Group dynamics Flashcards
4 Features of a group
Collective identity, interaction, communication and a shared goal/ purpose
Collective identity
Teams can be recognised by matching uniforms & badges. It develops and affiliation and creates a belonging
Interaction
The way the players work together to complete a task. (Loud or quiet etc)
Communication
Verbal, non-verbal, hand signals etc
Shared goal / purpose
Achieving a goal binds and commits players together, creating motivation
Ringleman effect
States that as group size increases, individual behaviour is less productive
Social loafing
Individual exerts less effort when in a group than individually, causing the groups productivity to decline
Model for group forming
Tuckman’s model
Stages of group formation
Forming, storming, norming, performing
Forming stage 1/4
Getting to know each others strengths and weaknesses. Develop social relations and rely on the coach to bring them together
Storming stage 2/4
Infighting and conflict as people establish the roles and positions
Norming stage 3/4
Co-operation and conflicts resolved. Team begins to unify and focus on main goal. Norms developed and accepted and cohesion develops
Performing stage 4/4
Common goals, team support and understanding of roles. Respect for other team members and leaders.
How LONG ?
Time for each stage changes. settled teams accept new members easier. Some teams don’t go through the stages - eg; England don’t bond and so they underperform
Types of cohesion
Task cohesion and social cohesion
What is task cohesion
It is based on the result and outcome. Task cohesion depends more on athletes rallying around a common cause regardless of their feelings
What is social cohesion
It is based on working together and interactions. Social cohesion produces team unity from teammates liking each other personally
