GRE 500-600 Flashcards
1
Q
ignorant
A
نادان
(adjective) unaware, unknowing Synonyms: apprenticed, benighted, birdbrained, blind to, cretinous, dense, green, illiterate, imbecilic, inexperienced, innocent, insensible, in the dark, mindless, misinformed, moronic, naive, nescient, oblivious, obtuse, shallow, thick, unconscious, unconversant, uncultivated, uncultured, uneducated, unenlightened, uninformed, uninitiated, unintellectual, unknowledgeable, unlearned, unlettered, unmindful, unread, unschooled, unsuspecting, untaught, untrained, unwitting, witless Antonyms: aware, competent, educated, intelligent, knowledgeable, literate, talented, wise - learned in sciences but ignorant in literature - دانشمند در علوم و ناآگاه در ادبیات - an ignorant shepherd - شبان نافرهیخته - ignorant societies - جوامع ناآگاه - Ignorant rulers who ruined the country. - حکمرانان نادانی که کشور را به ویرانی کشاندند. - his ignorant treatment of foreigners - رفتار جاهلانه‌ی او با خارجیان - He was completely ignorant of his mother's cancer. - او اصلاً از سرطان مادرش بی‌اطلاع بود. - I am ignorant of what happened. - از آنچه که گذشت بی‌خبرم.
2
Q
immortal
A
ابدی، فناناپذیر، جاویدان، جاوید
(adjective) death-defying, imperishable Synonyms: abiding, amaranthine, ceaseless, constant, deathless, endless, enduring, eternal, evergreen, everlasting, incorruptible, indestructible, indissoluble, interminable, lasting, never-ceasing, never-ending, perdurable, perennial, permanent, perpetual, phoenixlike, sempiternal, timeless, undying, unfading Antonyms: destructible, ephemeral, human, mortal, perishable (adjective) famous Synonyms: celebrated, eminent, epic, genius, glorious, heroic, illustrious, laureate, paragon, storied Antonyms: infamous, insignificant, mortal, unimportant, unknown - God is immortal. - خداوند جاودان است. - existance and realm that is immortal - (ناصرخسرو) بقایی و ملکی که نا اسپری است - his immortal longings - آرزوهای همیشگی او - the immortal poet - شاعر جاوید نام - the abode of the immortals - جایگاه خدایان - Sa'di's immortality - جاودانگی سعدی
3
Q
assuage
A
آرام کردن، تخفیف دادن
(verb) soothe, relieve Synonyms: allay, alleviate, appease, calm, compose, conciliate, cool, ease, fill, lessen, lighten, lull, make nice, mitigate, moderate, mollify, pacify, palliate, placate, pour oil on, propitiate, quench, quiet, sate, satisfy, soften, still, surfeit, sweeten, take the edge off, take the sting out, temper, tranquilize Antonyms: exacerbate, upset - Nothing could assuage the pain of being separated from her. - هیچ‌چیز درد فراق او را تسکین نمی‌داد. - Her thirst for knowledge could never be assuaged. - عطش او برای دانش هرگز فرو نمی‌نشست.
4
Q
expiation
A
کفاره دادن
5
Q
loquacious
A
پرگو، وراج، پرحرف
(adjective) talkative Synonyms: babbling, chattering, chatty, fluent, gabby, garrulous, gossipy, jabbering, long-winded, loose-lipped, motormouth, multiloquent, prolix, verbose, voluble, wordy, yacking Antonyms: quiet, restrained, silent, subdued
6
Q
marginal
A
حاشیه، حاشیه‌ای، کناری
ناچیز، کم، کم‌اهمیت، جزئی، اندک
فرعی، جنبی، جانبی
(بازرگانی، اقتصاد) نهایی
حاشیه‌ای، میان مرزی، بینابینی، محل مناقشه
(مجلس) کرسی حاشیه‌ای، کرسی میان‌مرزی
(adjective) borderline; slight Synonyms: bordering, insignificant, low, minimal, minor, negligible, on the edge, peripheral, rimming, small, verging Antonyms: central, core, interior, internal
- marginal notes
- حواشی
- have a marginal effect on something
- تأثیر کمی بر چیزی داشتن
- marginal land
- زمین نیمه‌بایر، زمین نیمه‌کشاورزی، زمین کم‌محصول
7
Q
adjuration
A
تحلیف، سوگند، قسم، لابه، التماس
- against his lawyer’s adjuration
- برخلاف دستور صریح وکیلش
8
Q
dreary
A
دلتنگ‌کننده، مایه افسردگی
(adjective) gloomy, lifeless Synonyms: black, blah, bleak, boring, cheerless, colorless, comfortless, damp, depressing, depressive, dingy, dismal, dispiriting, doleful, downcast, drab, dull, forlorn, funereal, glum, humdrum, joyless, lonely, lonesome, melancholy, monotonous, mournful, oppressive, pedestrian, raw, routine, sad, somber, sorrowful, tedious, uneventful, uninteresting, wearisome, windy, wintry, wretched Antonyms: bright, clear, happy, light, pleasant - the dreary sketch of jobless people in a breadline - تصویر غم‌انگیز افراد بیکار در صف نان - a dreary scene of abandoned farm houses - صحنه‌ی اندوه‌بار خانه‌های روستایی متروکه - The workers who led dreary lives. - کارگرانی که زندگی ملالت باری داشتند.
