Ethnicity

Question 1

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Stop and search

Answer 1

Stop and search
Blacks 7x more likely to be stopped and searched.
2000 Terrorism Act - Asians 3x more likely to be stopped and searched.
Mcpherson report- institutional racism.
P & B due to negative stereotypes.
REINER - Canteen culture
FITZGERALD - More obvious when high discretion stops as no evidence.

Question 2

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Arrests

Answer 2

3 1/2x more likely to be arrested

Minorities more likely to deny so cannot receive caution.

Question 3

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Prosecutions

Answer 3

CJS more likely to throwout minority cases

P&B - Low evidence!

Question 4

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Trial

Answer 4

Minorities more likely to opt for crown court with jury as distrust magistrates.

Question 5

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Pre Sentence reports

Answer 5

HUDSON AND BRAMWELL - More likely to say Asians not repentant.

Question 6

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Sentencing

Answer 6

Whites - 55% custodial
Asians- 59%
Blacks - 68%

HOOD
Blacks 3 months more
Asians 9 months more.

Question 7

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Convictions

Answer 7

Guilty
60% whites
52% black
44% asians

Question 8

Ethnicity and the CJS PHILIPS AND BOWLING. - Prison

Answer 8

1/4 prisoners ethnic minorites

P&B more brutal regime.

Question 9

Why do ethnic minorites commit more crime?

Answer 9

Lea and Young - Marginality, deprivation and subcultures. Not police racism, 90% reported by public.

Gilroy - Political act BUT MOST INTRAETHNIC

Hall - scapegoats for crisis of capitalism.

Merton - strain theory.

P&B - More poverty (60% Afro Carribeans poverty). Give powerful black status. Asians have clearer cultural guidelines, racism.

Reiner - canteen culture.

Question 10

Victimisation

Answer 10

Asians 50x more likely to be a victim of racism.
Blacks most likely to be victim (27%) whites least (24%)
184,000 BCS recorded racist incidents 2006/2007.
Disparate police protection, active social prevention but not all can afford.

Question 11

Stats on ethnicity and crime

Answer 11

Black people are
3 1/2 x more likely to be arrested
7x more likely to be stopped and searched
5x more likely to be in prison.
2% population, 11% prison pop.

Asians
4% pop, 6% prison pop.

VICTIM SURVEYS
Bowling and philips if unsure, attacker is more likely to be identified as black.

SHARP AND BUDD - SELF REPORT STUDIES:
2003 offending crime and justice:
16% of white and black respondents do drugs
5% asian
reinforce asian lower offending but not black higher offending.