GRE,OG Flashcards
wizard
: a person who is skilled in magic or who has magical powers : a sorcerer or magician
: a person who is very good at something
wiz·ard·ry
ˈwi-zə(r)-drē\
noun
: the magical things done by a wizard
: something that is very impressive in a way that seems magical
Deteriorate
: to become worse as time passes
: to make (something) worse
Cosmetic
: used or done in order to improve a person’s appearance
: done in order to make something look better
: not important or meaningful
n. 化妆品；美发油，发蜡；装饰品；美容术
adj. 化妆用的；美容的；装点门面的；表面的
splice
美] [splaɪs]
vt. 绞接；捻接（两段绳子）；胶接；粘接（胶片、磁带等）
n. 胶接处，粘接处，铰接处
: to join ropes, wires, etc., by weaving or twisting them together
: to join (pieces of film, magnetic tape, etc.) by connecting their ends together
: the place where two things (such as two pieces of rope or film) have been joined by being spliced together
comma
[美] [ˈkɑ:mə]
n. 逗号
detrimental
adj. causing damage or injury
n. an undesirable or harmful person or thing
sporadic
adj. : happening often but not regularly : not constant or steady
falter
: to stop being strong or successful : to begin to fail or weaken
: to begin to walk or move in an unsteady way
: to feel doubt about doing something
sulphur
美] [ˈsʌlfɚ]
n. 硫磺；硫磺色，黄绿色；[动]粉蝶科蝶
v. 使硫化；用硫磺处理；在…中加硫磺
tenuous
adj. not certain, definite, or strong : flimsy, weak, or uncertain
very thin
municipal
美] [mjuˈnɪsəpəl]
adj. 市的，市政的；地方自治的；都市的，市营的，市制的；内政的
n. 市政债券
acquiescent
adjective
: tending to accept or allow what other people want or demand
unctuous
adjective
—used to describe someone who speaks and behaves in a way that is meant to seem friendly and polite but that is unpleasant because it is obviously not sincere
loath
[美] [loθ, loð]
adj. 不愿意的，不喜欢的
curse
[美] [kɜ:rs]
vt. & vi. 诅咒；咒骂；使苦恼，使困苦；把（某人）逐出教门
n. 诅咒；咒语；祸害，祸因；咒逐，逐出教门
inadvertent
美] [ˌɪnədˈvə:tn:t]
adj. 不经意的，出于无心的；疏忽的，漫不经心的；粗心大意
Perfunctory
—used to describe something that is done without energy or enthusiasm because of habit or because it is expected
derivative
: a word formed from another word
: something that comes from something else : a substance that is made from another substance
cynical
[美] [ˈsɪnɪkəl]
adj. 怀疑的；愤世嫉俗的；冷嘲的；见利忘义的
acquiescent
: tending to accept or allow what other people want or demand
ignoble
Adj.: not deserving respect : not noble or honorable
brazen
美] [ˈbrezən]
adj. 无耻的；黄铜制的；坚硬的；声音响亮刺耳的
vt. 厚着脸皮；勇敢地做（或对待）；使变得勇敢；厚着脸皮做（或对待）
tangential
[美] [tænˈdʒɛnʃəl]
adj. 间接相关的；次要的；外围的；略为触及题目的
raking
美] [‘reɪkɪŋ]
n. 粗筛
v. 搜索( rake的现在分词 )；以耙子耙平（泥土等）；用耙子把…耙在一起；（翻阅旧记录、文件等以）搜寻事实等
brevity
n. the use of few words to say something
: the quality or fact of lasting only for a short period of time
Cogent
adj. very clear and easy for the mind to accept and believe
keystroke
[美] [ˈki:stroʊk]
n. 键击，按键
illegible
Adj. not clear enough to read not legible
extraneous
adj. not forming a necessary part of something; not important
interfere
Vi. to become involved in the activities and concerns of other people when your involvement is not wanted
whatsoever
美] [ˌhwɑtsoˈɛvɚ,ˌhwʌt-,ˌwɑt,ˌwʌt-]
pron. 无论什么；任何
disparate
adj. different from each other
dispute
美] [dɪˈspjut]
vt. & vi. 辩论，争论
vt. 就…进行争论，辩论；对…的真实或有效进行争论，怀疑；争夺，竞争；抵抗，抵制
n. 辩论；争端；（劳资）纠纷；罢工
vi. 激烈争辩；争执；争吵；吵架
underscore
v. to emphasize (something) or show the importance of (something)
: to draw a line under (something)
complimentary
adj. expressing praise or admiration for someone or something
: given for free
temperance
美] [ˈtɛmpərəns, ˈtɛmprəns]
n. 节制（尤指饮食），节欲；戒酒
tumultuous
美] [tu:ˈmʌltʃuəs]
adj. 骚乱的；吵闹的；狂暴的；激烈的
: loud, excited, and emotional
: involving a lot of violence, confusion, or disorder
notoriety
[美] [ˌnoʊtəˈraɪəti]
n. 恶名，丑名；臭名昭著，声名狼藉
: the condition of being famous or well-known especially for something bad : the state of being notorious
imperceptibly
[美] [ˌɪmpɚˈsɛptəblɪ]
adv. 无感觉地；感觉不到地；不知不觉地；极微地
precarious
美] [prɪˈkeriəs]
adj. 危险的；不确定的；不安全的；可疑的
: not safe, strong, or steady
orthodox
美] [ˈɔ:rθədɑ:ks]
adj. 规范的； 公认的； 普遍赞同的；正统的
: accepted as true or correct by most people : supporting or believing what most people think is true
: accepting and closely following the traditional beliefs and customs of a religion
: of or relating to the Orthodox Church
ameliorate
[美] [əˈmiljəˌret]
vt. （使）改善，改进；减轻（痛苦等）；改良
vi. 变得更好
to make (something, such as a problem) better, less painful, etc.
trifling
美] [ˈtraɪflɪŋ]
adj. 微不足道的；轻浮的；无聊的；懒散的
v. 轻视，小看( trifle的现在分词 )
ascertain
美] [ˌæsərˈteɪn]
vt. 弄清，确定，查明
: to learn or find out (something, such as information or the truth)
exacerbate
[美] [ɪgˈzæsərbeɪt]
vt. 使恶化；使加重；激怒
: to make (a bad situation, a problem, etc.) worse
serene
美] [səˈrin]
adj. 沉静的，宁静的，安宁的；安详的；晴朗的；清澈的
detachment
n. lack of emotion or of personal interest
: the act or process of separating something from a larger thing
: a condition in which something has become separated from something else
consign
to put (someone) in a usually unpleasant place or situation
: to put (something that is not wanted or used) in a place where old things are stored or thrown away
: to send (something) toa person or place to be sold
equivalence
美] [ɪˈkwɪvələns]
n. （力量等的）均等；相等；相当；等价
harbinger
美] [ˈhɑ:rbɪndʒə(r)] n. 预言者，预兆vt. 预告；充做…的前驱
: something that shows what is coming
adolescent
美] [ˌædə’lesnt]
n. 少年，少女
adj. 青春期的；青少年的；未成熟的
: a young person who is developing into an adult : a young person who is going through adolescence
prophetic
[美] [prəˈfɛtɪk]
adj. 预言的，先知的；先兆的
correctly stating what will happen in the future
: of or relating to a prophet or to prophecy
apathy
[美] [ˈæpəθi]
n. 漠然；冷淡；无兴趣；无动于衷
: the feeling of not having much emotion or interest : an apathetic state
affability
美] [ˌæfə’bɪlətɪ]
n. 和蔼，亲切
unprincipled
[美] [ʌnˈprɪnsəpəld]
adj. 不道德的；肆无忌惮的；不诚实的；无原则的
: not having or showing concern for what is right
incongruous
[美] [ɪnˈkɑ:ŋgruəs]
adj. 不协调的，不一致的；不和谐的；不相称的；异向
: strange because of not agreeing with what is usual or expected
congruous
1 a : being in agreement, harmony, or correspondence
b : conforming to the circumstances or requirements of a situation : appropriate <a>
2 : marked or enhanced by harmonious agreement among constituent elements <a></a></a>
fortuitous
adj. happening by chance
: having or showing good luck
mediator
[美] [ˈmidiˌetɚ]
n. 调停者；调解人；传递者；中介物
stance
美] [stæns]
n. 态度，立场；站姿，被放置的姿势；位置；（运动员的）始发姿势
: a publicly stated opinion
: a way of standing
impartiality
[美] [ ˌɪmpɑrʃɪˈælətɪ]
n. 公平，公正，不偏不倚
deceitful
美] [dɪˈsiːtfl]
adj. 不诚实的，骗人的
adv. 惯于欺骗地，不诚实地
: not honest : making or trying to make someone believe something that is not true
disposition
美] [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃən]
n. 性情，性格；意向，倾向；安排，配置；部署，战略（战术）计划
: the usual attitude or mood of a person or animal
: a tendency to act or think in a particular way
: a tendency to develop a disease, condition, etc.