9
Q
callous
A
سفت، پینه‌خورده، بی‌حس، بی‌عاطفه، سنگ‌دل، بی‌حس کردن، پینه‌زدن، پنبه‌ای
(adjective) cruel, insensitive Synonyms: apathetic, blind to, careless, case-hardened, cold, cold-blooded, deaf to, hard, hard-bitten, hard-boiled, hardened, hardhearted, heartless, impassive, impenitent, indifferent, indurated, inflexible, insensate, insensible, insensitive, insentient, inured, obdurate, soulless, spiritless, stiff, stony, stubborn, thick-skinned, torpid, tough, toughened, unaffected, unbending, uncaring, uncompassionate, unconcerned, unfeeling, unimpressionable, unresponsive, unsusceptible, unsympathetic Antonyms: compassionate, feeling, kind, nice, sensitive, sympathetic, tender - The new shoes made his feet calloused and painful. - کفش‌های نو پاهای او را پینه‌زده و دردناک کرد. - The old man's hands were rough and full of callouses (calluses). - دستان پیرمرد زبر و پر از پینه بود. - His behavior towards prisoners was callous and inhumane. - رفتار او با زندانیان بی‌رحمانه و غیرانسانی بود.
10
Q
discount
A
(مالی، بازرگانی) تخفیف، تنزیل
(مبلغ) کم کردن، کسر کردن، (کالا) تخفیف دادن، با تخفیف فروختن، (چک، سفته) (پیش از سر رسید) نقد کردن، خُرد کردن
(خبر، داستان) یکجا باور نکردن، جدی نگرفتن، نادیده گرفتن، اهمیت ندادن به
(noun) reduction in cost Synonyms: abatement, allowance, commission, concession, cut, cut rate, decrease, deduction, depreciation, diminution, drawback, exemption, knock-off, markdown, modification, percentage, premium, qualification, rebate, remission, rollback, salvage, something off, subtraction, tare Antonyms: increase, mark-up, premium, rise (verb) lower, reduce cost Synonyms: abate, allow, deduct, depreciate, diminish, hold a sale, knock off, make allowance for, mark down, modify, rebate, redeem, remove, sell at discount, strike off, subtract, take away, take off, undersell Antonyms: increase, mark up, raise (verb) ignore; treat as insignificant Synonyms: belittle, blink at, brush off, depreciate, derogate, detract from, disbelieve, discredit, dispraise, disregard, doubt, fail, forget, minimize, mistrust, neglect, omit, overlook, overpass, pass over, question, reject, scoff at, scout, slight Antonyms: attend, pay attention, recognize - At this shop they give discounts to students. - در این مغازه به دانش‌آموزان تخفیف می‌دهند. - discount for cash - تخفیف خرید نقدی - be at a discount - (کالا) زیر قیمت بودن، تخفیف داشتن، خریدار نداشتن، فراوان بودن، (مجازی) بی‌ارزش بودن، ارزان بودن - the discount price - قیمت کاهش‌یافته، قیمت کالا پس از تخفیف
11
Q
ostentatious
A
متظاهر، خودنما، خودفروش
(adjective) flashy, showy Synonyms: boastful, chichi, classy, conspicuous, crass, dashing, egotistic, exhibitionistic, extravagant, flamboyant, flatulent, flaunted, fussy, garish, gaudy, gay, glittery, grandiose, highfaluting, jaunty, loud, obtrusive, peacocky, pompous, pretentious, spectacular, splashy, splurgy, sporty, swank, swanky, theatrical, tinsel, tony, uptown, vain, vulgar Antonyms: modest, plain, quiet, reserved
12
Q
thwart
A
بی‌نتیجه گذاردن، خنثی کردن، حائل کردن، عقیم گذاردن، مخالفت کردن با، انسداد اریب، کج، در سرتاسر (چیزی) ادامه دادن یا کشیدن
(verb) stop, hinder Synonyms: baffle, balk, beat, bilk, check, circumvent, confuse, counter, crab, cramp, crimp, cross, curb, dash, defeat, disappoint, ditch, dodge, double-cross, duck, foil, foul up, frustrate, give the slip, hold up, impede, louse up, match, obstruct, oppose, outwit, pit, play off, prevent, queer, restrain, ruin, scotch, skin, snafu, stymie, take down, take wind out of, trammel, upset, upset one’s apple cart Antonyms: aid, assist, encourage, forward, help - All the priests in the world have not been able to thwart lovers. - همه‌ی کشیش‌های دنیا هم نتوانسته‌اند جلو عشاق را بگیرند. - He did not dare to thwart the whims of the king. - او جرئت نکرد که با هوس‌های سلطان مخالفت کند.
