Gut Microbiota Flashcards
1
Q
What is a bacteria that can survive in stomach acid?
A
helicobacter pylori
2
Q
What is SIBO?
A
- overgrowth of bacteria in small intestine
- associated with IBS and drugs such as PPIs
3
Q
What are the defence mechanisms of the mouth?
A
- flow of liquids
- saliva
- anti-microbials
- microbiota
4
Q
What are the defence mechanisms of the oesophagus?
A
- flow of liquids
- peristalsis
5
Q
What are the defence mechanisms of the stomach?
A
- pH
- anti-microbials
6
Q
What are the defence mechanisms of the small intestines?
A
- flow of gut contents
- peristalsis
- mucus
- secretory IgA
- antimicrobial peptides
- microbiota
7
Q
What are the defence mechanisms of the large intestines?
A
- peristalsis
- mucus
- shedding/replication of epithelium
- microbiota
8
Q
What are 3 examples of bacteria found in GI tract?
A
- lactobacillus
- bifidobacterium
- bacteriodes
9
Q
Why is GI microbiota important?
A
- prevents colonisation of pathogens
- ferments unused energy substrates and mucus to produce useful metabolites
- synthesis and excretion of vitamins
- release of gut hormones (for digestion and metabolism)
- interact with immune system
10
Q
What illnesses are associated with low bacterial diversity?
A
- IBD
- psoriatic arthritis
- coeliac disease
- atopic eczema
- obesity
- mood disorders
11
Q
What are some factors that influence the microbiome?
A
- genetics
- food
- environment
- antibiotics
- drugs