prodigious
[美] [prəˈdɪdʒəs]
adj. 异常的，惊人的；巨大的，庞大的；奇异的；非常的
: amazing or wonderful : very impressive
: very big
rhetoric
美] [ˈrɛtərɪk]
n. 修辞学；辩论法，雄辩术；华丽的文词；花言巧语
: language that is intended to influence people and that may not be honest or reasonable
: the art or skill of speaking or writing formally and effectively especially as a way to persuade or influence people
wage
美] [wedʒ]
n. 工资；报应
vt. & vi. 实行，进行，作（战等）；〈方〉雇佣；〈古〉打赌，抵押，担保
dispersal
[美] [dɪˈspɜ:rsl]
n. 散布；分散；消散；驱散
: the act or result of dispersing; especially : the process or result of the spreading of organisms from one place to another
fastidious
[美] [fæˈstɪdiəs, fə-] adj. 挑剔的；讲究的；苛求的；（微生物等）需要复杂营养的 \: very careful about how you do something \: liking few things : hard to please \: wanting to always be clean, neat, etc.
didacticism
美] [daɪ’dæktəsɪzəm]
n. 教训主义，教训癖，启蒙主义
iconoclasm
美] [aɪ’kɒnəklæzəm]
n. 打破旧习
: the doctrine, practice, or attitude of an iconoclast
iconoclast
[美] [aɪˈkɑ:nəklæst]
n. 攻击传统观念的人；反对崇拜圣像者
polemical
美] [pəˈlɛmɪkl:]
adj. 辩论法的；辩论术的；好辩的；挑起争端的
1 : of, relating to, or being a polemic : controversial
2 : engaged in or addicted to polemics : disputatious
polemic
美] [pəˈlɛmɪk]
n. 争论，辩论；辩论者，争论者
adj. 辩论的，好争论的
: a strong written or spoken attack against someone else’s opinions, beliefs, practices, etc.
: the art or practice of using language to defend or harshly criticize something or someone
disseminate
[美] [dɪˈsɛməˌnet]
vt. 散布，传播
: to cause (something, such as information) to go to many people
corroborate
美] [kəˈrɑ:bəreɪt]
vt. 证实，支持（某种说法、信仰、理论等）；使（信仰等）坚定；使巩固，使加强
n. 确证者，证物
: to support or help prove (a statement, theory, etc.) by providing information or evidence
bogus
美] [ˈboʊgəs]
adj. 假冒的，伪造的；佯作
: not real or genuine : fake or false
scrutinize
美] [ˈskrutn:ˌaɪz]
vt. 仔细检查
n. 仔细或彻底检查
: to examine (something) carefully especially in a critical way
debunk
[美] [diˈbʌŋk]
vt. 揭穿真相，暴露
: to show that something (such as a belief or theory) is not true : to show the falseness of (a story, idea, statement, etc.)
capricious
[美] [kəˈprɪʃəs, -ˈpriʃəs]
adj. 变化无常的；变幻莫测的；多变的；（态度或行为）反覆无常的
: changing often and quickly ; especially : often changing suddenly in mood or behavior
: not logical or reasonable : based on an idea, desire, etc., that is not possible to predict
obsolete
美] [ˌɑ:bsəˈli:t] adj. 废弃的；老式的，已过时的；[生]已废退的 n. 废词；被废弃的事物 vt. 淘汰；废弃 \: no longer used because something newer exists : replaced by something newer \: no longer used by anyone
stinginess
美] [‘stɪndʒɪnəs]
n. 小气
frugality
美] [fruˈɡælətɪ]
n. 节约，朴素，节俭
frugal
美] [ˈfruɡəl]
adj. 节省的，节俭的；朴素的；花钱少的；约
: careful about spending money or using things when you do not need to : using money or supplies in a very careful way
: simple and plain
thrift
[美] [θrɪft]
n. 节俭，节约；茁壮成长；〈英〉繁荣的手段，工作，劳动；[植] 海石竹
: careful use of money so that it is not wasted
: a business like a bank that is used for saving money : a savings bank or a savings and loan association
avidly
美] [‘ævɪdlɪ]
adv. 渴望地，热心地
contextual
[美] [kənˈtɛkstʃuəl, kɑn-]
adj. 文脉上的，前后关系的
contextualize
[美] [kənˈtɛkstʃuəˌlaɪz]
vt. 将…置于上下文中理解 ；将…置于背景中考虑
: to think about or provide information about the situation in which something happens
florid
[美] [ˈflɔ:rɪd]
adj. 红润的；华丽的；炫耀的；绚丽
: very fancy or too fancy
: having a red or reddish color
Fancy
: v. to take pleasure in (something)
: to consider (someone or something) likely to win or succeed
: to want to have or do (something)
outnumber
[美] [aʊtˈnʌmbɚ]
vt. 数量多于；比…多
whitefish
美] [‘waɪtˌfɪʃ]
n. 白鲑属鱼，洋方头鱼；白鱼
perch
[美] [pɜ:rtʃ]
n. 栖息处；栖枝；高处；鲈鱼
vi. （鸟）飞落，暂栖，停留
vt. & vi. 栖息；停留；（使）坐；（使）坐在…边沿
egalitarian
[美] [iˌgælɪˈteriən]
adj. 主张平等的；平等主义的
n. 平等主义；平等主义者
iconoclastic
[美] [ˌkɑ:nəˈklæstɪk]
adj. 偶像破坏的，打破旧习的
inordinate
[美] [ɪnˈɔ:rdɪnət]
adj. : going beyond what is usual, normal, or proper
commerce
美] [ˈkɑ:mɜ:rs]
n. 商业；商务；贸易
mercurial
[美] [mɜ:rˈkjʊriəl] adj. （指人）反复无常的；水银的；（指人或性质）灵活的；易变的 \: changing moods quickly and often \: changing often : very changeable \: very lively and quick
interplay
美] [ˈɪntərpleɪ]
n. 相互作用
vigilant
美] [ˈvɪdʒələnt]
adj. 警惕的，警觉的；警戒的；机警
: carefully noticing problems or signs of danger
alert
[美] [əˈlɜ:rt] adj. 警觉的，警惕的，注意的；思维敏捷的；活泼的 n. 警报；警戒状态 vt. 向…报警 \: able to think clearly and to notice things
norepinephrine
美] [ˌnɔ:epə’nefrɪn]
n. 降肾上腺素，去甲肾上腺素
searchingly
[美] [‘sɜ:tʃɪŋlɪ]
adv. 锐利地
snap
to break quickly with a short, sharp sound
: to move into a specified position with a short, sharp sound
: to close (something) with a fastener and especially with a snap
veil
美] [vel]
n. 面纱；掩饰；覆盖物；托词
vt. 用面纱遮盖；掩饰；用帷幕分隔；隐匿
tranquility
[美] [træŋˈkwɪlətɪ]
n. 平静；安静；安宁；平稳
tranquil
adj. quiet and peaceful
endocrine
美] [ˈendəkrɪn]
adj. 内分泌（腺）的，激素的
legislator
[美] [ˈlɛdʒɪˌsletɚ]
n. 立法委员；立法者
cherish
[美] [ˈtʃɛrɪʃ]
vt. 珍爱；怀有；爱护；抚育
belie
美] [bɪˈlaɪ]
vt. 歪曲真相，掩饰；证明…为虚假；辜负，使…失望；与…不符
: to give a false idea of (something)
: to show (something) to be false or wrong
taciturnity
美] [ˌtæsɪ’tɜ:nətɪ]
n. 沉默寡言；默示
taciturn
adj. tending to be quiet : not speaking frequently
volubility
美] [vɒljʊ’bɪlɪtɪ]
n. 健谈，口若悬河；谈锋
voluble
adj.: talking a lot in an energetic and rapid way
pellucid
美] [pəˈlusɪd]
adj. 透明的，清澈的
1 : admitting maximum passage of light without diffusion or distortion <a>
2 : reflecting light evenly from all surfaces
3 : easy to understand</a>
prolixity
[美] [proʊ’lɪksətɪ]
n. 冗长，罗嗦
impetuous
[美] [ɪmˈpɛtʃuəs]
adj. 冲动的； 鲁莽的；猛烈的； 迅疾的
: acting or done quickly and without thought : controlled by emotion rather than thought
prodigality
[美] [ˌprɒdɪ’ɡælətɪ]
n. 浪费，挥霍
prodigal
adj. carelessly and foolishly spending money, time, etc.
