GREEN CRIME Flashcards
2 views on Green Crime
SITU AND SIMMONS -
Green crime is activity that violates the law.
WHITE- Transgressive approach, green crime is activity that harms the environment.
MARXIST :) as does not accept the definition of powerful perpetrators.
Example Bhopal disaster
Traditional criminology - Due to breech of health and Safety laws.
Transgressive - result of the deliberate relocation to an area where the rules are lower.
2 views on harm- WHITE
Anthrocentric - okay to exploit earth to advance humans
Econcentric - mutual dependency, harm to earth harms humans. harm to earth should not be allowed.
Who are the vicitms?
White - The poorest globally and locally. Enviromental racism.
Types of Green Crime - SOUTH
Primary - Direct harm to the enviroment:
Air pollution 2bn tonnes CO2 added to the enviroment each year.
Water pollution - 2/3rds without clean water
Animals - 50 species extinct a day
Deforrestation 60-90s lost 1/5th worlds forrests.
SECONDARY- Indirectly resulting from harm to the environment:
Hazardous waste - $3 to dispose in 3rd word, 2500 in US (ROSOFF) high regulations in one area increase crime in a second.
State Violence - Rainbow warrior.
Issues with researching Green Crime.
Wolf- Hard to spot and measures. Laws vary so little comparable stats.
Enforcement
WOLF - Third world do not have the resources to be able to prosecute.
SNIDER- Gov will not regulate as it hampers big business.
SUTHERLAND - Little stignma. UK ENVIRO AGENCY- says big profits made but max fine in last 2 years 170,000. GAINs> risk.
Who commits Green Crime?
WOLF- Individuals Gov Organised Criminals Businesses. SANTANA - Military are the biggest polluters.
Why commit?
PEARCE - Criminogenic society.
WHITE - anthrocentric
WOLF - Rational choice, strain, marxist.
What is Green Crime?
Crime against the enviroment.
BECK- Risk society as global manmade risks to the enviroment.
