HC 9 cultural psychology Flashcards
Emotions?
= transient (= short) neurophysiological reactions to events that have consequences for our
welfare and require an immediate behavioral response. –> They include feelings, but also
physiological reactions, expressive behaviors, behavioral intentions, and cognitive changes
What is the difference between mood and emotion?
Mood is not a short feeling but has a longer duration
Appraisal?
= what people make of the emotion
–> is important to understand what the emotion means
We have basic emotions and self-concious emotions?
= emotions that focus on the self, like pride or empathy, when having these emotions you are self-conscious
Is the function of emotions adaptive?
Shift from having emotions to how experience of normatively expected emotions is adaptive
universalism / relativism?
- Universalism: emotions are similar across cultures
- Relativism: emotions are different across cultures
View of Darwin on emotions?
Biological basis of emotions. Crying draws attention to you so caregivers can aid you.
Paul Ekman and the universality of emotions?
Basic emotions: anger, surprise, disgust, fear, joy, sadness = universal
–> Universality was investigated in terms of recognition, expression, subjective
emotional experience, coherence among emotional responses, emotion antecedents
(= the events that trigger a certain emotion), and appraisal processes
–> later added emotion: conrempt (minachting)
Criticism on the studie of Ekman?
- Only one positive basic emotion (only joy), which can explain the high rates of
recognition of joy - Forced-choice paradigm
- Ecological validity
- Context effects
- Choice of emotion words
–> when are the emotions universal? At which rate is it evident for universality?
influences of culture on emotion; front-end calibration?
regulation of basic emotions and how emotions are triggered; regulating what people become emotional about
- In a culture you learn to have emotions to events in your lives, basic emotions are
adaptable to many different contexts and events
- It depends on your culture if you perceive certain foods (like Herring) as disgusting or
as a delicacy
Influences of culture on emotion; bakc-end calibration?
cultural display rules: regulating emotional expressions and behaviors after emotions are elicited
–> after emotions are expressed an individual learns to modulate their emotional
reactions according to rules and norms of what is appropriate in a circumstance
Influences of culture on emotions; cultural calibration?
How emotional experiences are perceived; allows for the regulation of culturally appropriate emotional responses
Cultural decoding rules?
Culturally prescribed rules learned early in life that manage the perception and interpretation of other’s emotional expression
Hypo & hypercognition?
hypocognition: means having relatively few amount of
words to differentiate emotional states
hypercognition: means having many words to
differentiate emotional states
4 dimensions of Fontaine on culture and emotions?
Designed 3 two-dimensional models
- Valence x potency
- Valence x arousal
- Valence x unpredictability
–> most unpredictable is suprise
Represented in circles, and how smaller the circle, the more similar the respective terms are across the languages
–> Some emotions are clustered together as they are
similar