bolster
美] [ˈboʊlstə(r)]
vt. 支持；支撑；鼓励；援助
n. 长枕；垫枕；衬垫；支持物
rumination
美] [ˌruməˈneʃən]
n. 反刍，沉思
serene
美] [səˈrin]
adj. 沉静的，宁静的，安宁的；安详的；晴朗的；清澈的
detachment
n. lack of emotion or of personal interest
: the act or process of separating something from a larger thing
: a condition in which something has become separated from something else
consign
to put (someone) in a usually unpleasant place or situation
: to put (something that is not wanted or used) in a place where old things are stored or thrown away
: to send (something) toa person or place to be sold
obsequious
美] [ɑbˈsikwiəs, əb-]
adj. 奉承拍马的，卑躬屈膝的；谄媚的
表跟随着
sycophant
美] [ˈsɪkəfənt, ˈsaɪkə-]
n. 谄媚者，拍马屁者
表说别人不好，夸耀自己的功劳的拍马屁。
engross
美] [ɪnˈgroʊs]
vt. 使全神贯注
cringe
美] [krɪndʒ]
vi. 畏缩；卑躬屈膝
n. 畏缩；阿谀奉承
nullify
美] [ˈnʌləˌfaɪ] n. 虚假说，零假说 vt. 使抵消；使无效 \: to make (something) legally null \: to cause (something) to lose its value or to have no effect
enamor
[美] [ɪn’æmə]
vt. 使倾心，使迷恋
detachment
n. lack of emotion or of personal interest
: the act or process of separating something from a larger thing
: a condition in which something has become separated from something else
tedious
[美] [ˈtidiəs]
adj. 单调沉闷的；冗长乏味的；令人生厌的
: boring and too slow or long
cunning
[美] [ˈkʌnɪŋ]
adj. 狡猾的，奸诈的；精巧的；漂亮的，可爱的
n. 诡计
: getting what is wanted in a clever and often deceptive way
innocence
美] [ˈɪnəsəns]
n. 清白；天真无邪；无罪的人
vexation
美] [vɛkˈseʃən]
n. 烦恼；恼火；苦恼的原因；使人恼怒或忧虑的事
preemptive
[美] [pri:’emptɪv]
adj. 先买的，有先买权的；先发制人的
: done to stop an unwanted act by another group, country, etc., from happening
imminent
美] [‘ɪmɪnənt]
adj. （通常指不愉快的事）即将发生的；迫切的，危急的；逼近的；迫在眉睫
: happening very soon
yearn
[美] [jɜ:rn]
vi. 渴望，切盼，向往；想念，怀念，向往，留恋，恋慕
meditative
美] [ˈmedɪteɪtɪv]
adj. 沉思的，冥想的
: very thoughtful : involving or allowing deep thought or meditation
tepid
adj. not hot and not cold
: not energetic or excited
trite
adj : not interesting or effective because of being used too often : not fresh or original
vestige
美] [ˈvɛstɪdʒ]
n. 遗迹；退化的器官；残余部分；毫不
: the last small part that remains of something that existed before
: the smallest possible amount of something
ameliorate
美] [əˈmiljəˌret]
vt. （使）改善，改进；减轻（痛苦等）；改良
vi. 变得更好
blatant
美] [ˈbleɪtnt]
adj. 公然的；明目张胆的；露骨的
: very obvious and offensive
munificence
[美] [mju:’nɪfɪsns]
n. 宽宏大量，慷慨给与
idiosyncrasy
n.: an unusual way in which a particular person behaves or thinks
: an unusual part or feature of something
feign
[美] [fen]
vt. 假装，伪装；捏造（借口、理由等）；装作；创造或虚构
vi. 假装；装作；作假；佯作
oppressive
[美] [əˈprɛsɪv]
adj. 沉重的；压迫的；压抑的；沉闷
: very cruel or unfair
: very unpleasant or uncomfortable
censure
美] [ˈsɛnʃɚ] n. 指责，谴责；责备；斥责 vt. 指责；谴责；责备；批评 vi. 谴责，责备 \: official strong criticism
categorical
美] [ˌkætəˈgɔ:rɪkl]
adj. 绝对的，无条件的；分类的，按类别的；断言的；确信无疑的
: said in a very strong, clear, and definite way
presumptuous
美] [prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs] adj. 自以为是的，专横的，冒失的 adv. 自以为是地，专横地，冒失地 n. 自以为是，专横，冒失 \: too confident especially in a way that is rude : done or made without permission, right, or good reason
superfluous
美] [su:ˈpɜ:rfluəs]
adj. 过多的；多余的；不必要的；奢侈的
: beyond what is needed : not necessary
humdrum
美] [ˈhʌmˌdrʌm]
adj. 乏味的，平凡的
: not interesting : dull, boring, and ordinary
sluggish
[美] [ˈslʌɡɪʃ]
adj. 行动迟缓的，反应慢的；不机警的；懒散的，不活泼的；无精打采的
: moving slowly or lazily
restive
美] [ˈrɛstɪv]
adj. 焦躁不安的；难以驾驭的，不受管束的
: feeling bored or impatient while waiting for something to happen or change
lethargic
美] [ləˈθɑrdʒɪk]
adj. 昏睡的；没精打采的，懒洋洋的；暮气沉沉；苶
: feeling a lack of energy or a lack of interest in doing things
imperious
[美] [ɪmˈpɪriəs]
adj. 专横的，飞扬跋扈的
: having or showing the proud and unpleasant attitude of someone who gives orders and expects other people to obey them
aloof
美] [əˈluf]
adj. 冷淡的；疏远的；远离的
adv. 分开地；避开地
: not involved with or friendly toward other people
: not involved in or influenced by something
placid
美] [ˈplæsɪd]
adj. 平和的，宁静的；温和的；满意的，满足的；平缓
: not easily upset or excited
: not moving much : calm and steady
restive
[美] [ˈrɛstɪv]
adj. 焦躁不安的；难以驾驭的，不受管束的
: feeling bored or impatient while waiting for something to happen or change
vociferous
美] [voʊˈsɪfərəs]
adj. expressing feelings or opinions in a very loud or forceful way : expressed in a very loud or forceful way
prosaic
美] [proˈzeɪk]
adj. 散文的；乏味的；如实的
: dull or ordinary
fortuitous
[美] [fɔ:rˈtu:ɪtəs]
adj. 偶然发生的，偶然的；偶发
: happening by chance
: having or showing good luck
heterogeneous
美] [ˌhɛtərəˈdʒiniəs, -ˈdʒinjəs]
adj. 各种各样的；成分混杂的
: made up of parts that are different
preclude
美] [prɪˈklud]
vt. 阻止；排除；妨碍
: to make (something) impossible : to prevent (something) from happening
: to prevent (someone) from doing something
stiffen
美] [ˈstɪfən]
vt.& vi. （使）变硬，（使）强硬；使绷紧；使猛烈；使粘稠
: to stop moving and become completely still especially because of fear, anger, etc.
