✅HAZARDS Case Study - Tropical Storms, Typhoon Haiyan Flashcards
Where did the typhoon originate?
South China Sea, the Philippines
When did the typhoon occur?
November 2013
Why were storm surges increased?
Sea levels have risen by 20cm since 1990
Why was Tacloban particularly at risk?
It is at the edge of a bay and water was funnelled in during the storm surge, more than 4m high
Why were water levels in the Philippines higher?
Combined with rising sea levels, excessive groundwater abstraction lead to the land sinking
How many people were killed?
7500
How many people were affected?
9 million
How many were left homeless?
1.9 million
How many people were displaced?
6 million
Why were there so many casualties?
Due to a lack of aid in the area
Why did disease spread so easily?
Likely due to lack of food, water and shelter
+humidity and heat
How much was the overall cost of damage?
$12 billion
What major crops were destroyed?
How much?
Major rice and sugar areas
1.1 million tonnes
How much did the farm damage cost?
$85 million
What environmental losses were seen?
Forests were lost and widespread flooding
What was leaked into ecosystems?
Oil and sewerage
Why were pollution levels higher?
Due to lack of sanitation
What did the government declare?
A state of national emergency
How did the number of workers in the Tacloban government change?
Went from 2500 workers to 70
How many people were given food assistance?
4 million
How many temporary learning site were set up?
140,000
How many households received basic emergency shelter materials?
500,000
What services were provided?
Healthcare, food and water
How was disease prevented?
Hundreds of thousands of children were vaccinated
How many families were given seeds?
44,000
How many were given fertilisers to grow crops?
80,000 with the aim of feeding 800,000
How many received tools and materials to rebuild homes?
55,000
How much money was given in grants?
$23 million
What did Save the Children do in the country?
Trained people in trade such as carpentry
Provided most vulnerable families with housing
Gave out seeds to plant vegetables
Taught children proper hygiene
What did the US FAO do in the country?
Assisted farming and fishing families
Distributed goods and fertiliser
Encouraged women to sell hand made products
Trained 900 boat builders
What environmental impacts were there?
Over 5 metre-high storm surges, damaged the airport
Caused heavy rainfall, 300mm
Much washed away
How often does The Philippines encounter storms
Often
Haiyan was the 25th tropical storms in Filipino waters in 2013
Failures in MPPP
Many residents weren’t familiar with the term storm surge (education)
Evacuation centres weren’t fit to withstand storm surge, people killed
The warning system issued a rain warning rather than a more serious typhoon warning
Haiyan Intensity
Category 5 at landfall
Wind speeds 157 mph
