group 1 + 7 Flashcards
what does the reaction of group 1 metals and water produce
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
what does hydrogen cause in the reaction between group 1 metals and water
fizzing
what solution is formed in the reaction between group 1 metals and water
alkaline
what do group 1 metals form when reacting with oxygen
metal oxides
what does lithium form when reacting with oxygen
lithium oxide
what does sodium form when reacting with oxygen
a mixture of sodium oxide and sodium peroxide
what does potassium form when reacting with oxygen
a mixture of potassium peroxide and potassium superoxide
what happens to group 1 metals as you go down the group and why
they become more reactive because as you go down the group the outermost electron is furthest from the nucleus, which means the attraction between the outermost electron and the nucleus is less, meaning the outer electron is more easily lost making it more reactive
what are group 7 elements called
halogens
what happens to the elements in group 7 as atomic number increases
the elements have a darker color and a higher boiling point
describe chlorine
reactive poisonous green gas
describe bromine
poisonous red-brown liquid which gives off an orange vapour at room temp
describe iodine
dark grey crystalline solid which gives off a purple vapour when heated
what happens to the elements higher in group 7
they get more reactive
why does reactivity decrease as you down group 7
the easier it is for a halogen atom to attract an electron the more reactive it will be, there are more electron shells as you go down the group which makes it harder to attract an electron as the outer shell is further away from the nucleus (atomic radius is larger)
