Advanced Health Assessment Flashcards

Question

If a patient has a high temperature, which 2 meds might they be taking?

Answer 1

Carbamazepine and clozapine (which cause agranualocytosis, which causes fever)

Answer 2

lamotrigine and carbamazepine

Answer 3

``` Asymmetry Borders irregular Color variation Diameter greater than 6mm Elevation ```

Answer 4

Quetiapine

Answer 5

Pearly, translucent, no bulging or retractions

Answer 6

You usually cannot feel it unless the person is thin

Answer 7

antipsychotics and TCAs

Answer 8

Lithium, anorexia

Answer 9

Often not palpable, except for in thin clients

Answer 10

0.8 to 2.8

Answer 11

Grave's Hashimoto's Thyrotoxicosis due to T4 Acute thyroiditis

Answer 12

Cushing's Thyrotoxicosis due to T3 Renal failure Cirrhosis

Answer 13

Heparin, aspirin, propranolol

Answer 14

Furosemide (lasix), methadone

Answer 15

T3, aspirin, steroids, heparin

Answer 16

``` Everything is slower Confusion Headaches Syncope Fluid retention Muscle aches and stiffness Sensory disturbance (hearing) Ataxia Loss of amplitude in ECG ```

Answer 17

Labile Abdominal pain Dysrhythmias

Answer 18

Normal value 8.8 to 10.5 Low calcium = tetany/muscle excitability, alkalosis, hypoparathyroid, renal failure, pancreatitis, confusion, paresthesias of the mouth and digits, convulsions, prolonged QT interval, stomach cramps, hyperactive bowel sounds High calcium = hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, coma, metastatic cancer, acidosis, Addison's disease, fatigue, weakness, anorexia, nausea, constipation, behavioral change, renal impairment, Shortened QT interval, depressed T waves, bradycardia, heart block

Answer 19

``` Enzyme cofactor for blood clotting Hormone secretion Cell receptors Plasma membrane stability and permeability Nerve impulses and muscle contraction ```

Answer 20

It's mediated by 3 things: parathyroid, vitamin D, and calcitonin

Answer 21

High calcium is caused by growth in children, drinking too much milk, lithium, thiazide diuretics, antacids, and vitamin D Low calcium is caused by anticonvulsants, aspirin, calcitonin, steroids, heparin, laxatives, diuretics, albuterol, and birth control

Answer 22

135 to 145

Answer 23

acid-base balance membrane transport retaining/excreting water

Answer 24

hypervolemia, dehydration, diabetes insipidous, gastroenteritis, too much salt, adrenocorticosteroids, methyldopa, hydralazine, cough medication

Answer 25

addison's disease, renal disorder, vomiting/diarrhea, lithium, vasopressin, diuretics

Answer 26

lethargy, headache, confusion, anxiety, seizures, come, hypotension, tachycardia, decreased urine, weight gain, edema, JVD

Answer 27

convulsions, pulmonary edema, thirst, fever, dry membranes, tachycardia, restlessness

Answer 28

1.3 to 2.1

Answer 29

Cofactor in intracellular enzyme reactions It's regulated by the kidney

Answer 30

``` Addison's Adrenalectomy Renal failure Diabetic ketoacidosis Dehydration Hypothyroidism Hyperthyroidism Antacids, salicylates, lithium ```

Answer 31

``` Hyperaldosteronism Hypokalemia Diabetic ketoacidosis Malnutrition Alcoholism Pancreatitis Gi loss Malabsorption pregnancy induced HTN thiazide diuretics, calcium, insulin, neomycin, aldosterone, ethanol ```

Answer 32

``` depression confusion irritability increased reflexes but with muscle weakness ataxia nystagmus tetany convulsions ```

Answer 33

``` N/V muscle weakness and depressed contractions hypotension bradycardia respiratory depression depressed nerve functioning ```

Answer 34

98 to 106 the level changes according to how much sodium there is

Answer 35

``` acidosis hyperkalemia Hypernatremia dehydration renal failure Cushing's Hyperventilation Anemia Potassium chloride, acetazolamide, methyldopa, diazoxide, and guanethidine ```

Answer 36

``` aalkalosis hypokalemia hyponatremia GI loss Diuresis Overhydration Addison's Burns Elevated triglycerides Ethacrynic acid Furosemide thiazide diuretics bicarbonate ```

Answer 37

``` Regulates the intracellular environment Glycogen deposits in the liver and muscles Maintains resting membrane potential Conducts impulses Cardia rhythms muscle contractions ```

Answer 38

``` acidosis insulin deficiency Addison's Acute renal failure Hypoaldosteronism Infection Dehydration amphotericin tetraacycline heparin epinephrine K sparring diuretics isoniazid ``` vigorously pumping the hand hemolysis High platelet count

Answer 39

``` Alkalosis too much insulin GI loss laxative abuse burns trauma surgery cushing's hyperaldosteronism thyrotoxicosis anorexia Not eating enough meat and veggies furosemide, ethacrynic acid, thiazide, insulin, aspirin, prednisone, cortisone, gentamycin, lithium, laxatives ``` Sample left at room temp

Answer 40

``` muscle weakness paralysis tingling of lips and fingers restlessness intestinal cramping diarrhea Narrow/tall T waves Shorten T wave Depressed ST segment, prolonged PR interval, wide QRS complex leading to heart attack ```

Answer 41

``` impaired carb metabolism impaired renal function polyuria polydipsia weakness and no muscle tone dysrhythmias paralysis and respiratory arrest ```

Answer 42

Normal level = 5 to 35 Liver cancer, hepatitis, mono = Over 300 Many things can cause, like severe burns, pancreatitis = 100 to 300 Uremia and hemodialysis can falsely elevate the level These meds can truly elevate ALT: Acetaminophen, allopurinol, aspirin, ampicillin, carbamazepine, cephalosporins, codeine, digitalis, indomethacin, heparin, isoniazid, methotrexate, methyldopa, OC, phenothiazines, propranolol, tetracylcine, verapamil

Answer 43

Normal value = 5 to 40 2 to 3 times elevated = DTs, pericarditis, pulmonary infraction 3 to 5 times elevated = Biliary obstruction, arrhythmias, liver tumor, chronic hepatits 5 times elevated = Acute liver damage, acute pancreatitis, MI, shock, mono AST can be elevated by: exercise, HTN drugs, cholinergics, anticoagulants, digitalis, erythromycin, isoniazid, methyldopa, OC, opiates, salicylates

Answer 44

Normal = 10 to 38 We check the values to see if someone abuses alcohol. It can be elevated with alcohol, liver problems, heart problems, pancreas problems, DM, seizures High levels of GGT can be caused by alcohol, barbituates, and phenytoin Low levels can be caused by late pregnancy, OC, and clofibrate