Gynecology Flashcards
The first test to perform when a woman presents with amenorrhea
Beta-hCG; the most common cause of amenorrhea is pregnancy
Term for heavy bleeding during and beteen menstual periods
Menometrorrhagia
Cause of amenorrea with normal prolactin, no response to estrogen-progesteron challenge, and a history of D&C
Asherman syndrome
THerapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome
Weight loss and OCPs. Consider metformin
Medication used to induce ovulation
Clomiphene citrate
Diagnostic step rquired in a postmenopausal woman who presents with vaginal bleeding
Endometrial biopsy
Indications for medical treatment of ectopic pregnancy
Patient stable; unruptured ectopic pregnancy of < 3,5cl at < 6 weeks’gestation
Medical options for endometriosis
OCPs, dnanzol, GnRH agonists
Laparoscopic findings in endometriosis
Powder burns, ‘chocolate cysts’
The most common location for an ectopic pregnancy
Ampulla of the oviduct
How to diagnose ande follow a leiomyoma
Ultrasonography
Natural history of a leiomyoma
Regresses after menopauze
A patient has elevated vaginal discharge and petcial patches in the upper vagina and cervix
Trichomonal vaginitis
Traitment of bacterial vaginosis
Oral metronidazole
The most common cause of bloody nipple discharge
Intraductal papilloma
Contraceptive method that protect against PID
OCP’s and barrier contraception
Unopposed estrogen is contraindicated in which cancers?
Endometrial or estrogen receptor-+breast cancer
A patient presents with recent PID with RUQ pain
Consider Fitz-Hugh_Curtis syndrome
Breast malignancy presenting as itchin, burning and erosion of the nipple
Paget disease
Annual screening for women with a strong family history of ovarian cancer
CA-125 and transvaginal ultrasonography
A 50-year-old woman leaks urine when laughing or coughing. Nonsurgical options?
Kegel exercise, estrogen, pessaries for stress incontinence
A 30-year-old woman has unpredictable urine loss. Examination is normal. Medical options?
Anticholinergics (oxybutynin) (or beta-adrenergics; weet niet of het in België ook is) for urge incontinence
Lab values suggestive of menopause
elevated serum FSH
The most common caurse of ffemale infertility
Endometritis
Two consecutive findings of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) on Pap smear. Follow-up evaluation?
Colposcopy and endocervical curettage
Breast cancer type that raises the future risk of invvasive carcinoma in both breasts
Lobular carcinoma in situ
