Hand Flashcards
What nerve supplies the lateral 2/3 of the palmar aspect of the hand?
median nerve
What nerve supplies the dorsal aspect of the lateral 2/3 of the hand?
radial nerve
What nerve supplies the medial 1/3 of the hand?
ulnar nerve
What attaches to the apex of the palmar aponeurosis?
palmaris longus
What do the longitudinal fibers of the palmar apoenurosis blend with?
fibrous tissue in fingers
The fibrous tissue in the fingers supper ______ tendons, along with the synovial sheath.
flexor
What are the borders of the fibro-osseous tunnel in the fingers? What is contained within the tunnel?
Roof = fibrous tissue Floor = bone Contains = flexor tendons
What are the 3 regions of the hand
- Thenar
- Hypothenar
- Central
What muscles are within the thenar region?
- Flexor pollicis brevis
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Opponens pollicis
What muscles are within the hypothenar region?
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Palmaris brevis
- Opponens digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi
What muscles are in the central region?
- Adductor pollicis
- Palmar interosseous
- Dorsal interosseous
- Lumbricals
What is the axis of abduction and adduction in the hand?
The 3rd phalange
How many intrinsic muscles of the hand are there?
19
How many muscles in the hand are innervated by deep ulnar nerve?
13 1/2
How many muscles in the hand are innervated by the superficial ulnar nerve?
1 (if present)
How many muscles the hand are innervated by median nerve?
4 1/2
The synovial sheath surrounding the long flexor tendons are continuous with the synovial sheath covering the carpal region in what two phalanges?
1st and 5th
How many tendons are present in the carpal tunnel?
9
What are the 3 most common causes of CTS?
- Overuse of flexor tendons
- Penetrating wound to these tendons
- Pregnancy
What are the sensory signs and symptoms of CTS?
-numbness in lateral 3 1/2 fingers
What movements o the fingers and thumb will be effected in CTS?
- Opposition will not be present
- Flexion of thumb (slightly)
- Abduction of thumb (slightly)
Numbness in the palm of the hand and the fingers is a sign of CTS (T/F).
FALSE (NOT PALM)
A ______ palmar digital nerve is shared by 2 surfaces of fingers, whereas a _______ palmar digital nerve supplies one side of a finger.
common; proper
Where is the tunnel of guyon located, and what does it contain ?
just lateral to pisiform; contains ulnar nerve and artery
What is the superficial palmar arch formed by?
Superficial palmar branch of radial and superficial palmar branch of ulnar.
In ___% of the population the superficial palmar branch of radial is not present so the arch is just formed by the ulnar part.
30
What is the level of the superficial palmar arch?
Horizontal line parallel to thumb in full extension
What are the names the branches coming off the superficial palmar arch?
Common palmar digital
What are the names of the branches coming off the deep palmar arch?
palmar metacarpal aa.
The wrist is a _____ because it is comprised of many joints.
complex
Does ulnar or radial deviation have a larger range?
ulnar
The range of flexion and extension is about equal at the wrist (T/F).
TRUE
The _____-______ joint is between the radial distal end and the proximal row of carpal bones.
radio-carpal
What type of joint is the radio-carpal joint?
condylar
What type of axes does the radio-carpal joint have?
- antero-posterior
2. transverse
Where does the anterior-posteiror axis of the wrist pass?
capitate
Where does the transverse axis of the wrist pass?
styloid process of radius and pisiform
The ___-____ joint is between the proximal and distal row of carpal bones.
mid-carpal
What types of joints are the mid-carpal and the inter carpal joints?
gliding
What are the attachments of the lateral collateral ligament?
styloid process of radius and scaphoid bone
What are the attachments of the medial collateral ligaments?
styloid process of ulna and pisiform and triquetrum
Name an attachment of the radoiocarpal ligament.
pisiform
What movements are checked by the collateral ligaments?
Ulnar and radial deviation
What movements do the radio-carpal and ulno-carpal ligaments check?
check flexion and extension
The anterior and posterior inferior radial ulnar ligaments directly support the wrist complex (T/F),.
FALSE
The ______ ligaments connect carpal bones in the same row.
interosseous
The ___-____ ligaments stretch from proximal to the distal carpal rows.
mid-carpal
During flexion, the ROM is ___ degrees at the radio-carpal joint and ___ degrees at the midcarpal joint.
50; 35
During extension, the ROM is ___ degrees at the radio-carpal joint and ___ degrees at the mid-carpal joint.
35; 50
Carpo-metacarpal joints are ______ joints.
planar
What are the CMC joints supported by?
- inter-metacarpal ligaments
2. CMC ligaments
MCP joints are ______ joints.
condyloid
What are MCP joints supported by?
- deep transverse metacarpal ligaments
- palmar plates
- collateral ligaments
Interphalangeal joints are ____ joints.
hinge
What are IP joints supported by ?
- Collateral ligaments
2. Smaller palmar plates