: to become painful to move or use
: to become more severe or strong or to make (something) more severe or strong
amenable
美] [əˈminəbəl, əˈmɛnə-]
adj. （对法律等）负责的；易控制的；经得起检验（或考查）的；可用某种方式处理的
: willing to agree or to accept something that is wanted or asked for
: able to be controlled, organized, or affected by something
prophetic
美] [prəˈfɛtɪk]
adj. 预言的，先知的；先兆的
harbinger
美] [ˈhɑ:rbɪndʒə(r)]
n. 预言者，预兆
vt. 预告；充做…的前驱
unguided
美] [ʌn’gaɪdɪd]
n. 非制导的，不能控制的
apathy
美] [ˈæpəθi]
n. 漠然；冷淡；无兴趣；无动于衷
: the feeling of not having much emotion or interest : an apathetic state
sharpen
: to make (something) sharp or sharper
: to make (something) clearer or more distinct
: to become clearer or more distinct
allegation
美] [ˌælɪˈɡeʃən]
n. 陈述，主张；宣称；陈词，陈述；指控
: a statement saying that someone has done something wrong or illegal
impartially
[美] [ˌɪmˌpɑ:ʃəlɪ]
adv. 公平地，无私地；秉公
prodigy
[美] [ˈprɑ:dədʒi]
n. 奇才，天才（尤指神童）；壮举，盛况
: a young person who is unusually talented in some way
preternatural
[美] [ˌpri:tərˈnætʃrəl]
adj. 异常的；奇特的；超自然的；不可思议的
realm
: an area of activity, interest, or knowledge
: a country that is ruled by a king or queen
rhetoric
美] [ˈrɛtərɪk]
n. 修辞学；辩论法，雄辩术；华丽的文词；花言巧语
acumen
美] [əˈkjumən, ˈækjə-]
n. 敏锐； 聪明；渐尖头；短刺
fastidiousness
美] [fæ’stɪdɪrsnəs]
n. 挑剔；讲究；严格；一丝不苟
iconoclast
美] [aɪˈkɑ:nəklæst]
n. 攻击传统观念的人；反对崇拜圣像者
ascendancy
美] [əˈsɛndənsi]
n. 优势，支配地位；支配倾向
: a position of power in which someone can control or influence other people
decimate
美] [ˈdɛsəˌmet]
vt. 十中抽一；大批杀害
: to destroy a large number of (plants, animals, people, etc.)
: to severely damage or destroy a large part of (something)
resurrect
美] [ˌrɛzəˈrɛkt] vt. 使复活；复兴，重新使用；挖出 vi. 复活，复苏 \: to bring (a dead person) back to life \: to cause (something that had ended or been forgotten or lost) to exist again, to be used again, etc.
denigrate
美] [ˈdɛnɪˌɡret]
vt. 诋毁，诽谤；玷污；涂黑；毁誉
deterrent
[美] [dɪˈtɜ:rənt] n. 制止物；威慑物 adj. 制止的；遏制的 1 : serving to deter <a> 2 : relating to deterrence <a>
equivocal
美] [ɪˈkwɪvəkəl]
adj. 模棱两可的；意义不明的；模糊的；（指人等）不可靠的
: having two or more possible meanings
: not easily understood or explained
meager
美] [ˈmiɡɚ]
adj. 瘦的；粗劣的；不足的；贫乏的
: very small or too small in amount
: not having enough of something (such as money or food) for comfort or happiness
hyperbole
: language that describes something as better or worse than it really is
Sail through
小船轻松地划过，
轻而易举地获得成功
cant
n.行话
arcane
美] [ɑ:rˈkeɪn]
adj. 密不外传的，晦涩难解的
: secret or mysterious : known or understood by only a few people
fragrance
n.: a pleasant and usually sweet smell
: a perfume or cologne
unpalatable
美] [ʌnˈpælətəbəl]
adj. 味道差的，不好吃的；无味
1 : not palatable : distasteful
2 : unpleasant, disagreeable
appropriation
美] [əˌproʊpriˈeɪʃn]
n. 挪用；拨款；批准支出
perquisite
[美] [ˈpɜ:rkwɪzɪt]
n. （工资以外的）财务补贴；额外收入；（随职位而得到的）好处；利益
visionary
美] [ˈvɪʒəneri]
adj. 空想的，幻想的；预言性的；有远见的；有智慧的
n. 空想家；预言家；有远见的人，有智慧的人
: having or showing clear ideas about what should happen or be done in the future
: having or showing a powerful imagination
: of or relating to something that is seen or imagined in a dream or vision (sense 3)
trite
美] [traɪt]
adj. （言语、想法等）老生常谈的，陈腐的，老一套的
: not interesting or effective because of being used too often : not fresh or original
memorandum
美] [ˌmɛməˈrændəm]
n. [外]照会，备忘录；[商]便笺，函；记录；[法]（契约等条文的）节略
rental
美] [ˈrɛntl:]
n. 租费，租金额
jeopardize
[美] [ˈdʒepərdaɪz]
vt. 危及，损害；使陷入险境或受伤；使…遇险
: to put (something or someone) in danger
deem
美] [dim]
vt. 认为，视为；主张，断定
vi. 认为，视为，以为；作某种评价
to think of (someone or something) in a particular way
debunk
[美] [diˈbʌŋk]
vt. 揭穿真相，暴露
bogus
美] [ˈboʊgəs]
adj. 假冒的，伪造的；佯作
: not real or genuine : fake or false
copious
美] [ˈkoʊpiəs]
adj. 丰富的；大量的；多产的；冗长的
: very large in amount or number
scathing
美] [ˈskeðɪŋ] adj. （言词、文章）严厉的，尖刻的；不留情的 adv. 严厉地，尖刻地 v. 伤害，损害（尤指使之枯萎）( scathe的现在分词) \: very harsh or severe
meticulous
美] [mɪˈtɪkjələs]
adj. 谨小慎微的；过度重视细节的
: very careful about doing something in an extremely accurate and exact way
stinginess
[美] [‘stɪndʒɪnəs]
n. 小气
frugality
美] [fruˈɡælətɪ]
n. 节约，朴素，节俭
tenuous
美] [ˈtɛnjuəs]
adj. 薄的，细的；精细的；稀薄的；贫乏的
: not certain, definite, or strong : flimsy, weak, or uncertain
: very thin
zooplankton
美] [ˌzoʊr’plæŋktən]
n. 浮游动物
commerce
美] [ˈkɑ:mɜ:rs]
n. 商业；商务；贸易
