Groups In The Periodic Table

Question 1

What are the names and symbols of all the metals in group 1?

Answer 1

Lithium Li
Sodium Na
Potassium K
Rubidium Rb
Caesium Cs
Francium Fr

Question 2

What is the appearance of lithium

Answer 2

dark grey solid

Question 3

What is the appearance of sodium

Answer 3

pale grey solid

Question 4

What is the appearance of potassium

Answer 4

dark grey solid

Question 5

What can be observed when lithium is freshly cut?

Answer 5

A shiny surface

Question 6

What can be observed when sodium is freshly cut?

Answer 6

A shiny surface

Question 7

What can be observed when potassium is freshly cut?

Answer 7

A shiny surface

Question 8

How hard is lithium to cut

Answer 8

It can be cut but is a bit tough

Question 9

How hard is sodium to cut regarding lithium?

Answer 9

Slightly easier to cut than lithium

Question 10

How hard is potassium to cut regarding sodium?

Answer 10

Easier to cut than sodium

Question 11

Why are group 1 metals stored in oil?

Answer 11

To stop them reacting with oxygen in the air

Question 12

Observations when lithium reacts with water

Answer 12

effervescence

Question 13

Observations when sodium reacts with water

Answer 13

effervescence

Question 14

Observations when potassium reacts with water

Answer 14

effervescence

Question 15

Observation when gas from lithium reaction is tested with a lit splint

Answer 15

a squeaky pop is heard

Question 16

Observation when gas from sodium reaction is tested with a lit splint

Answer 16

a squeaky pop is heard

Question 17

Observation when gas from potassium reaction is tested with a lit splint

Answer 17

a squeaky pop is heard

Question 18

General equation for Group 1 metal reaction with water

Answer 18

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 19

Word equation for lithium reaction with water

Answer 19

lithium + water → lithium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 20

Balanced symbol equation for lithium reaction with water

Answer 20

2Li(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Question 21

Word equation for sodium reaction with water

Answer 21

sodium + water → sodium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 22

Balanced symbol equation for sodium reaction with water

Answer 22

2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Question 23

Word equation for potassium reaction with water

Answer 23

potassium + water → potassium hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 24

Balanced symbol equation for potassium reaction with water

Answer 24

2K(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H₂(g)

Question 25

Order of reactivity of lithium

Answer 25

sodium

Question 26

Trend in reactivity as you go down Group 1

Answer 26

reactivity increases

Question 27

Reason for increased reactivity down Group 1

Answer 27

outer electron is further from the nucleus and more easily lost

Question 28

Will rubidium and cesium be more reactive or less reactive than potassium

Answer 28

more reactive

Question 29

Why are Group 1 metals called alkali metals

Answer 29

they form alkaline solutions in water

Question 30

What does “homonuclear” mean?

Answer 30

Molecules with the same type of atom.

Question 31

What does “diatomic” mean?

Answer 31

A molecule made up of two atoms.

Question 32

What is the definition of a molecule?

Answer 32

Two or more non-metal atoms covalently bonded.

Question 33

What is the appearance of fluorine at room temperature?

Answer 33

Yellow gas.

Question 34

What is the appearance of chlorine at room temperature?

Answer 34

Green gas.

Question 35

What is the appearance of bromine at room temperature?

Answer 35

Brown liquid.

Question 36

What is the appearance of iodine at room temperature?

Answer 36

Dark grey solid.

Question 37

What is the predicted appearance of astatine?

Answer 37

Dark grey solid.

Question 38

What is the trend in boiling points of halogens?

Answer 38

Boiling points increase as you go down the group.

Question 39

Why do boiling points increase in halogens?

Answer 39

Molecules get larger

Question 40

What is the trend in reactivity of halogens?

Answer 40

Reactivity decreases as you go down the group.

Question 41

Why does reactivity decrease in halogens?

Answer 41

Electrons are further from the nucleus

Question 42

What is the definition of a compound?

Answer 42

A substance with two or more different types of atoms chemically bonded.

Question 43

What happens when chlorine reacts with iron wool?