13
Q
distress
A
پریشانی، اندوه، محنت، تنگدستی، درد، مضطرب کردن، محنت‌زده کردن
(noun) pain, agony Synonyms: ache, affliction, anguish, anxiety, bad news, blues, care, concern, cross, dejection, desolation, disappointment, discomfort, disquietude, dolor, embarrassment, grief, headache, heartache, heartbreak, irritation, malaise, misery, mortification, ordeal, pang, perplexity, sadness, shame, sorrow, stew, suffering, throe, torment, torture, trial, tribulation, trouble, twinge, unconsolability, unhappiness, vexation, visitation, woe, worriment, worry, wretchedness Antonyms: comfort, happiness, health, pleasure (noun) hardship, adversity Synonyms: bad luck, bummer, calamity, can of worms, catastrophe, crunch, destitution, difficulty, disaster, downer, drag, exigency, hard knocks, hard time, holy mess, hot water, indigence, jam, misfortune, need, pickle, pinch, poverty, privation, rigor, rotten luck, scrape, straits, throe, ticklish spot, tough break, tough luck, trial, trouble, unholy mess, vicissitude, want Antonyms: advantage, benefit, miracle (verb) worry, upset Synonyms: afflict, aggrieve, agonize, ail, be on one’s case, bother, break, bug, burn up, depress, desolate, discombobulate, disquiet, disturb, do a number on, dog, eat, get, get to, give a hard time, grieve, harass, harry, hound, hurt, injure, irk, irritate, make it tough for, miff, nag, needle, nit-pick, oppress, pain, peeve, perplex, pester, pick on, plague, push, push buttons, rack, sadden, strain, strap, stress, tick off, torment, torture, trouble, try, vex, weigh, wound Antonyms: assist, calm, comfort, help, soothe - The sight of blood always distressed him. - دیدن خون همیشه او را آزار می‌داد. - the distressing news of a flood in Ghohrood - خبر رنج‌آور سیل در قهرود - Please don't distress yourself! - خواهش می‌کنم دلواپس نشوید! (نگران نباشید!) - The company was in a distressed condition. - شرکت دچار درماندگی شده بود. - His death was a great distress to his class- mates. - مرگ او موجب اندوه فراوان همکلاسی‌های او شد. - distress caused by famine - شداید ناشی از قحطی - boasting about friendship and brotherhood / amidst distraction and distress - لاف یاری و برادرخواندگی / در پریشان‌حالی و درماندگی - Some runners showed signs of distress. - در برخی از دوندگان علایم خستگی دیده می‌شد. - a distress sale - حراج از روی ناچاری - a distress signal - علامت اضطرار (یا خطر)
14
Q
raillery
A
شوخی، استهزا، سرزنش، انتقاد، توبیخ
15
Q
exasperate
A
خشمگین کردن، از جا در بردن، اوقات تلخی کردن کردن، برانگیختن، بدتر کردن، تشدیدکردن، خشمگین
(verb) upset, provoke Synonyms: aggravate, agitate, anger, annoy, bug, disturb, drive up the wall, embitter, enrage, exacerbate, excite, gall, get, get under one’s skin, incense, inflame, infuriate, irk, irritate, madden, make waves, needle, nettle, peeve, pique, rankle, rile, roil, rouse, T-off, try the patience of, vex, work up Antonyms: calm, comfort, ease, placate, please, soothe
- His laziness exasperated his teacher.
- تنبلی او آموزگارش را از کوره به‌در برد.
16
Q
feckless
A
بی‌اثر، سست، ضعیف
بی‌ارزش، بی‌اهمیت، عاری از مسئولیت، سهل‌انگار
(adjective) without purpose Synonyms: aimless, carefree, careless, feeble, fustian, futile, good-for-nothing, hopeless, incautious, incompetent, ineffective, ineffectual, irresponsible, meaningless, reckless, shiftless, uncareful, useless, weak, wild, worthless Antonyms: competent, effective, effectual, efficient, purposeful, responsible, strong, useful
17
Q
stigma
A
کلاله، داغ، داغ ننگ، لکه ننگ، برآمدگی، خال
(noun) shame Synonyms: bar sinister, besmirchment, black mark, blame, blemish, blot, brand, disfigurement, disgrace, dishonor, imputation, lost face, mark, odium, onus, reproach, scar, slur, spot, stain, taint Antonyms: credit, pride
- the stigma of having a gambling father
- ننگ داشتن پدری قمارباز
18
Q
attenuate
A
رقیق کردن، نازک کردن، لاغر کردن، سبک کردن، تقلیل دادن
ضعیف شدن
(verb) weaken Synonyms: abate, constrict, contract, cripple, debilitate, deflate, disable, dissipate, enfeeble, extenuate, lessen, mitigate, sap, shrink, thin, undermine, vitiate Antonyms: expand, increase, intensify, strengthen - Illness had attenuated her. - بیماری او را نحیف کرده بود. - Nothing could attenuate the intensity of the enemy's attack. - هیچ‌چیز نمی‌توانست شدت حمله‌ی دشمن را کاهش دهد.
