China Important Individuals

Question 1

Lady Hao

Answer 1

The first named martial artist in China. Also the first female warrior.

Question 2

Wei Zhongxien

Answer 2

The most notorious of the many notorious eunuchs of the Ming Dynasty who completely dominated the Chinese government between 1624 and 1627, ruthlessly exploiting the population and terrorizing the official class.

Question 3

Shi Huangdi

Answer 3

The founder of the Qin dynasty.

Question 4

Gaozu

Answer 4

The first emperor of the Han dynasty (刘邦）

Question 5

Yongle

Answer 5

made lasting contributions to Chinese history such as moving the capital to Beijing and beginning construction of the Forbidden City as an imperial residence. The emperor also opened up China to the world, notably sponsoring the seven voyages of the explorer Zheng He.

Question 6

Zheng He

Answer 6

The eunuch leader of the southern frontier who helped inspire the naval expeditions.

Question 7

Master Lao (Laozi)

Answer 7

Taoist who wrote the classic of the way of virtue. (道德经）

Question 8

Xun Zi

Answer 8

was a Chinese philosopher of Confucianism during the late Warring States period and laid out a program of study based on the works of the past that would teach proper ritual behavior and develop moral principles. (批评了道家）

Question 9

Gautama Sakyamuni

Answer 9

The leader of the religion Buddhism.

Question 10

Mozi

Answer 10

An artisan who studied Confucianism and founded a new school of thought known as Mohism that emphasized universal love, sharing, social order, honoring the worthy, and following the will of heaven.

Question 11

Confucious

Answer 11

A knightly aristocrat from Shandon who funded Confucianism and believed that nobody should be denied education and that Heaven was ordered by hierarchy.

Question 12

Mencius

Answer 12

A fourth-generation disciple of Confucius who was later regarded as the second sage of the tradition. He organized Confucian teachings and popularized Confucianism during the Warring States Period.

Question 13

Hanfeizi

Answer 13

the greatest of China’s Legalist philosophers. His essays on autocratic government so impressed King Zheng of Qin that the future emperor adopted their principles after seizing power in 221 bce.

Question 14

Sunzi

Answer 14

A philosopher and military strategist who wrote The Art of War, a classic military treatise that sought to rely on knowledge rather than army size and aimed to will with as little combat as possible in order to incorporate the resources of the other side.

Question 15

Li Si

Answer 15

Chinese statesman who utilized the ruthless but efficient ideas of the political philosophy of Legalism to weld the warring Chinese states of his time into the first centralized Chinese empire, ruled by the Qin dynasty

Question 16

Sima Qian

Answer 16

astronomer, calendar expert, and the first great Chinese historian. He is most noted for his authorship of the Shiji (“Historical Records”), which is considered to be the most important history of China down to the end of the 2nd century.