Greece important individuals Flashcards
Homer
The best source on Greek life during the Dark Ages. Wrote the lliad and the Odyessy.
Herodotus
the ancient Greek known as the father of history
Pericles
The aristocratic leader who guided the Athenian state through the transformation to full participatory democracy for all male citizens.
Socrates
(470-399 BCE) An Athenian philosopher who thought that human beings could lead honest lives and that honor was far more important than wealth, fame, or other superficial attributes.
Alexander the Great
King of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Egypt, and Persia
Hesiod
The Greek poet wrote “The Theogony”, which is a poem that explains the origin of Greek mythology and gods.
Cyrus
Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples.
Darius I
Third ruler of the Persian Empire (r. 521-486 B.C.E.). He crushed the widespread initial resistance to his rule and gave all major government posts to Persians rather than to Medes.
Plato
Student of Socrates (ca. 428-347 BCE) may represent the first truly literate generation that gained much knowledge from books and the orality of the world in which he had grown up. He believed that full apprehension of a higher reality, of which our own sensible world is but a pale reflection, could be entrusted only to “initiates” who had completed the earlier stages.
Aristotle
(384- 322 BCE) came from Stagira in the northern Aegean. After several decades at Plato’s Academy, he was chosen by the king of Macedonia, Philip II, who had a high regard for Greek culture, to tutor his sim Alexander.
Zeno
The creator of the philosophy Stoicism.
Kyniska
first woman to win in the Olympic Games; owned the horses that won the chariot race
Cleisthenes
broke up the unlimited power of the nobility by organizing citizens into ten groups based on where they lived, rather than on their wealth. Contributed to the formation of democracy.
