HAAR Flashcards
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Fuel Transfer Rates
500-1000 lbs per minute
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HAAR Airspeed
110-115 KIAS
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WARNING with HAAR Airspeeds (2)
Airspeeds less than 105 KIAS may cause drogue to become slightly unstable.
Also the tanker has a small margin for safety above power-off stall speed.
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Minimum Distance from ARIP to ARCP
6 NM
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ARCP Definition
Normally the earliest point the tanker can pass abeam the receiver.
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Four Stages of HAAR
1- Rendezvous (intercept/escort)
2- Join-up
3- Contact/Fuel Transfer
4- Post AAR
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Visibility
Visual and Electronic
Visual=3 NM
Electronic=1 NM
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Minimum Ceilings/Cloud Clearance
1000 ft of vertical clearance from the top or bottom of a broken/overcast ceiling during HAAR.
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RV Procedures Definition
Provides tanker means of transitioning from escort/intercept conditions to a position 1/2 NM in trail of receiver ready to begin join-up.
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Communications
When will receivers and tankers monitor primary and alternate AAR frequencies?
Minimum or 10 minutes prior to ARCT.
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Arrival at ARCP Timing
Both receivers and tankers should plan to arrive at ARCP on time, however:
-Receivers can be up to 1 minute early
-Tankers can be up to 1 minute late
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Receiver Low
Receiver High
Low=300ft
High=200ft
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Join-up Altitude
SHOULD be established by:
WILL be established by:
Should=ARIP
Will=ARCP
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Join-Up Procedures Definition
Enable the tanker to proceed from 1/2 NM in trail to the lead position.
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When can receiver maneuver to observation position?
Once the tanker has accepted the lead.
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Crossover Parameters
100ft aft (behind tankers vertical stabilizer)
50ft up (above tankers vertical stabilizer)
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WARNING
When can the tanker initiate a turn?
Only when receiver is established in either
1- Refueling
2- Echelon (observation)
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CAUTION
If drogue is rotating > 1 revolution per second what can it damage?
Probe nozzle lock ring.
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Types of RV
Bravo
Head-On
Tanker approaches receiver on reciprocal of refueling track.
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Types of RV
Delta
Head-on Offset
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Types of RV
Echo
Orbit
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Types of RV
Golf
En Route Overtake
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Types of RV
Hotel
Random
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Delta Rendezvous
Definition
Tanker approaches receiver on reciprocal of track with a 2-5 NM lateral offset, 3 NM is optimum.
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Echo Rendezvous
Definition
The only RV where the receiver maneuvers to affect the RV and join-up.
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Golf Rendezvous
Definition
Tanker approaches receiver from the rear.
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Hotel Rendezvous Requirement
VMC
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HAAR Formation Option 1
# of Tankers
# of Receivers
2 Tankers (one primary and one spare)
Up to 4 receivers
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HAAR Formation Option 2 (Trail)
# of Tankers
# of Receivers
At least 2 primary tankers and 1 spare tanker (if available).
More than 4 receivers.
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If transitioning to spare tanker, what are the primary’s actions?
1- Accelerate
2- Climb 500 ft
3- Rejoin the flight in the spare position at the end of the formation
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Lost Contact Procedures
Non-Mountainous
Primary: Maintain heading, accelerate to cruise airspeed, climb to MSA
Spare Turn right 45 degrees, accelerate to cruise airspeed, climb to MSA + 1000ft
Receivers
Turn left (20, 40, 60)
Climb to MSA+ (300, 600, 900)
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Lost Contact Procedures
Timing Start
Once an aircraft reaches its assigned altitude.
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Mountainous Terrain Definition
500ft change in surface altitude over 1/2 NM.
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EMCON 1 Definition
Any and all emitters.
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EMCON 2 Definition
Restricted R/T Communications.
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Which EMCON is the desired standard? for day to day HAAR?
EMCON 2
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EMCON 3 Definition
Silent R/T
Use of other emitters is authorized.
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EMCON 4 Definition
Emission Out. No emitters will be used unless specifically authorized.
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Light Signals
One Green Light
Cleared to contact and/or crossover.
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Light Signals
One White Light
Proceed to observation position.
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Light Signals
Two White Lights
Tanker directed crossover.
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Light Signals
One Amber Light
Prepare to turn.
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Light Signals
Two Amber Lights
Unable to pass fuel, go to spare.
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Light Signals
Multiple Red Lights
Breakaway
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Light Signals Receiver to Tanker
Reset Reel Response
1- Disconnect
2- Move outboard of the hose
3- Emit one steady light
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Light Signals
Receiver Preparing to Disconnect
Flashes position/formation light for 5 sec.
AFMAN11-2HH-60WV3
HAAR Minimum Altitude for Training
1000ft AGL/AWL
AFTTP 3-3
Join-Up Altitudes and Airspeeds Established No Later Than
ARIP
AFTTP 3-3
Astern Position Definition
1- 5 to 10ft aft of the drogue
2- Probe aligned for a run-in
3- Aircraft in trim
AFTTP 3-3
Fuel Flow Termination
Primary Method
Tanker’s automatic fuel shutoff.
AFTTP 3-3
WARNING
Associated with Simultaneous Refueling
2 receivers will not disconnect or maneuver for contact simultaneously.
AFTTP 3-3
Toboggan Technique
Establish a rate of descent between 300 to 500 fpm.
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Hard Hose (Dead Hose) Definition
Hose slack is not properly taken up on contact. Any resulting hose whip is likely to damage the receiver’s probe.
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Conditions that require a breakaway include, but are not limited to:
1- Excessive receiver closure rates
2- Receiver or tanker engine failure
3- Excessive fuel leak
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Receiver to Tanker Light Signals
Emergency Fuel Requirement Exists
1- Extended Probe
2- Visible landing or search light ON
3- IFF on Emergency
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WARNING
When can rotary wing receiver crews attempt probe-to-drogue contact in a turn at night?
If an emergency fuel condition exists.
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CAUTION
Which rotation direction of the drogue may unthread the probe nozzle?
Clockwise
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Tanker No Shows Receiver Actions
Continue along the refueling track at the join-up altitude until reaching the abort point or turn point (static track).
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Delta Rendezvous Electronic and Visual Procedure Options
Visual: Tanker may initiate their turn when the receiver is at the 10 o’clock.
Electronic: 3 minutes prior to ARCT, tanker will start their turn.
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Echo Rendezvous
Standard and Alternate Tanker Orbits
Standard: Tanker maintains orbit consisting of 6 NM legs with 1/2 standard rate turns. Results in 10 minutes for one complete orbit.
Alternate: Tanker orbits around a pre-briefed fixed point while maintaining a constant bank turn (usually 20 degree).
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Echo Rendezvous
Receivers Vertical Separation
Maintain 500ft vertical separation until tanker is in sight.
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Lost Contact Procedures
Non-Mountaineous
How long do you maintain adjusted heading?
30 seconds