: activities that relate to the buying and selling of goods and services
vigilant
[美] [ˈvɪdʒələnt]
adj. 警惕的，警觉的；警戒的；机警
attune
[美] [əˈtun, əˈtjun]
vt. 使协调；调音
: to cause (a person, company, etc.) to have a better understanding of what is needed or wanted by a particular person or group
conviction
美] [kənˈvɪkʃən]
n. 定罪；说服；确信；信念
law : the act of proving that a person is guilty of a crime in a court of law
: a strong belief or opinion
: the feeling of being sure that what you believe or say is true
disquiet
美] [dɪsˈkwaɪɪt]
vt. 使不安，使烦恼；使不平静
n. 忧虑；不安；内心不平静；烦恼
: to make (someone) worried or nervous
exceed
美] [ɪkˈsid] vt. 超过；超越；胜过；越过…的界限 vi. 突出，领先 to be greater or more than (something) : to be better than (something) \: to go beyond the limit of (something)
judicious
美] [dʒuˈdɪʃəs]
adj. 明智的；有见识的；判断正确的；审慎的
: having or showing good judgment
imperious
美] [ɪmˈpɪriəs]
adj. 专横的，飞扬跋扈的
: having or showing the proud and unpleasant attitude of someone who gives orders and expects other people to obey them
perilous
[美] [ˈpɛrələs]
adj. 危险的，冒险的
: full of danger
volubility
[美] [vɒljʊ’bɪlɪtɪ]
n. 健谈，口若悬河；谈锋
peripheral
美] [pəˈrɪfərəl]
adj. 外围的；次要的；（神经）末梢区域的
n. 外部设备
: not relating to the main or most important part
computers : connected to a computer but not an essential part of it
: of or relating to the area that is to the side of the area you are looking at
extraneous
[美] [ɪkˈstreniəs]
adj. 外部的；外来的；无关的；不相干的
rumination
[美] [ˌruməˈneʃən]
n. 反刍，沉思
hackneyed
美] [ˈhæknid]
adj. （词语、引语等）使用过于频繁的，陈腐的，老一套的；滥
: not interesting, funny, etc., because of being used too often : not fresh or original
utterly
[美] [ˈʌtəli]
adv. 全然，完全地；彻底地，绝对的；十足地；十分
skittish
美] [ˈskɪtɪʃ]
adj. 易激动的，轻佻的
of an animal : easily frightened or excited
: nervous or fearful about doing something
: tending to change often : not dependable or stable
vociferous
美] [voʊˈsɪfərəs]
adj. 吵吵嚷嚷的；大声叫喊的；叫嚣的
: expressing feelings or opinions in a very loud or forceful way : expressed in a very loud or forceful way
indecorous
美] [ɪnˈdɛkərəs]
adj. 不合礼节的；欠妥
: not decorous : conflicting with accepted standards of good conduct or good taste
decorous
美] [ˈdɛkərəs, dɪˈkɔrəs, -ˈkor-]
adj. 端庄得体的；厚重
: correct and polite in a particular situation
pungent
美] [ˈpʌndʒənt]
adj. 辛辣的；刺激性的；苦痛的；尖刻的
tedious
美] [ˈtidiəs]
adj. 单调沉闷的；冗长乏味的；令人生厌的
: boring and too slow or long
endemic
[美] [ɛnˈdɛmɪk]
adj. 某地特有的；（尤指疾病）地方性的；风土的；（动，植物）某些特产的
n. 地方病；某地特产的植物[动物]
provisional
[美] [prəˈvɪʒənəl]
adj. 暂时的，临时的；暂定的
n. 临时性；临时人员
: existing or accepted for the present time but likely to be changed
mediocrity
美] [ˌmi:diˈɑ:krəti]
n. 平庸，平凡；庸人；平平常常的才能
forestall
美] [fɔ:rˈstɔ:l]
vt. 先发制人，预先阻止；垄断，屯积；领先
stiff
美] [stɪf]
adj. 严厉的；僵硬的，坚硬的；呆板的，拘谨的；顽固的
adv. 极度地，非常
n. 死尸；笨蛋，傻瓜；流动工人；吝啬鬼穷光蛋
vt. 诈骗；失信
betray
美] [bɪˈtre]
vt. 对…不忠；背叛；出卖；泄露
obviate
美] [ˈɑ:bvieɪt]
vt. 避免，消除（贫困、不方便等）
negate
[美] [nɪˈɡet]
vt. 取消，使无效；否定，否认；使作废
vi. 否定，否认；无效
n. 反面，对立面
valedictory
美] [ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri]
adj. （尤在正式场合）告别的，告辞的
n. 告别演说，告别辞；〈美〉毕业生代表的告别辞
avert
美] [əˈvɜ:rt]
vt. 防止，避免；转移
: to turn (your eyes, gaze, etc.) away or aside
: to prevent (something bad) from happening
attentive
美] [əˈtɛntɪv]
adj. 注意的；周到的，殷勤的；温存；细心
Savor
n. a good taste or smell
: the quality that makes something interesting or enjoyable
v.
: to enjoy the taste or smell of (something) for as long as possible
: to enjoy (something) for a long time
poise
美] [pɔɪz]
n. 泰然自若；自信；体态；姿态
vt. 使平衡；保持（某种姿势）；抓紧；使稳定
demure
美] [dɪˈmjʊr]
adj. 娴静的；谦恭的；庄重的；（女子）怕羞的
delirium
美] [dɪˈlɪriəm]
n. 谵妄；神志昏迷；极度兴奋；（因酒精中毒引起的）震颤性谵妄
a mental state in which you are confused and not able to think or speak clearly usually because of fever or some other illness
: a state of wild excitement and great happiness
lenient
美] [ˈliniənt, ˈlinjənt]
adj. 宽大的，仁慈的；减轻痛苦的，缓解的；宽容
lethargic
美] [ləˈθɑrdʒɪk]
adj. 昏睡的；没精打采的，懒洋洋的；暮气沉沉；苶
resuscitate
[美] [rɪˈsʌsɪˌtet]
v. 使复苏；使复兴
: to bring (someone who is unconscious, not breathing, or close to death) back to a conscious or active state again
fabricate
: to make or build (something)
: to create or make up (something, such as a story) in order to trick people
tout
: to talk about (something or someone) as being very good, effective, skillful, etc.