19
Q
enigmatic
A
معمایی، مبهم
(adjective) mysterious Synonyms: ambiguous, cryptic, dark, Delphian, doubtful, enigmatical, equivocal, incomprehensible, indecipherable, inexplicable, inscrutable, obscure, occult, oracular, perplexing, puzzling, recondite, secret, sphinxlike, stickling, stumping, teasing, uncertain, unfathomable, unintelligible Antonyms: clear, known, obvious, plain (adjective) mysterious Synonyms: ambiguous, cryptic, dark, Delphian, doubtful, equivocal, incomprehensible, indecipherable, inexplicable, inscrutable, obscure, occult, oracular, perplexing, puzzling, recondite, secret, Sibylline, sphinxlike, stickling, stumping, teasing, uncertain, unfathomable, unintelligible Antonyms: clear, obvious, unmysterious - Mona Lisa's enigmatic smile - لبخند معمایی مونالیزا - Some of the ambassador's statements were enigmatic. - برخی از اظهارات آن سفیر گیج‌کننده بود.
20
Q
condemn
A
محکوم کردن، تخطئه کردن، نکوهیدن، سرزنش کردن، مقصر شمردن، مطرود دانستن، (ابزار ساختمان، دستگاه و غیره) از رده خارج کردن، کنار گذاشتن، غیرقابل استفاده دانستن، معیوب دانستن
(پزشکی) (بیمار) جواب کردن، علاج‌ناپذیر دانستن
(اموال، املاک و غیره) مصادره کردن، ضبط کردن
رسوا کردن، لو دادن
(verb) blame, convict Synonyms: adjudge, belittle, blow whistle on, call down, castigate, censure, chide, come down on, criticize, damn, decry, denounce, denunciate, deprecate, depreciate, disapprove, disparage, doom, find fault with, find guilty, frame, hang something on, judge, knock, lay at one’s door, let have it, name, pass sentence on, pin it on, point finger at, pronounce, proscribe, punish, put away, put down, reprehend, reproach, reprobate, reprove, send up, send up the river, sentence, skin, thumbs down on, upbraid Antonyms: absolve, acquit, approve, clear, discharge, exonerate, free, pardon, release, set free - the condemned man - مرد محکوم - He was condemned to life imprisonment. - محکوم به زندان ابد شد.
21
Q
impugn
A
مورد‌انتقاد و پرسش قرار دادن، (امانت و غیره را) موردتردید قرار دادن، رد کردن، اعتراض کردن (به)، تکذیب کردن، عیب‌جویی کردن، مورداعتراض قرار دادن
(در اصل) مورد ضرب و جرح قرار دادن
(verb) criticize, challenge Synonyms: assail, attack, blast, break, call into question, cast aspersions upon, cast doubt upon, come down on, contradict, contravene, cross, cut to shreds, deny, disaffirm, dispute, gainsay, knock, negate, negative, oppose, pin something on, put down, question, resist, run down, skin alive, slam, smear, stick it to, swipe at, tar, throw doubt on, throw the book at, thumb nose at, traduce, trash, traverse, zap, zing Antonyms: flatter, praise - to impugn one's honesty. - صداقت کسی را زیر سؤال بردن. - I don't mean to impugn his motives. - منظورم این نیست که نیت او را مورد تردید قرار بدهم.
22
Q
elaborate
A
استادانه درست‌شده، به‌زحمت درست‌شده، به‌زحمت ساختن، دارای جزئیات، بادقت شرح دادن
(adjective) intricate; involved Synonyms: busy, careful, complex, complicated, decorated, detailed, elegant, embellished, exact, extensive, extravagant, fancy, fussy, garnished, highly wrought, high tech, imposing, knotty, labored, labyrinthine, luxurious, many-faceted, minute, ornamented, ornate, ostentatious, overdone, overworked, painstaking, perfected, plush, posh, precise, prodigious, refined, showy, skillful, sophisticated, studied, thorough, with all the extras, with all the options, with bells and whistles Antonyms: general, normal, plain, regular, simple, uncomplicated, unelaborate, uninvolved, usual (verb) make detailed; expand Synonyms: amplify, bedeck, clarify, comment, complicate, deck, decorate, develop, devise, discuss, embellish, enhance, enlarge, evolve, expatiate, explain, expound, flesh out, garnish, improve, interpret, ornament, particularize, polish, produce, refine, specify, unfold, work out Antonyms: make simple, simplify - This motor has a very elaborate structure. - این موتور ساختمان بسیار پیچیده‌ای دارد. - an elaborate network of tunnels - شبکه‌ی تودرتوی تونل‌ها - elaborate plans - نقشه‌های دقیق - an elaborate list of the company's customers - فهرست مفصلی درباره‌ی مشتریان شرکت - Some of these points must be further eleborated. - بایستی توضیحات بیشتری درباره‌ی برخی از این نکات داد. - He never elaborated on that rumor. - او هرگز درباره‌ی آن شایعه وارد جزئیات نشد. - The Japanese took this simple idea and elaborated it. - ژاپنی‌ها این فکر ساده را گرفتند و روی آن سخت کار کردند. - Plants elaborate organic compounds from inorganic by means of photosynthesis. - گیاهان با فروغ‌آمایی (فتوسنتز) از مواد غیرآلی مواد آلی می‌سازند.
