant people, cancer, immunocompromised, HIV/AIDS with low T count, people taking steroids, people who recently had a blood transfusion
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertusis
Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertusis
Td should be given every 10 years starting at 11 years old. Tdap is used instead of Td once.
DTap should not be given to anyone older than 7
Shingles vaccine
Also known as herpes zoster. It’s an inflammatory condition, where painful vesicles occur along the nerves from dorsal root ganglia
Recommended for anyone 60 or older who has had chicken pox
Do not give if immunocompromised, HIV/AIDS with T cell less than 200, or if they’re on steroids.
Varicella vaccine
aka chickenpox
Not for pregnancy, HIV/AIDS less than 200 T cell, cancer, steroid use, recent blood transfusion
Women 18 to 39
Monthly: skin and oral self-exams
Annually: blood pressure, blood test, urinalysis, physical exam, pap smear (starting at 21 or within 3 years of sex) pelvic exam, STI
Cervical cancer starting at 25
Women 40 to 49
Monthly: skin and oral self-exams
Yearly: Blood pressure, blood tests, urinalysis, physical exam, pap smear (go down to every 2 to 3 years after 3 consecutive negative smears), pelvic exam, STI
4 years: EKG
Breast cancer screening recommended beginning at age 45, with the option to begin at age 40.
Cervical cancer screening recommended for people with a cervix.
Colorectal cancer screening recommended for everyone beginning at age 45.
Women 50 +
Monthly skin and oral self-exam
Yearly: Blood pressure, blood test, urinalysis, physical, pap smear (65 and older not recommended if they had a recent negative test and are not at high risk), pelvic exam, STI, mammography every 2 years, bone density screening starting at 65 (or starting at 60 if they have increased risk)
Cervical cancer screening recommended.
Colorectal cancer screening recommended. After 75 there’s not much benefit.
The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery.
Men 18 to 39
Monthly: testicles, skin, oral
Yearly: blood pressure, blood tests, urinalysis, physical
Screen at least yearly for syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea for sexually active LGBT men up to age 64
Everyone 13 to 64 should be tested at least once for HIV
Men age 40 to 49
Monthly: testicles, skin, oral
Yearly: Blood pressure, blood tests, urinalysis, physical
4 years: EKG
Colorectal cancer screening recommended for everyone beginning at age 45 (though the purple book says age 50)
At age 45, African Americans should discuss prostate cancer screening with a doctor.
Men 50 +
Monthly: testicles, skin, oral
Yearly: Blood pressure, blood tests, urinalysis, physical
3 years: ECG
Every 5 years from 50 to 75: Flexible sigmoidoscopy or double contrast barium enema or CT colonography. If any of these are positive, do a colonoscopy. Or you could do a colonoscopy every 10 years. After 75, there’s not much benefit.
The USPSTF recommends annual screening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) in adults aged 50 to 80 years who have a 20 pack-year smoking history and currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years. Screening should be discontinued once a person has not smoked for 15 years or develops a health problem that substantially limits life expectancy or the ability or willingness to have curative lung surgery.
Discussing prostate cancer screening with a doctor recommended.
Teaching patients about Exercise
If you are consistent, you’ll see results in 3 months
Work hard enough to sweat, but not so hard that you can’t carry on a conversation
Begin gradually
Do 30 minutes 3 to 5 times a week (The CDC recommends 150 minutes of aerobics per week plus 2 or more days of strength training, for adults and healthy older adults)
Incorporate aerobics and strengthening
The target heart rate for exercising is 60 to 90 % of the maximum
Children/adolescents should exercise at least an hour everyday