: to try to persuade people to buy your goods or services
: to buy tickets for an event and resell them at a much higher price
sabotage
美] [ˈsæbəˌtɑʒ]
v. 蓄意破坏；怠工；对…采取破坏行动，捣乱
n. 破坏活动
lucrative
美] [ˈlukrətɪv]
adj. 获利多的，赚钱的；合算的
fallow
美] [ˈfæloʊ]
adj. 犁过而未播种的，休闲的，（指耕地）未经耕作的
n. 休闲地，休耕地
1 : left untilled or unsown after plowing
2 : dormant, inactive — used especially in the phrase to lie fallow
trickle
美] [ˈtrɪkəl]
v. 滴；细细地流；使淌下；慢慢地移动
n. 滴；涓流；细流；稀稀疏疏缓慢来往的东西
perforate
[美] [ˈpɜ:rfəreɪt]
vt. 穿孔于，在…上打眼；（在纸张等上）打齿孔[孔眼线]
to make a hole or a series of holes in (something)
cardboard
美] [ˈkɑ:rdbɔ:rd]
n. 卡（片）纸板；纸板箱；硬纸板
adj. 硬纸板制的；虚假的
heterogeneous
[美] [ˌhɛtərəˈdʒiniəs, -ˈdʒinjəs]
adj. made up of parts that are different
recalcitrant
美] [rɪˈkælsɪtrənt]
adj. 倔强对抗的，拒不服从的；拗强
: stubbornly refusing to obey rules or orders
algebraic
美] [ˌældʒəˈbreɪk]
adj. 代数的，关于代数学的
factorization
美] [ˌfæktəraiˈzeiʃən]
n. 因数分解
prime number
n. 质数
integer
n. 整数
congruent
美] [ˈkɑ:ŋgruənt]
adj. 叠合的； 全等的；符合的； 一致的
polygon
[美] [ˈpɑ:ligɑ:n]
n. 多边形，多角形；龟裂状
theorem
美] [ˈθi:ərəm]
n. [数] 定理；（能证明的）一般原理，公理，定律，法则
permutation
[美] [ˌpɜ:rmjuˈteɪʃn]
n. （一组事物可能的一种）序列，排列，排列中的任一组数字或文字
computation
[美] [ˌkɑ:mpjuˈteɪʃn]
n. 计算，估计
subtract
美] [səbˈtrækt]
vt. 减去；扣除
hyphen
美] [ˈhaɪfən]
n. 连字符，连（字）号
quotient
[美] [ˈkwoʊʃnt]
n. 商，商数
parentheses
美] [pə’renθəsi:z]
n. 圆括号，插入语，插曲（ parenthesis的名词复数 ）
negation
美] [nɪˈgeɪʃn]
n. 反面；对立面；否定；否认
nonnegative
[美] [nɒn’negətɪv]
adj. 非负的，正的，零的
nonpositive
美] [‘nɒn’pɒzɪtɪv]
adj. 非正的，（整数）负的，（函数）负值的
juxtaposition
美] [ˌdʒʌkstəpəˈzɪʃən]
n. 并置；并列；毗邻
terminology
美] [ˌtɜ:rməˈnɑ:lədʒi]
n. 专门名词；术语，术语学；用辞
vertex
[美] [ˈvɜ:rteks]
n. 最高点；顶点；（三角形、圆锥体等与底相对的）顶；（三角形、多边形等的）角的顶点
denote
美] [dɪˈnoʊt]
vt. 指代；预示；代表；意思是
dispersion
[美] [dɪˈspɜ:rʒn]
n. 散布；驱散；离差；差量
truckload
[美] [ˈtrʌkloʊd]
n. 一货车的容量
quartile
美] [ˈkwɔ:rtaɪl]
n. 四分位数
histogram
美] [ˈhɪstəˌɡræm]
n. 柱状图
dash
[美] [dæʃ]
vi. 猛冲；赶紧离开
vt. 猛撞；匆忙完成；泼溅；使…破灭
n. 少量，些许；猛冲；破折号；短跑
subset
美] [ˈsʌbˌsɛt]
n. 子集
stipulate
美] [ˈstɪpjəˌlet]
vt. （尤指在协议或建议中）规定，约定，讲明（条件等）
vi. 规定，明确要求
adj. 有托叶的
minus
[美] [ˈmaɪnəs]
prep. （表示否定）没有；缺少；（表示运算）减去；（表示数目）在零度以下
n. 减号；负号；不利；不足
adj. 负的；不利的；略低于某标准的
consecutive
[美] [kənˈsɛkjətɪv]
adj. 连续的，连贯的；[语]表示结果的
scenarios
[美] [sɪ’nɑ:ri:oʊz]
n. [意]情节；剧本；事态；脚本
estate
美] [ɪˈstet]
n. 财产，遗产，房地产；个人财产；不动产权；（较高的）社会地位
adj. （汽车）连箱的（拥有较长的车身和后门，后座后面有较大的空间）
: all of the things that a person owns
: the things left by someone who has died
: a large piece of land with a large house on it
vantage
[ˈvæntɪdʒ]
n. 优势，有利地位
net
美] [nɛt]
n. 网；网状织物；球网；网罩
vt. 用网捕；捕获；净赚；踢入球门
adj. 净的；净得的；最后的
gram
[美] [ɡræm]
n. 绿豆；鹰嘴豆；绿豆种子；克
circumference
美] [sərˈkʌmfərəns]
n. 周围，圆周；胸围
tenure
美] [ˈtɛnjɚ, -ˌjʊr]
n. 占有（职位，不动产等）；占有期；终身职位
: the amount of time that a person holds a job, office, or title
: the right to keep a job (especially the job of being a professor at a college or university) for as long as you want to have it
law : the right to use property
numerator
美] [ˈnu:məreɪtə(r)]
n. （分数的）分子
exponent
[美] [ɪkˈspoʊnənt]
n. 指数；典型；说明者；样品，说明物
adj. 说明的；讲解的
: someone who supports a particular cause, belief, etc.
: someone who is known for a particular method, style, etc.
mathematics : a symbol that is written above and to the right of a number to show how many times the number is to be multiplied by itself
digit
美] [ˈdɪdʒɪt]
n. 数字；手指，足趾；一指宽
endpoint
[美] [‘endˌpɔɪnt]
n. 端点，终点
compound interest
美] [kɑmˈpaUnd ˈɪntrɪst]
复利；复息
rectangular coordinate system
[美] [rɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ ko’ɔrdəˈnet ˈsɪstəm]
直角坐标系
devotee
[美] [ˌdɛvəˈti, -ˈte]
n. 热爱者，迷恋者；皈依者；信徒
outstrip
[美] [aʊtˈstrɪp]
vt. 超过，越过；优于，胜于；做得比…更好；跑过，逃脱
callous
美] [ˈkæləs]
adj. 硬结的，长茧的；铁石心肠的，无情的
vt. （使）变硬，（使）起茧；（使）冷酷无情
: not feeling or showing any concern about the problems or suffering of other people
near the surface
实际上
on the surface
表面上
obstinacy
美] [ˈɑbstənəsi]
n. 顽固；顽强；（病痛等的）难治；顽固的事例
credulity
美] [krɪˈdu:ləti]
n. 轻信，易受骗
workaday
美] [ˈwɜ:rkədeɪ]
adj. 普通的，平凡的，枯燥乏味的
: not unusual or interesting
incipient
[美] [ɪnˈsɪpiənt]
adj. 开始的，初期的
: beginning to develop or exist
intercept
美] [ˌɪntərˈsept]
vt. 拦截，拦住；截球；截击；拦阻
n. （数学）截距；截击，拦截；截听；拦截者
numeric
美] [nu:’merɪk]
adj. 数字的；数值的
axe
美] [æks]
n. 斧子；解雇
vt. 用斧砍；削除，解雇；大量削减（经费），精简（机构）
nutshell
[美] [ˈnʌtˌʃɛl]
n. 坚果的外壳；简言之，一言以蔽之
sturdy
美] [ˈstɜ:rdi]
adj. 强壮的，健全的；坚固的，耐用的；坚定的；精力充沛的
n. （羊的）晕倒病
thatch
美] [θætʃ]
n. （稻草、芦苇等盖的）茅草屋顶；乱蓬蓬的头发，又脏又乱的头发
vt. 用茅草盖（房子等）的屋顶，用茅草覆盖（屋顶）
gourmet
美] [ˈgʊrmeɪ]
n. 美食家，讲究吃喝的人
exoneration
美] [ɪɡˌzɒnə’reɪʃn]
n. 免罪，免除
regression
美] [rɪˈɡrɛʃən]
n. 衰退；（尤指因催眠或精神疾患，或为逃避目前忧虑）回到从前；回归；（统计学） 回归
treason
美] [ˈtrizən]
n. 叛国（罪）；不忠；谋反；背信
clumsy
[美] [ˈklʌmzi] adj. 笨拙的；复杂难懂的；得罪人的；（文体等）臃肿的 \: moving or doing things in a very awkward way and tending to drop or break things \: badly or awkwardly made or done \: hard to use : awkward to handle
ludicrous
[美] [ˈludɪkrəs]
adj. 可笑的；荒唐的
: very foolish
aversion
美] [əˈvɜ:rʒn]
n. 厌恶；讨厌的人或东西；转变方向；背离
: a strong feeling of not liking something
resurge
美] [rɪˈsɚdʒ]
v. 复活
capitulate
美] [kəˈpɪtʃəˌlet]
vi. 认输，屈服；屈从，停止反抗；有条件投降；让步
: to stop fighting an enemy or opponent : to admit that an enemy or opponent has won
: to stop trying to fight or resist something : to agree to do or accept something that you have been resisting or opposing
retaliate
美] [rɪˈtæliˌet]
vi. 报复，反击；回敬
vt. 报复
: to do something bad to someone who has hurt you or treated you badly : to get revenge against someone
reticent
adj. not willing to tell people about things
idiosyncratic
] [ˌɪdɪrsɪŋ’krætɪk]
adj. 乖僻的；怪异的
solicit
[美] [səˈlɪsɪt]
vt.& vi. 恳求；征求；提起；（指娼妇）拉客
: to ask for (something, such as money or help) from people, companies, etc.