23
Q
pejorative
A
تنزل‌دهنده، تحقیر‌آمیز، واژه تحقیری
(adjective) negative, belittling Synonyms: debasing, deprecatory, depreciatory, derisive, derogatory, detracting, detractive, detractory, disadvantageous, disparaging, irreverent, rude, slighting, uncomplimentary, unpleasant Antonyms: complimentary, positive, praising - Nowadays the word "poetaster" has become pejorative. - واژه‌ی «poetaster» امروزه معنی منفی دارد. - The word "abnormal" is a bit pejorative but the word "paranormal" is not. - واژه‌ی «abnormal» کمی بد چم است؛ ولی واژه‌ی «paranormal» این‌طور نیست. - In referring to our enemies, we should not use pejorative words. - ما نباید در اشاره به دشمنان خود واژه‌های زشت به کار ببریم.
24
Q
blithe
A
مهربان، خوش‌قلب، خوش، آدم شوخ و مهربان، مهربانی، دوستانه، نرم و ملایم، شوخ، شاددل
(adjective) happy Synonyms: animated, buoyant, carefree, cheerful, cheery, chirpy, gay, gladsome, gleeful, jaunty, jocund, jolly, jovial, joyful, lighthearted, merry, mirthful, sprightly, sunny, vivacious Antonyms: heavyhearted, morose, sad, sorrowful, unhappy - I was wrapped in strange feeling of blitheness and dauntlessness. - احساس نشاط و بی‌باکی عجیبی وجودم را فراگرفت. - He has always proceeded in blithe ignorance. - او همیشه با بی‌اطلاعی لاقیدانه‌ای کار کرده است. - The blessing of a good health which most people blithely take for granted. - موهبت سلامتی که بیشتر مردم با بی‌فکری قدر آن را نمی‌دانند.
25
Q
refute
A
رد کردن، تکذیب کردن، اشتباه کسی را اثبات کردن
(verb) prove false; discredit Synonyms: abnegate, argue against, blow sky high, break, burn, burn down, cancel, cancel out, confute, contend, contradict, contravene, convict, counter, crush, debate, demolish, disclaim, disconfirm, dispose of, disprove, dispute, evert, explode, expose, gainsay, give the lie to, give thumbs down to, invalidate, negate, oppose, overthrow, parry, quash, rebut, reply to, repudiate, shoot down, shoot full of holes, show up, silence, squelch, take a stand against, tear down, top Antonyms: endorse, prove, ratify, sanction, support
- I refute your reasoning with better logic.
- استدلال شما را با منطق بهتر رد می‌کنم.
26
Q
vacuous
A
تهی، خالی، بی‌مفهوم، پوچ، کم‌عقل، تهی‌مغزانه، بی‌خردانه
(adjective) empty; unintelligent Synonyms: airheaded, birdbrained, blank, drained, dull, dumb, emptied, foolish, half-baked, inane, lamebrained, minus, shallow, silly, stupid, superficial, uncomprehending, unreasoning, vacant, void Antonyms: aware, filled, full, intelligent - the vacuous comments of the governor - اظهارات پوچ استاندار - He delivered a vacuous inaugural speech. - او یک سخنرانی افتتاحی بی‌مفهوم کرد.
27
Q
enervate
A
سست کردن، بی‌رگ کردن، بی‌حال کردن، جسماً ضعیف کردن، ناتوان کردن، بی‌اثرکردن
(verb) tire, wear out Synonyms: debilitate, devitalize, disable, enfeeble, exhaust, fatigue, incapacitate, jade, paralyze, sap, unnerve, vitiate, weaken, weary Antonyms: activate, animate, empower, energize, invigorate, liven, strengthen - Heat and humidity enervate me. - گرما و رطوبت مرا بی‌رمق می‌کند. - the enervation caused by malnutrition - بی‌حالی ناشی از سوء تغذیه - a government enervated by corruption - دولتی که فساد آن را کم‌توان می‌کند
28
Q
honorific
A
تجلیلی، افتخار‌آمیز، عنوان تجلیلی
- an honorific title
- عنوان افتخاری
- honorific words - کلمات فرانگیز
29
Q
disprove
A
ردکردن، اثبات کذب چیزی را کردن
(verb) prove false Synonyms: belie, blow sky high, blow up, break, confound, confute, contradict, contravene, controvert, deny, disconfirm, discredit, explode, expose, find unfounded, impugn, invalidate, knock bottom out of, knock props out, negate, negative, overthrow, overturn, poke holes in, puncture, rebut, refute, set aside, shoot, shoot holes in, tear down, throw out, traverse, weaken Antonyms: credit, prove, validate
- The defendant’s claims were disproved by the evidence.
- مدارک جدید، ادعاهای متهم را نفی کرد.
