Hand Muscles

Question 1

Superficial flexors of the wrist (essentially all come from medial epicondyle of humerus and are supplied by the median nerve except FCU), anterior compartment

Answer 1

Pronator teres, FCU, FCR, FDS, palmaris longus

Question 2

Deep flexors of the wrist, (anterior compartment) all supplied by anterior interosseous membrane

Answer 2

FPL, FDP, pronator quadratus

Question 3

Superficial extensors of wrist (posterior compartment) all posterior interosseous nerve except brachioradialis, all come from lateral epicondyle but ECRL and brachioradialis come from lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

Answer 3

ECRB, ECRL, ECU, brachioradialis, EDM, ED

Question 4

What are the deep extensors of the wrist (posterior compartment), all supplied by posterior interosseous nerve except supinator

Answer 4

EI, APL, EPL, EPB, supinator

Question 5

Abductors (radial deviation) of the wrist

Answer 5

ECRB, ECRL, FCR

Question 6

Adductors (ulna deviation) of wrist

Answer 6

ECU, FCU

Question 7

Origins, insertions and nerve supply of flexor carpi radialis

Answer 7

Origins: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertions: palmar surface of bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
Nerve supply: median nerve

Question 8

Origins, insertions and nerve supply of palmaris longus

Answer 8

Origins: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertions: flexor retinaculum and apex of palmar aponeurosis
Nerve supply: median nerve

Question 9

Origin, insertion and nerve supply of flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 9

Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus, medial border of olecranon, post border of ulna
Insertion: pisiform, hook of hamate, base of metacarpal 5
Nerve supply: ulna nerve

Question 10

Origins, insertions and nerve supply of flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 10

Origins: 2 heads from medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna, proximal 2/3 anterior border of radius
Insertions: side of palmar surface of middle phalanx of each finger
Nerve supply: median nerve

Question 11

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of pronator teres

Answer 11

Origins:medial epicondyle and coronoid process of ulna
Insertions: middle of lateral surface of radius
Nerve supply: median nerve

Question 12

What is the origin, insertion and nerve supply of flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 12

Origins: medial side of coronoid process and medial surface of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertions: by 4 tendons, base of palmar surface of signal phalanx of each finger
Nerve supply: anterior interosseous nerve

Question 13

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of flexor pollicis longus

Answer 13

Origin: anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseous membrane
Insertion: palmar surface base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve supply: anterior interosseous nerve

Question 14

Origins, insertions and nerve supply of pronator quadratus

Answer 14

Origins: distal part, anterior shaft of ulna
Insertions:distal part anterior shaft of radius
Nerve supply: anterior interosseous nerve

Question 15

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 15

Origins: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertions: post surface base of metacarpal 2
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 16

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of Extensor carpi radial side brevis

Answer 16

Origins: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions: post surface base of metacarpal 3
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 17

Origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 17

Origins: lateral epicondyle of humerus by shared aponeurosis, posterior border of ulna
Insertions: medial side base of metacarpal 5
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 18

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor digitorium

Answer 18

Origins: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions: 4 tendons: base and signal phalanges of each finger
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 19

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor digiti minimi

Answer 19

Origin: lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions: dorsal digital expansion of digit 5
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 20

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of brachioradialis

Answer 20

Origins: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus, ECRL also has this as one of its insertions
Insertions: lateral side of radius proximal to radial styloid process
Nerve supply: radial nerve

Question 21

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor indicis

Answer 21

Origins: post ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertions: dorsal digital expansion of index finger
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 22

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor pollicis longus

Answer 22

Origins: post surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertions: dorsal surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 23

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 23

Origins: post surface of middle ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertions: dorsal surface of base proximal phalanx of thumb
Nerve supply: posterior interosseous nerve

Question 24

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of abductor pollicis longus

Answer 24

Origins:post surface of ulna and middle radius, intervening interosseous membrane
Insertions: radial side base of metacarpal
Nerve supply: posterior interosseus nerve

Question 25

What are the origins, insertions and nerve supply of supinator

Answer 25

Origins: lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa and crest of ulna
Insertions: post NS surface of proximal 1/3 of ulna
Nerve supply: radial nerve

Question 26

What muscles are in the thenar eminence and what do they do

Answer 26

Flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens brevis, adductor pollicis they do precision movements and pincer grip

Question 27

What muscles are in the hypothenar eminence and what do they do

Answer 27

Abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi, opponens digiti minimi, palmaris brevis, they increase the hollow of the palm, grasp large objects and do opposition of the little finger (precision)

Question 28

What do the dorsal interossei do (DAB)

Answer 28

Dorsal abduct

Question 29

What do the palmar interossei do (PAD)

Answer 29

Palmar adduct

Question 30

What’s the function of the interossei

Answer 30

Extension of IP joints, flexion of MCP joints, abduction/ adduction of MCPS