✅HAZARDS Case Study - Tropical Storms, Typhoon Haiyan Flashcards

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1
Q

Where did the typhoon originate?

A

South China Sea, the Philippines

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2
Q

When did the typhoon occur?

A

November 2013

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3
Q

Why were storm surges increased?

A

Sea levels have risen by 20cm since 1990

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4
Q

Why was Tacloban particularly at risk?

A

It is at the edge of a bay and water was funnelled in during the storm surge, more than 4m high

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5
Q

Why were water levels in the Philippines higher?

A

Combined with rising sea levels, excessive groundwater abstraction lead to the land sinking

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6
Q

How many people were killed?

A

7500

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7
Q

How many people were affected?

A

9 million

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8
Q

How many were left homeless?

A

1.9 million

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9
Q

How many people were displaced?

A

6 million

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10
Q

Why were there so many casualties?

A

Due to a lack of aid in the area

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11
Q

Why did disease spread so easily?

A

Likely due to lack of food, water and shelter
+humidity and heat

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12
Q

How much was the overall cost of damage?

A

$12 billion

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13
Q

What major crops were destroyed?
How much?

A

Major rice and sugar areas
1.1 million tonnes

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14
Q

How much did the farm damage cost?

A

$85 million

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15
Q

What environmental losses were seen?

A

Forests were lost and widespread flooding

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16
Q

What was leaked into ecosystems?

A

Oil and sewerage

17
Q

Why were pollution levels higher?

A

Due to lack of sanitation

18
Q

What did the government declare?

A

A state of national emergency

19
Q

How did the number of workers in the Tacloban government change?

A

Went from 2500 workers to 70

20
Q

How many people were given food assistance?

A

4 million

21
Q

How many temporary learning site were set up?

A

140,000

22
Q

How many households received basic emergency shelter materials?

A

500,000

23
Q

What services were provided?

A

Healthcare, food and water

24
Q

How was disease prevented?

A

Hundreds of thousands of children were vaccinated

25
Q

How many families were given seeds?

A

44,000

26
Q

How many were given fertilisers to grow crops?

A

80,000 with the aim of feeding 800,000

27
Q

How many received tools and materials to rebuild homes?

A

55,000

28
Q

How much money was given in grants?

A

$23 million

29
Q

What did Save the Children do in the country?

A

Trained people in trade such as carpentry
Provided most vulnerable families with housing
Gave out seeds to plant vegetables
Taught children proper hygiene

30
Q

What did the US FAO do in the country?

A

Assisted farming and fishing families
Distributed goods and fertiliser
Encouraged women to sell hand made products
Trained 900 boat builders

31
Q

What environmental impacts were there?

A

Over 5 metre-high storm surges, damaged the airport
Caused heavy rainfall, 300mm
Much washed away

32
Q

How often does The Philippines encounter storms

A

Often
Haiyan was the 25th tropical storms in Filipino waters in 2013

33
Q

Failures in MPPP

A

Many residents weren’t familiar with the term storm surge (education)
Evacuation centres weren’t fit to withstand storm surge, people killed
The warning system issued a rain warning rather than a more serious typhoon warning

34
Q

Haiyan Intensity

A

Category 5 at landfall
Wind speeds 157 mph