Group Cohesion

Question 1

What is cohesion

Answer 1

Desire of group members to achieve their goals

■ Forces acting to keep members within the group/ integrated and focussed

■ This can lead to success or can come from success

■ Can be task or social

Question 2

What is coaction

Answer 2

Everyone completes the task at the same time but separately.
E.g rowing

Question 3

What’s interaction

Answer 3

success depends on everyone completing different roles but having to integrate them all together.

Question 4

What is carrons Antecendents

Answer 4

The factors that may affect cohesion

There are 4 factors

■ Environment factors: group size, age, geography, contractual obligations.

■ Personal factors: group similarity, gender, aspirations/satisfaction.

■ Team factors: ability, stability, desire for success, shared experiences.

■ Leadership factors: leader style, leader–team relationship.

Question 5

What is task cohesion

Answer 5

Individuals working together to achieve an end result/ common goal

Allows members to make their own contribution

Question 6

What is social cohesion

Answer 6

Individuals relating to each other to interact in the group

Allows support for each other and trust to develop

Question 7

What is the benefit of task cohesion

Answer 7

Success is possible when good task cohesion is present as the team work together towards a common goal.

• This means the team work together effectively concentrating on a task goal rather than personal disputes

Task cohesion provides high levels of motivation

• Success improves overall cohesion of a team which leads to further success

Social cohesion can however form cliques and be a negative aspect

Question 8

Influences on cohesion

Answer 8

Communication
Past Success
Sharing Common Goals
Unequal Pay or Rewards
Personality
Threats to the team
Type of Sport
Size of the group
Similarity of group members
Likelihood of future success

Question 9

What can lack of cohesion be caused by

Answer 9

Poor Tactics
Lack of Communication
Misunderstanding of roles or the coaches instructions
Bad timing
Poor strategies
Social Loafing

Question 10

What is the equation for Steiner model

Answer 10

Actual Productivity = Potential Productivity- Losses due to Faulty Process

AP= PP- FP

Question 11

What is actual productivity in Steiners model

Answer 11

The performance of the team during the game, the result: a win

Question 12

What is potential productivity in steiners model

Answer 12

The groups best performance/ maximum capability when at optimal cohesiveness

Affected by skills and ability

Question 13

What is faulty processes in steiners model

Answer 13

factors that go wrong and reduce cohesiveness.

■ Poor coordination or cooperation

■ Not listening to a coach, misunderstood patterns/ roles, motivation, poor cooperation and bad communication.

Question 14

What is poor group coordination caused by

Answer 14

Poor Strategies
Poor Tactics
Lack of Communication
Bad Timing
Lack of Understanding of roles or coaches instructions
Too many performers, the more performers present more coordination is needed
Individual sports need less co-ordination than co-active sports (a pair) and team interactive sports need most co-ordination.

Question 15

What’s the Ringelmann effect

Answer 15

When group performance decreases with group size

Question 16

What is social loafing

Answer 16

Individual loss of motivation in a team player due to a lack of performance identification when individual efforts are not recognised

■ Social loafers take the easy option and make limited contribution to the cause you can spot lazy players

Question 17

Causes of social loafing

Answer 17

Low Confidence

Negative Attitude

Poor Leadership (coach/ captain)

Lack of Fitness

Failure to understand a role

No recognition of previous performances

Low ability

A belief your effort won’t change the result

Lack of reinforcement

Injury

Social Inhibitoin

High State/ Trait Anxiety

Question 18

How to avoid social loafing

Answer 18

Highlighting individual performance
■ Ensuring leadership matches the group
■ Statistics
■ Selecting players who work well together rather than stars
■ Peer group pressure
■ Setting achievable, process goals rather than outcome goals
■ Give specific roles/ responsibilities
■ Continually emphasising the team goal
■ Developing social cohesion (friendship)
■ Selecting players who don’t social loaf
■ Praising rewarding behaviour
■ Punish social loafing
■ Raising individuals confidence
■ Increasing coordination- team plays ets
■ Encouraging group identity (kits)
■ Training with an audience present

Question 19

Is a winning team just by good group cohesion

Answer 19

Social cohesion helps working together.

■ Successful teams display high task cohesion
.
■ Cohesive groups usually successful.

■ Winning teams may not need social cohesion if committed to task, task cohesion is enough.

■ Task cohesion more important, can over-ride social cohesion.

■ Success follows when task and social cohesion are high.

■ Other factors promote success, not just cohesion.