guillain-barre syndrome Flashcards
1
Q
what is guillan-barree syndrome
A
an autoimmune and inflammatory damage to the PNS
-acute, generalized paralysis
2
Q
etiology of GB syndrome
A
- idiopathic= assumed mutation of MHC gene, HLA gene
- preceded by an infection (1-4 weeks)
3
Q
which infection mostly causes GB?
A
campylobacter jejuni (contaminated water, unpasturized milk, raw meat) -viruses as well (EBV)
4
Q
pathophysiology of GB?
A
antibodies and t-cells target myelin sheath= schwann cells damaged- cells that produce myelin in PNS
5
Q
manifestations of GB?
A
- infection may have subsided by time manifestations begin
- progressive, ascending muscle weakness and paralysis
- paresthesia—> tingling and numbness in periphery, spreads/progresses in ascending pattern
- deep muscle pain (shoulder and thigh) once spread
- complete paralysis if untreated
- resp failure
6
Q
diagnosis of GB?
A
- history
- physical (weak, tendon reflexes)
- electromyography —-> stimulate nerve to stimulate muscle and assess response of muscle
- CSF: PNS begins at spinal cord, some Abs will be present
- T cells and macrophages under microscope
7
Q
treatment of GB?
A
- life support
- plasmapheresis—> direct blood into apparatus that separates plasma (containing abs and myelinotoxic factors) from formed elements, and then replace toxic plasma with donor plasma ==== quite successful*** if done early
- IV igG
- 80-90% recover in 6-12 months