30
Q
extinguish
A
خاموش کردن، خفه کردن، فرونشاندن، کشتن، منقرض کردن
(verb) put out a fire Synonyms: blot out, blow out, choke, douse, drown, out, quench, smother, snuff out, stamp out, stifle, suffocate, trample Antonyms: light (verb) kill; quash Synonyms: abate, abolish, annihilate, blot out, check, crush, destroy, eliminate, end, eradicate, erase, expunge, exterminate, extirpate, obliterate, obscure, put down, put the lid on, quell, remove, squash, stamp out, suppress, wipe out Antonyms: bear, create - Before entering this building you must extinguish your cigarets. - پیش از ورود به این ساختمان باید سیگارهای خود را خاموش کنید. - They finally extinguished the forest fire. - بالأخره آتش‌سوزی جنگل را خاموش کردند. - The lamps were all extinguished. - همه‌ی چراغ‌ها را خاموش کرده بودند. - His death extinguished our last sparks of hope. - مرگ او آخرین جرقه‌های امید ما را از بین برد. - some of the traditions that were extinguished almost two centuries ago - برخی از سنت‌هایی که تقریباً دو قرن پیش از بین رفتند - He extinguished his opponents with a single word. - فقط با یک حرف مخالفان خود را خاموش کرد. - She spoke with an almost extinguished voice. - با صدای تقریباً خفه صحبت می‌کرد. - Her red dress extinguished those of all the others. - پیراهن قرمز او جامه‌های دیگران را بی‌جلوه کرد.
31
Q
excoriate
A
تراشیدن، پوست چیزی را کندن، پوست کندن از
(verb) scrape layers off Synonyms: abrade, chafe, flay, fret, gall, peel, rub, scarify, scratch, skin, strip (verb) denounce, criticize Synonyms: attack, berate, blister, castigate, censure, chastise, condemn, flay, lambaste, lash, rebuke, reproach, reprove, revile, scathe, scold, scorch, slash, tear into, upbraid, vilify Antonyms: compliment, laud, praise - Her legs were badly excoriated by the acid. - اسید پوست پاهایش را بدجوری برده بود. - I'll excoriate my enemies with this satirical essay! - با این مقاله‌ی طنزآمیز پوست دشمنانم را خواهم کند!
32
Q
immutable
A
تغییر‌ناپذیر، پابرجا
(adjective) unchangeable Synonyms: abiding, ageless, changeless, constant, enduring, fixed, immovable, inflexible, invariable, permanent, perpetual, sacrosanct, stable, steadfast, unalterable, unmodifiable Antonyms: alterable, changeable, flexible, mutable, variable
- the immutable laws on nature
- قوانین تغییر‌ناپذیر طبیعت
33
Q
hypercritical
A
عیب‌جو، ایرادگیر، ایرادی، نق‌نقو، خرده‌گیر
(adjective) captious Synonyms: carping, caviling, censorious, critical, demanding, faultfinding, finicky, fussy, hair-splitting, hard to please, niggling, nit-picking, overcritical, persnickety
34
Q
momentous
A
مهم، خطیر، واجب، بااهمیت
(adjective) important; serious Synonyms: big, chips are down, consequential, considerable, critical, crucial, decisive, earth-shaking, earth-shattering, epochal, eventful, far-reaching, fateful, grave, heavy, heavy number, historic, material, meaningful, memorable, notable, of moment, outstanding, pivotal, significant, substantial, vital, weighty Antonyms: immaterial, insignificant, trifling, trivial, unimportant
- a momentous decision
- تصمیم بسیار مهم
35
Q
esteem
A
قدر، اعتبار، اقدام، رعایت ارزش، نظر، شهرت، ارجمند شمردن، لایق دانستن، محترم شمردم
(verb) think highly of Synonyms: admire, appreciate, apprise, be fond of, cherish, consider, hold dear, honor, idolize, like, look up to, love, prize, regard, regard highly, respect, revere, reverence, think the world of, treasure, value, venerate, worship Antonyms: abuse, dislike, disregard, disrespect, hate, insult, mock, ridicule (verb) consider, believe Synonyms: account, calculate, deem, estimate, hold, judge, rate, reckon, regard, think, view Antonyms: deride, disbelieve, disregard, disrespect - two of our most esteemed writers - دو نفر از ارجمندترین نویسندگان ما - This vase is esteemed for its antiquity. - این گلدان به‌دلیل قدمتش ارزش دارد. - The values which the society esteems. - ارزش‌هایی که جامعه آن‌ها را والا می‌شمارد. - I esteem it a great honor to be his friend. - برای من افتخار بزرگی است که دوست او باشم. - In that town, divorce is esteemed a disgrace. - در آن شهر طلاق را بد می‌دانند (مایه‌ی آبروریزی می‌دانند). - to hold in high esteem - احترام زیاد قایل شدن (برای)، سخت گرامی داشتن - Every day he rose in his superiors' esteem. - احترام او هر روز نزد مافوق‌هایش بیشتر می‌شد. - a man of low esteem - مردی کم‌قدر (کم‌ارج)
36
Q
traumatic
A
وابسته به روان زخم، زخمی، جراحتی، ضربه‌ای
37
Q
secretive
A
ترشحی، تراوشی، سری، پنهان‌کار، مرموز
(adjective) uncommunicative Synonyms: backstairs, buttoned up, cagey, clammed up, close, close-mouthed, covert, cryptic, enigmatic, feline, furtive, hushed, in chambers, in privacy, in private, in the background, in the dark, on the QT, reserved, reticent, silent, taciturn, tight-lipped, undercover, unforthcoming, withdrawn, zipped Antonyms: communicative, forthright, honest, open
- Her husband is very secretive.