: to ask (a person or group) for money, help, etc.
: to offer to have sex with (someone) in return for money
eschew
美] [ɛsˈtʃu]
vt. 避开，回避
: to avoid (something) especially because you do not think it is right, proper, etc.
pragmatic
美] [præɡˈmætɪk]
adj. 实际的；实用主义的；好管闲事的；国事的
n. 爱管闲事的人；专断的人；国事诏书；实务家
: dealing with the problems that exist in a specific situation in a reasonable and logical way instead of depending on ideas and theories
fervent
[美] [ˈfɜ:rvənt]
adj. 热诚的，热烈的；炽热的；强烈的；慷慨
amateur
美] [ˈæmətər]
n. 业余爱好者；外行，生手
adj. 业余的，非职业的；外行的
fickle
[美] [ˈfɪkəl]
adj. （爱情、友谊等）易变的，无常的；薄情的；浮躁的
erratic
[美] [ɪˈrætɪk]
adj. 飘忽不定的；行为古怪，反复无常；（运动或行为）不规则的
n. 古怪的人；[地]漂砾
: acting, moving, or changing in ways that are not expected or usual : not consistent or regular
defend
: to fight in order to keep (someone or something) safe : to not allow a person or thing to hurt, damage, or destroy (someone or something)
: to fight or work hard in order to keep (something, such as a right, interest, cause, etc.) from being taken away
: to speak or write in support of (someone or something that is being challenged or criticized)
assail
美] [əˈsel]
vt. 攻击，袭击；（用言论）指责；质问；着手解决
laity
[美] [ˈleɪti]
n. 俗人；普通信徒；门外汉，外行
dissident
美] [ˈdɪsɪdənt]
n. 持异议者，公开大唱反调者，持不同政见者
adj. 持不同意见的（人）
rank-and-file
美] [‘ræŋk’ændf’aɪl]
adj. 一般大众的, 低层次的
inclination
n. a feeling of wanting to do something : a tendency to do something
: a slanting surface
: the act of bending your head or body forward : the act of inclining your head or body
quixotism
美] [‘kwɪksətɪzəm]
n. 唐吉诃德式性格[行为]，不切实际的思想或性格
reinstate
美] [ˌriɪnˈstet]
vt. 使复原；使恢复；使恢复健康；使复任
dismal
美] [ˈdɪzməl] adj. 阴沉的，惨淡的，凄凉的；忧郁的 n. 低落的情绪；沼泽 \: showing or causing unhappiness or sad feelings : not warm, cheerful, etc. \: very bad or poor
melancholy
[美] [ˈmelənkɑ:li]
n. 忧郁；悲哀；愁思；闷闷不乐
adj. 忧郁的；悲伤的；
taciturnity
美] [ˌtæsɪ’tɜ:nətɪ]
n. 沉默寡言；默示
redemption
美] [rɪˈdɛmpʃən]
n. 赎回；偿还；补救
ascertain
[美] [ˌæsərˈteɪn]
vt. 弄清，确定，查明
italic
[美] [ɪˈtælɪk, aɪˈtæl-]
adj. （印刷字体）斜体的；（书写）整齐尖细的；(I-)古意大利的
n. 斜体字
perpendicular
美] [ˌpɜ:rpənˈdɪkjələ(r)]
adj. 垂直的，成直角的；直立的，险陡的；[建]垂直式的；〈谑〉直站着的
n. 垂直线，垂直面；直立，直立姿势，廉直；垂直测器，锤规；[建]垂直式建筑，绝壁
inferior
[美] [ɪnˈfɪriə(r)]
adj. （质量等）低劣的；下级的，下等的；（位置在）下面的；[植]下位的
n. 部下，下属；次品；晚辈；[印]下角码
jeopardize
美] [ˈdʒepərdaɪz]
vt. 危及，损害；使陷入险境或受伤；使…遇险
trim
[美] [trɪm]
vt. 修剪；整理；装饰
adj. 整齐的，整洁的；修长的；苗条的
n. 整齐；修剪；健康状态；装束
vi. 削减
repugnance
美] [rɪˈpʌɡnəns]
n. 厌恶；憎恶；抵触；不一致
frivolous
美] [ˈfrɪvələs]
adj. 无价值的，毫无意义的；轻率的，轻易；不务正业的；孩子气的
flout
美] [flaʊt]
n. 嘲笑；轻视；愚弄
vt. 嘲笑；藐视；愚弄
vi. 对…表示轻蔑
repugnant
美] [rɪˈpʌɡnənt]
adj. 令人厌恶的；矛盾的
turmoil
[美] [ˈtɜ:rmɔɪl]
n. 混乱；焦虑
conciliatory
美] [kənˈsɪliətɔ:ri]
adj. 安抚的；说服的；调和的；调解的
eschew
[美] [ɛsˈtʃu]
vt. 避开，回避
reciprocate
[美] [rɪˈsɪprəˌket]
vt. 互换，互给；回报
vi. 往复运动；互换；回报；互给
shun
[美] [ʃʌn]
vt. 避开，回避；避免
hatred
美] [ˈhetrɪd]
n. 仇恨，憎恶；敌意
vendetta
美] [vɛnˈdɛtə]
n. 家族世仇；族间仇杀
tacit
美] [ˈtæsɪt]
adj. 缄默的；心照不宣的；由法律的效力而产生的
: expressed or understood without being directly stated
quirk
[美] [kwɜ:rk]
n. 奇事，巧合；怪癖；突然的弯曲
obstreperous
美] [ɑbˈstrɛpərəs, əb-]
adj. 喧嚣的，喧闹的；不服约束的
osmosis
[ɑ:zˈmoʊsɪs]
n. 渗透（作用），潜移默化，耳濡目染
otiose
美] [ˈoʊʃioʊs]
adj. 不必要的，没有用处的
opulence
