✅COASTS Case Study - Odisha ICZM

Question 1

What is an ICZM?

Answer 1

A continuous and iterative process designed to promote sustainable management of coastal zones

Question 2

What objectives do ICZMs bring together?

Answer 2

A means to accept and bring together different objectives for coastal areas in such an order that multiple social, economic, cultural and environmental goals can be achieved

Question 3

What goals does the Odish ICZM have

Answer 3

-Preserve biodiversity
-Provide livelihood security
-Pollution/ environmental quality management
-Improvement o& conservation of cultural/ archaeological assets

Question 4

Why did an ICZM work in Odisha?

Answer 4

Because a large area needed protection

Question 5

Where is Odisha?

Answer 5

The East coast of India

Question 6

How long is Odisha’s coast

Answer 6

480 km

Question 7

How much coast does the ICZM cover?

Answer 7

160 km

Question 8

Is Odisha a high energy coastline

Answer 8

Yes- only 14% is stable

Question 9

Where is more erosion happening in Odisha

Answer 9

The South, upstream. Therefore groynes not used to prevent causing more erosion in the north, downstream

Question 10

What hazards impact Odisha’s coast

Answer 10

Storm surges - 1999 cyclone made an 8m storm surge which killed 10,000- mangroves can help mitigate

Question 11

Why is sustainability so important for Odisha?

Answer 11

India is a developing country where carrying out work in an economical way to reach as many goals as possible is more sustainable

Question 12

Why are the local community stakeholders?

Answer 12

The live and work in the area, so any decisions made higher up will likely affect them and their livelihoods
Most of Odisha’s population live at the coast

Question 13

Why are ecologists and wildlife specialists stakeholders?

Answer 13

Wildlife and the environment may be damaged so care must be taken to ensure that as little damage as possible is done

Question 14

Why are local government officials stakeholders?

Answer 14

The ICZM will be carried out on state owned land, and could be partially or entirely funded by the government

Question 15

Why is the Odisha Tourism Development Corporation a stakeholder?

Answer 15

Tourism is a crucial industry in the area so any negative impact would have huge social and economic repurcussions

Question 16

Why is the Odisha State Pollution Control Board a stakeholder?

Answer 16

The pollution board was consulted so that any pollution caused by the ICZM could be controlled to reduce pollution in the air and water

Question 17

Why were the fishing community stakeholders?

Answer 17

Many people rely on the sea for their source of income, so fishing communities were consulted on the effects the ICZM may have on their business

Question 18

What area of mangroves in Odisha?

Answer 18

1435km2

Question 19

What is being done to improve environmental sustainability in Chilika Lake

Answer 19

3000+ fishing and tourist boats are being converted into into Eco-friendly vessels that no longer rely on diesel and other fossil fuels
Important to protect the lake’s biodiversity

Question 20

Example of biodiversity in Chilka Lake

Answer 20

Rare Irrawaddy dolphin
150+ bird species

Question 21

What is being done to provide livelihood security?

Answer 21

Alternative option set up for those who have lost their job
600+ self help groups set up in 80 fishing villages

Question 22

Why mangroves used

Answer 22

Easier and more environmentally friendly to install than sea wall
Can be sustainably managed by locals, e.g, communities have been trained to plant mangroves- have planted 200 hectares so far

Question 23

Which organisations were involved?

Answer 23

State government
World Bank
Ministry of environment, forest and climate change

Question 24

Why were mangroves necessary?

Answer 24

Mangroves provide habitats for endangered species such as the Olive Ridley turtle, as well as protecting the coast from erosion

Question 25

When was the ICZM pilot project?

Answer 25

2010 - 2015

Question 26

What are the benefits of planting mangroves?

Answer 26

Wind aswell waves reduced
Flooding impacts of storm surges reduced
Tsunami heights reduced
Roots bind and build soils
Cheap to plant

Question 27

What is resilience?

Answer 27

The capacity to recover quickly from difficulties

Question 28

What is adaption?

Answer 28

The process of change by which something becomes better suited to its environment

Question 29

What is mitigation?

Answer 29

Reducing the severity of something

Question 30

What are the landforms around Odisha like?

Answer 30

Many recent depositional landforms

Question 31

What is the coastline made up of?

Answer 31

6 deltas, ‘hexadeltic region’

Question 32

What is the Chilika lake like?

Answer 32

A salty lagoon, renowned for birdlife but less saline in monsoon season when diluted by rainfall

Question 33

Where does the sediment around Odisha come from?

Answer 33

The six deltas, sediment is fluvial

Question 34

How much of Odisha’s coastline is dynamic?

Answer 34

85.6%

Question 35

Why is adaption and mitigation needed in Odisha?

Answer 35

It is frequently hit by tropical storms, cyclones

Question 36

How does Odisha show resilience?

Answer 36

Because people still live there despite the cyclones and threat of coastal changes and erosion.

Question 37

How has the state adapted to the threats it faces?

Answer 37

It provides supplies ahead of any storms and staged evacuations are done every so often to mimic real evacuations. Warnings are broadcast of any incoming storms