- شوهر او بسیار نهانکار است.
38
Q
delegate
A
نماینده، فرستاده
(شخص) به نمایندگی فرستادن، نماینده کردن، نمایندگی دادن به، مأمور کردن
(قدرت، وظایف) تفویض کردن، سپردن، محول کردن، واگذار کردن
(noun) representative, often governmental Synonyms: agent, alternate, ambassador, appointee, catchpole, commissioner, consul, deputy, emissary, envoy, factor, front, legate, member, member of congress, minister, mouthpiece, nominee, people’s choice, pinch hitter, plenipotentiary, proxy, regent, rep, replacement, senator, spokesperson, stand-in, substitute, surrogate, vicar, viceroy (verb) give authority; empower Synonyms: accredit, appoint, assign, authorize, cast, charge, choose, commission, constitute, depute, deputize, designate, elect, give nod, invest, license, mandate, name, nominate, ordain, place trust in, select, swear in, warrant Antonyms: keep (verb) assign responsibility Synonyms: authorize, consign, devolve, entrust, give, hand over, hold responsible for, parcel out, pass on, relegate, send on errand, send on mission, shunt, transfer Antonyms: keep - one of the delegates to the ninth world conference on health - یکی از نمایندگان نهمین همایش بهداشت جهانی - The union will delegate three people to the annual congress. - اتحادیه سه نفر را برای شرکت در کنگره‌ی سالیانه به نمایندگی گسیل خواهد داشت. - He delegated his authority to his assistant. - او اختیارات خود را به معاونش تفویض کرد. - He is delegated to hire or fire whomever he wishes. - او اختیار دارد هرکس را بخواهد استخدام یا اخراج کند.
39
Q
abeyance
A
(حقوق) بی‌تکلیفی، وقفه، تعلیق
(noun) being inactive or suspended Synonyms: temporarily deferral, discontinuation, dormancy, inactivity, intermission, latency, postponement, quiescence, recess, remission, suspension, waiting Antonyms: action, activity, continuance, continuation, operation, renewal, revival
- That law has been in abeyance for many years.
- آن قانون سال‌هاست که به حال تعلیق در آمده است.
40
Q
blatant
A
پرسروصدا، شلوغ‌کننده، خودنما، خشن، رسوا
(adjective) obvious; brazen Synonyms: arrant, bald, barefaced, brassy, clear, conspicuous, crying, flagrant, flashy, flaunting, garish, gaudy, glaring, glitzy, impudent, loud, meretricious, naked, obtrusive, ostentatious, outright, overbold, overt, plain, prominent, pronounced, protrusive, screaming, shameless, sheer, showy, snazzy, unabashed, unblushing, unmitigated Antonyms: inconspicuous, quiet, subtle, unpronounced (adjective) deafening Synonyms: boisterous, clamorous, crying, ear-splitting, harsh, loud, loudmouthed, noisy, obstreperous, obtrusive, piercing, screaming, scurrilous, strident, vociferant, vociferous, vulgar Antonyms: quiet, silent - a blatant loudspeaker - بلندگوی گوش‌خراش - blatant ignorance - جهل آشکار - Its faults have been blatantly demonstrated. - عیوب آن آشکارا نشان داده شده است. - a blatant disregard for human rights - زیرپاگذاری آشکار حقوق بشر
41
Q
flamboyant
A
پرزرقوبرق، جلف و خود‌نمایانه، (بیش‌ا‌زحد) پر‌نقش‌ونگار
شعله‌مانند، فروزان، شعله‌فام، وخشه‌سان، افرازه‌سان
(معماری - گوتیک فرانسوی) وابسته به تزیینات شعله‌مانند پنجره و طرح‌های پر گل و بوته و قرمز دیوار
(adjective) extravagant, theatrical Synonyms: baroque, bombastic, brilliant, camp, chichi, colorful, dashing, dazzling, elaborate, exciting, flaky, flaming, flashy, florid, gassy, gaudy, glamorous, jazzy, luscious, luxuriant, ornate, ostentatious, peacockish, pretentious, resplendent, rich, rococo, showy, splashy, sporty, swank, swashbuckling Antonyms: calm, moderate, modest, restrained, tasteful, unflashy - a flamboyant costume - جامه‌ی پر زرق‌و‌برق - The writer's flamboyant lifestyle was well known. - سبک زندگی پرزرقوبرق نویسنده معروف بود. - flamboyant designs - طرح‌های پر‌آب‌و‌رنگ (شعله‌مانند)
42
Q
lucid
A
شفاف، روشن، واضح، درخشان، زلال، براق، سالم