Answer 43

Iron glows brightly and reacts vigorously.

Question 44

What happens when bromine reacts with iron wool?

Answer 44

Iron glows and produces brown vapors

Question 45

What happens when iodine reacts with iron wool?

Answer 45

Least vigorous reaction

Question 46

What is the order of reactivity of halogens?

Answer 46

Chlorine > Bromine > Iodine.

Question 47

Why does reactivity decrease down the halogen group?

Answer 47

The outer electron shell is further from the nucleus

Question 48

What does the reaction between iron and chlorine produce?

Answer 48

Iron(III) chloride (FeCl₃).

Question 49

What does the reaction between iron and bromine produce?

Answer 49

Iron(III) bromide (FeBr₃).

Question 50

What does the reaction between iron and iodine produce?

Answer 50

Iron(III) iodide (FeI₃).

Question 51

What is the balanced equation for iron and chlorine?

Answer 51

2Fe(s) + 3Cl₂(g) → 2FeCl₃(s).

Question 52

What is the balanced equation for iron and bromine?

Answer 52

2Fe(s) + 3Br₂(g) → 2FeBr₃(s).

Question 53

What is the balanced equation for iron and iodine?

Answer 53

2Fe(s) + 3I₂(g) → 2FeI₃(s).

Question 54

What happens when fluorine reacts with hydrogen?

Answer 54

Fluorine and hydrogen produce hydrogen fluoride.

Question 55

What is the word equation for fluorine and hydrogen?

Answer 55

Hydrogen + Fluorine → Hydrogen fluoride.

Question 56

What is the balanced equation for fluorine and hydrogen?

Answer 56

H₂(g) + F₂(g) → 2HF(g).

Question 57

What does the dot-and-cross diagram for hydrogen fluoride look like?

Answer 57

Fluorine shares one pair of electrons with hydrogen in a single covalent bond.

Question 58

How does fluorine’s reactivity compare to chlorine?

Answer 58

Fluorine is more reactive because it has fewer electron shells.

Question 59

Why are Group 1 metals more reactive than Group 7 elements?

Answer 59

Group 1 elements lose electrons easily

Question 60

What is the reactivity trend in Group 1 and Group 7?

Answer 60

Reactivity increases down Group 1 but decreases down Group 7.

Question 61

Why does reactivity increase in Group 1?

Answer 61

The outer electron is further from the nucleus and is lost more easily.

Question 62

Why does reactivity decrease in Group 7?

Answer 62

Increased distance from the nucleus makes it harder to attract electrons.

Question 63

How does reactivity change down Groups 1 and 2?

Answer 63

Reactivity increases as you go down the groups.

Question 64

Why does reactivity increase down Groups 1 and 2?

Answer 64

Outer electrons are further from the nucleus due to more electron shells

Question 65

How does reactivity change down Group 7?

Answer 65

Reactivity decreases as you go down the group.

Question 66

Why does reactivity decrease down Group 7?

Answer 66

The number of electron shells increases

Question 67

What happens to the outer electron in Group 7 elements as you go down?

Answer 67

The outer electron is further from the nucleus and experiences weaker attraction

Question 68

Where are the noble gases located on the periodic table?

Answer 68

In Group 0.

Question 69

Why are noble gases unreactive?

Answer 69

They have full outer electron shells

Question 70

Why are noble gases placed in Group 0 instead of Group 8?

Answer 70

Helium has only two electrons

Question 71

What are the uses of helium?

Answer 71

Helium is used as a coolant

Question 72

What are the uses of neon?

Answer 72

Neon is used in vacuum tubes and neon signs.

Question 73

What are the uses of argon?

Answer 73

Argon is used in lightbulbs to prevent oxidation of the filament.

Question 74

What are the uses of krypton?

Answer 74

Krypton is used in bright lights like airport runway lamps and lasers.

Question 75

How does the reactivity of Group 0 change down the group?

Answer 75

Reactivity slightly increases as the atomic size increases

Question 76

Why do noble gases not readily gain/lose/share electrons?

Answer 76

Their outer shells are full, making them stable and unreactive.