Health and Human Disease Flashcards
The School of Cytogenetics and Radiation Research established at the
IARI
Excessive doses of drugs may lead to coma and death due to
respiratory failure, heart failure or cerebral hemorrhage
Sportspeople (mis)use narcotic _______, anabolic ___________, __________ and certain hormones in sports
analgesics, steroids, diuretics
Abuse of PED in adolescents may cause
stunted growth
Opioid receptors are present in
central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract
Heroin is taken by _________ or injection and is a depressent
snorting
Parts of cannabis used for making marijuana
flower tops, leaf, resin
Cannabinoid receptors are present on? It affects which system?
cannabinoid receptors are present principally in the brain
cardiovascular system
Tobacco has been used by human beings for more than _______ years. Nicotine stimulates the adrenal cortex to release
400
adrenaline and noradrenaline
Smoking causes cancers of?
lung, urinary bladder, throat, oral cavity
The malignant tumors, on the other hand, are a mass of proliferating cells called ________ or tumor
cells
neoplastic
Antibodies against _______ are also used for detection of certain cancers
cancer-specific antigens
AIDS was first discovered in
1981
AIDS symptoms usually appear in
5-10 years
First cells HIV enters into? Then enters which cells?
macrophages
helper T lymphocytes
Lymphoid organs are where ________ and _______ of lymphocytes occur
origin and/or maturation, proliferation
Primary lymphocytes are where lymphocytes differentiate into:
The secondary lymphoid organs provide
antigen-sensitive lymphocytes
the sites for interaction of lymphocytes with the antigen,
Where are all the blood cells produced
bone marrow
Spleen mainly contains __________ and ________
lymphocytes and phagocytes
Allergy is due to the release of histamine and serotonin from ________ cells
mast
The use of drugs like anti histamine, adrenaline and _________ helps maintin allergies
steroids
Which cells, based on memory, overwhelm pathogens
B and T
hep B vaxx is made using
yeast
Cells that can phygatose
PMNL- neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells (in blood)
macrophages in tissues
Which lymphocyte produces antibodies
B cells
Which lymphocytes mediate cell-mediated immunity
T cells
Who disproved the humor hypothesis
William Harvey
Cook who spread typhoid
Mary Mallon
Plasmodium initially multiplies through
liver cells
Plasmodium are stored in salivary glands of mosquitoes as
sporozoites
Plasmodium reproduces ___________ in RBC and liver cells
asexually
Plasmodium gametocytes are formed in? Where do they get fertilized?
RBC
mosquito gut
The Wuchereria pathogens are transmitted to a healthy
person through the bite by the ________ vectors
female mosquito
One of the most common infectious diseases in men
ringworm
Most infectious human ailments
common cold
Aedes mosquito diseases?
dengue and chikumgunya
natural killer is a type of
lymphocyte
Lymphocytes that produce antibodies?
B lymphocytes
Fetus receives antibodies through
placenta
Radiations lead to ___ transformation
neoplastic
___ is a psychological attachments to drugs
addiction