美] [ˈɑpjələns]
n. 富裕，富饶
palliate
美] [ˈpæliˌet]
vt. 减轻；缓和（痛苦、疾病等）；辩解；掩饰（罪过等）
peculate
[美] [ˈpɛkjəˌlet]
vt.& vi. 盗用，挪用（钱财）
pleonastic
[美] [ˌplioˈnæstɪk]
adj. 赘述的，使用赘句的；冗词赘句
plagiarize
美] [ˈpledʒəˌraɪz]
vt. 剽窃，抄袭
hedonistic
[美] [ˌhi:də’nɪstɪk]
adj. 快乐主义者的
discursive
discursive
[英] [dɪsˈkɜ:sɪv] [美] [dɪsˈkɜ:rsɪv]
adj. 东拉西扯的，离题的
forsake
[美] [fərˈseɪk]
vt. 放弃，舍弃；断念；摒弃（坏习惯）
circumvent
[美] [ˌsɜ:rkəmˈvent]
vt. 规避，围绕，包围；用计防止；避免；（用欺骗手段）陷害
demarcation
[美] [ˌdi:mɑ:rˈkeɪʃn]
n. 划界，立界；（工会对哪个工作由哪个工会来做的）分工；定界
shackle
[美] [ˈʃækəl]
n. 手铐，脚镣；束缚；[机]钩环；[电]绝缘器
vt. 束缚，加枷锁；妨碍，阻碍；给…上手铐；[电]在…装绝缘器
devoid
[美] [dɪˈvɔɪd]
adj. 缺乏，没有
patronage
美] [ˈpetrənɪdʒ,ˈpætrə-]
n. 资助，赞助；光顾，惠顾；任免权；支援，保护
scourge
美] [skɜ:rdʒ]
n. 天灾，灾难；鞭子；苦难的根源
vt. 鞭打；重惩，重责；使痛苦；严惩
connoisseur
美] [ˌkɑ:nəˈsɜ:r]
n. 鉴赏家，鉴定家；行家，内行，权威
recapitulate
美] [ˌrikəˈpɪtʃəˌlet]
vt.&vi. 总结，扼要重述；摘要
spurn
美] [spɜ:rn]
vt. 蔑视；唾弃；轻视地踏或踢
vi. 轻视地拒绝某物
n. 轻视的拒绝；踢开
hiss
美] [hɪs]
v. 发嘶嘶声；发出嘘声
n. 嘘声；嘶嘶声
avant-garde
美] [ˌɑvɑntˈɡɑrd, ˌævɑnt-]
n. （艺术的）先锋派，前卫派；先驱，先锋
adj. 先锋派的，前卫的；标新立异的；先锋的，先驱的
avant
美] [ə’vant]
adj. （文化或风格上）先进的
numismatist
[美] [nu:ˈmɪzmətɪst]
n. 货币学者，古币研究家（或收藏家）
lampoon
美] [læmˈpun]
n. 讽刺文章或言辞
vt. 冷嘲热讽，奚落
flair
美] [fler]
n. 天资；天分；眼光；鉴别力
fealty
美] [ˈfiəlti]
n. 忠诚
ersatz
美] [ˈersɑ:ts]
adj.& n. 代用 （品）；仿造（物）
escort
美] [ˈeskɔ:rt]
n. 护送者；护航舰；陪同某人参加社交活动的人（尤指男人）；受雇陪同某人外出社交的人（尤指女人）
vt. 护送，护卫
epideictic
美] [ˌepɪ’daɪktɪk]
adj. （文体、演讲等）意在表现词藻技巧的，富于词藻的
colloquium
美] [kəˈloʊkwiəm]
n. 讨论会，学术报告会
vitriolic
美] [ˌvɪtriˈɑ:lɪk]
adj. 硫酸的；尖刻的，辛辣的
bellicose
美] [ˈbelɪkoʊs]
adj. 好战的，好争吵的，好斗的；黩武
intransigent
美] [ɪnˈtrænzɪdʒənt]
adj. 不妥协的，不让步的
n. 不妥协的人，不让步者
bourgeois
美] [ˌbʊrˈʒwɑ:]
adj. 资产阶级的，资本家的；商人根性的，市侩的；无教养的，鄙俗的；贪图享受的
n. 有产者，资产阶级；中产阶级的人；业主，店主；[印]〈古〉九点活字
gauge
美] [ɡedʒ]
n. 测量的标准或范围；尺度，标准；测量仪器；评估
vt. （用仪器）测量；确定容量，体积或内容；评估，判断；采用
nonplus
美] [nɑnˈplʌs]
vt. 使迷惑
n. 迷惑，困惑，尽头
caustic
美] [ˈkɔstɪk]
adj. 苛性的；腐蚀性的；尖刻的，刻薄的；[物]焦散的
adv. 刻薄地，挖苦地
n. 焦散线，焦散面；刻薄，讽刺；[化]苛性碱；[医]腐蚀剂
tantalize
美] [ˈtæntəˌlaɪz]
vt. 逗弄；引诱；折磨；使干着急
discomfit
[美] [dɪsˈkʌmfɪt]
vt. 使为难；使狼狈；使挫折；挫败
obtund
美] [ɒb’tʌnd]
vt. 使迟钝，使缓和
nostalgia
[美] [nəˈstældʒə]
n. 对往事的怀恋；怀旧；乡愁；怀乡病
melancholy
美] [ˈmelənkɑ:li]
n. 忧郁；悲哀；愁思；闷闷不乐
adj. 忧郁的；悲伤的；凄凉的；阴沉的
embellish
[美] [ɛmˈbɛlɪʃ]
vt. 装饰；润色；修饰
vi. 装饰起来；加以润色
reassess
[美] [ˌriːəˈses]
v. 再估价；再评价；再课税；再摊派
riveting
美 [ˈrɪvɪtɪŋ]
adj. 饶有趣味的，非常精彩的，引人入胜的
n. 铆接（法）
v. 铆接( rivet的现在分词 )；把…固定住；吸引；引起某人的注意
presumptuous
美] [prɪˈzʌmptʃuəs]
adj. 自以为是的，专横的，冒失的
adv. 自以为是地，专横地，冒失地
n. 自以为是，专横，冒失
brook
美] [brʊk]
vt. 容忍，忍受
n. 小溪
recourse
美] [ˈri:kɔ:rs]
n. 求援；追索权；依赖；所依靠的物[人]
hypocritical
[美] [ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪkəl]
adj. 伪善的；虚伪的；伪善者的；言不由衷的
defiance
美 [dɪˈfaɪəns]
n.蔑视；挑战；反抗
dichotomous
[美] [daɪ’kɒtəməs]
adj. 分成两个的，叉状分枝的
savage
[美] [ˈsævɪdʒ]
adj. 未开化的；野蛮的；凶猛的；残忍的
vt. （动物）凶狠地攻击（或伤害）；残害；猛烈批评；激烈抨击
n. 未开化的人，野蛮人；野兽；有拘捕狂的警察
grudging
美 [ˈɡrʌdʒɪŋ]
adj.不情愿的，勉强的
mediocrity
美 [ˌmi:diˈɑ:krəti]
n.平庸，平凡；庸人；平平常常的才能
复数：mediocrities
Perpendicular
adj. 垂直的，成直角的；直立的，险陡的；[建]垂直式的；〈谑〉直站着的
n. 垂直线，垂直面；直立，直立姿势，廉直；垂直测器，锤规；[建]垂直式建筑，绝壁
subservient
美] [səbˈsɜ:rviənt]
adj. 卑躬屈节的；有帮助的；充当下手的；马屁精
vitriolic
美] [ˌvɪtriˈɑ:lɪk]
adj. 硫酸的；尖刻的，辛辣的
insomnia
[美] [ɪnˈsɑ:mniə]
n. [医]失眠，失眠症
