Drugs and Alcohol Dependency

Question 1

Describe the temperance model of addiction

Answer 1

• the substance has the power of addiction and the only way to stop it is to stop use of it quickly and completely
• the individual’s will is disease and therefore they lack control or power to resist

Question 2

Describe the moral model of addiction

Answer 2

• weakness and character defects are the result of addiction
• total responsibility is put on the individual
• biological basis of addiction rejected
• social and religious norms change over time
• we need to help people to make better decisions with education and deterrents

Question 3

Describe the disease model of addiction

Answer 3

• addiction is a medical disorder and affects both behaviour and brain
• certain people have a specific physiological process of addiction that leads to loss of control when drug is used
• people need to be identified and can not use substance

Question 4

Describe the medical model of addiction

Answer 4

• addiction is a disease with biological, neurological, genetic and environmental sources of origin
• number of potential physiological medical factors have been considered which put a person more at risk to problems
• assess and address risk factors

Question 5

Describe the psychodynamic models of addiction

Answer 5

• addiction are related to psychodynamic factors such as early childhood experiences of trauma
• needs psychotherapy to address underlying issues
• uses substances as maladaptive coping

Question 6

Describe sociocultural models of addiction

Answer 6

• social and environmental influences taken into account as causal factors or factors that place individuals at risk
• need to address factors

Question 7

Describe systems and family models

Answer 7

• reflects the beliefs and behavioural patterns handed down from your family
• individuals need substance misuse in order to function in their family or social systems
• for people to change, they need to consider relationships and change within the system
• more difficult for change due to system

Question 8

Describe learning models

Answer 8

• substance misuse is a learned behaviour that can be unlearned and replaced with a new behaviour
• the person is responsible for learning and practising

Question 9

Describe the features of psychological theories

Answer 9

• choice (a person chooses to engage in addictive behaviour)
• compulsion and self control (a person sometimes chooses to refrain from behaviour but fails to maintain it)
• learning mechanisms (sometimes behaviour results from a habit with conscious decision-making resulting in behaviours coming to be valued out of proportion to its benefits)

Question 10

Describe integrated theory of addiction

Answer 10

• based on multifaceted theory of motivation
• takes into account the biological, psychological and social elements
• accounts for varying forms of addiction
• relate addiction to other behaviours where strong desires overtake reason

Question 11

What are the 5P factors to consider in an addiction case?

Answer 11

• presenting
• predisposing
• precipitating
• perpetuating
• protective