Head and Neck (General) Part 5 Flashcards
Name the lig. that connects the mandible angle to the mastoid process.
Name the lig. connecting the mandibular ramus and the sphenoid bone. What is its function?
Stylomandibular lig.
Sphenomandibular lig.–One side restricts how far the other side of the mandible can project laterally
What is the infratemporal fossa?
it is the depression or fossa made by the temporal bone deep to the zygomatic arch.
Name the 4 contents of the infratemporal fossa.
Medial and lateral pterygoid muscles.
Maxillary artery (branch of the carotid) and its branches
Pterygoid (Venous) Complex
Mandibular n. (V3) and its branches.
What is the Parotid gland and where is it located?
Large salivary gland in front of the ear, directly beneath the skin.
What is the Pterygoid plexus? What other structure is it associated with? Why is this dangerous?
Big collection of veins. Emmissory veins that connect to the cavernous sinus in the skull which is a part of the Dural sinus. If an infection get from the cheek skin to the veins, the veins can carry the infection into the dural sinus and infect the dura mater.
Mandibular N has two roots. What are they and where do they cojoin?
Motor root and sensory root. The join at the Trigeminal n. ganglion.
Mandibular n. Branches
Main trunk–2 parts, name, target organ.
Anterior division–4 parts, names, target organ.
Posterior Division–3 parts, names, function.
(Caps lock are must know terms)
Main trunk–
Meningeal branch (sensory) Middle meningeal art.
NERVE TO MEDIAL PTERYGOID (MOTOR) TENSOR TYMPANI.
Anterior Division–
Nerve to Masseter (sensory to tmj and motor to muscle)
deep temporal n. (motor) temporalis muscle
n. to lateral pterygoid m. (motor)
BUCCAL N. (SENSORY TO SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE)
Posterior Division–
auriculotemporal n. (sensory and autonomic)
LINGUAL N. (SPECIAL SENSORY, TASTE, AUTONOMIC)
INFERIOR ALVEOLAR N (SENSORY AND MOTOR) INSIDE THE MANDIBLE
What is the relationship between the Lingual n. and the Inferior Alveolar n.?
The lingual n is continuous with the alveolar n moving distally.
The lingual nerve…What does it sense?
A second nerve hitches a ride on the lingual nerve’s back. What is it? and What does it do?
Lingual, V3. General sensation to the anterior 2/3 of tongue. Chord tympani (facial branch) joins for sensing taste in ant. 2/3 of tongue and parasympathetic secretion.
Auriculotemporal N….What region and organ does it innervate?
The parasympathics from what nerve hitch a ride on the auriculotemporal? Where is it going?
Auriculotemporal n. does sensation of the temple and ear.
Carries parasympathetics from Glossopharyngeal CN IX to the parotid gland.
Give a detailed account of the 4 steps the Facial N. (Chorda tympani branch) takes to get to the sublingual and submandibular glands.
Preganglionic nerves orginate in the brainstem nuclei and are carried by the facial n. CN VII.
The facial n. contributes a slender n. (Chorda tympani) containing parasympathetic fibers to join the lingual n. (CN III).
Parasympathetic preganglionic neurons of the chorda tympani n. synapse with parasympathetic post ganglionic neurons in the Submandibular Ganglion.
Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons distribute to the sublingual and submandibular glands.
How does one the orbit of the eye form?
The location of the bones is determined embryologically because the CNS grows first. The bones fuse sometime around birth.
Eyelid. What is the facial muscle that forms the eyelid? What n. innervates? What muscle lifts the eyelid? What n. innervates it?
Orbicularis Oculi–Palpebral part.
Facial n.
Levator palpebral superioris muscle.
Oculomotor n. CN III.
Eyelid.
What is the conjunctiva?
What covers the area?
Describe these glands. 3 things.
Conjunctive—Part of the posterior surface of eyelid. Covered in tarsal glands that secrete oil to increase lubrication.
They are modified sebaceous glands.
Increase the viscosity of tears.
If ;plugged, styes form.
What are the 5 components of the lacrimal apparatus?
Where do excess tears go?
Lacrimal gland–upper lateral. (creates tears)
Lacrimal Lake. (tears collect here on the eye)
Lacrimal canaliculi (the valve collecting tears out of eye)
Lacrimal sac. (gathers tears.)
Nasolacrimal duct (takes excess tears into nasal mucosa)