(adjective) evident, obvious Synonyms: apprehensible, clear, clear-cut, comprehendible, comprehensible, crystal clear, distinct, explicit, fathomable, graspable, intelligible, knowable, limpid, luminous, pellucid, plain, translucent, transparent, transpicuous, unambiguous, unblurred, understandable Antonyms: clouded, obscure, unclear, vague (adjective) brilliant, shining Synonyms: beaming, bright, effulgent, gleaming, incandescent, lambent, luminous, lustrous, radiant, refulgent, resplendent Antonyms: cloudy, dark, gloomy, murky, shadowy (adjective) clear, transparent Synonyms: crystalline, diaphanous, gauzy, glassy, limpid, obvious, pellucid, pure, sheer, translucent, transpicuous, unblurred Antonyms: foggy, muddied, unclear (adjective) clearheaded, sensible Synonyms: all there, compos mentis, cool, got head together, in right mind, normal, rational, reasonable, right, sane, sober, sound, together Antonyms: confused, puzzled, unclear, unreasonable - Fish swimming in the lucid stream. - ماهی‌هایی که در آب زلال نهر شنا می‌کردند. - lucid instructions - دستورات واضح - a lucid thinker - اندیشمند روشن‌بین
43
Q
opaque
A
مات، غیرشفاف، مبهم، کدر، شیشه یا رنگ مات
(adjective) clouded, muddy Synonyms: blurred, cloudy, dark, darkened, dim, dirty, dull, dusky, filmy, foggy, frosty, fuliginous, gloomy, hazy, impenetrable, lusterless, misty, muddied, murky, nontranslucent, nontransparent, nubilous, obfuscated, shady, smoky, sooty, thick, turbid Antonyms: clear, lucid, translucent, transparent, unclouded (adjective) hard to understand Synonyms: abstruse, amphibological, arcane, baffling, concealed, cryptic, difficult, enigmatic, equivocal, imperceptive, incomprehensible, nubilous, obscure, obtuse, perplexing, purblind, tenebrous, uncertain, unclear, unfathomable, unintelligible, vague Antonyms: clear, crystal-clear, easy, unambiguous, understandable - opaque windowpane - شیشه‌ی مات پنجره - the opaque memories of his childhood - خاطرات مبهم کودکی او
44
Q
alarmism
A
هراس‌آفرینی، آشوب‌طلبی
45
Q
divisive
A
تفرقه‌انداز، تقسیم‌کننده
(adjective) dissenting Synonyms: alienating, at odds, discordant, disruptive
- A divisive force that had paralyzed the society.
- نیروی منافقی که اجتماع را فلج کرده بود.
46
Q
torpor
A
سستی، بی‌حال، بی‌حس، خدر، حالت خواب، بی‌حالی
(noun) lethargy Synonyms: apathy, disinterest, dormancy, drowsiness, dullness, idleness, impassivity, inaction, inactivity, languor, laziness, lifelessness, listlessness, passiveness, sleepiness, sloth, slowness, sluggishness, slumber, stupor, torpidity, torpidness
47
Q
indolent
A
سست، تنبل
(adjective) lazy Synonyms: drony, easygoing, fainéant, idle, inactive, inert, lackadaisical, languid, lax, lazy, lethargic, listless, resting, shiftless, slothful, slow, slow-going, sluggish, torpid Antonyms: active, busy, diligent, energetic, enthusiastic, hard-working, industrious, intent - old and fat and indolent - پیر و چاق و تنبل - the indolent heat of the afternoon - گرمای کسالت‌بار بعدازظهر - an indolent tumor - غده‌ی بی‌درد - an indolent ulcer - زخم (معده‌ی) دیرجوش - Leprosy is an indolent disease. - جذام نوعی بیماری است که پیشرفت آن تدریجی می‌باشد.
48
Q
compulsory
A
اجباری، بایسته، مجبور‌کننده، ناچارکننده، مجاب‌کننده
(adjective) binding Synonyms: compulsatory, de rigueur, forced, imperative, imperious, mandatory, necessary, obligatory, required, requisite Antonyms: free, liberalized, liberated, optional, unstipulated, voluntary - In some countries, military service is compulsory. - در برخی کشورها خدمت نظام اجباری است. - military service was compulsory both during peacetime and wartime. - هم در زمان صلح و هم در زمان جنگ خدمت نظام اجباری بود.
49
Q
revelation
A
فاش‌سازی، آشکارسازی، افشا، وحی، الهام
(noun) disclosure, telling Synonyms: adumbration, announcement, apocalypse, betrayal, blow by blow, break, broadcasting, clue, communication, cue, discovery, display, divination, divulgement, earful, exhibition, expose, exposition, exposure, eye-opener, flash, foreshadowing, inspiration, leak, lightning bolt, manifestation, news, oracle, proclamation, prophecy, publication, scoop, showing, sign, the latest, tip, uncovering, unearthing, unveiling, vision Antonyms: secret - the revelation of his identity - آشکارسازی هویت او - the revelation to the Jews assembled around Mount Sinai - وحی الهی به یهودیانی که در اطراف کوه سینا گرد آمده بودند
50
Q
contingency
A
احتمال، احتمال وقوع، چیزی که در آینده ممکن است رخ دهد، تصادفی، محتمل‌الوقوع
(noun) chance happening; possibility Synonyms: accident, break, chance, crisis, crossroads, emergency, event, eventuality, exigency, fortuity, happening, if it’s cool, incident, juncture, likelihood, occasion, odds, opportunity, pass, pinch, predicament, probability, strait, turning point, uncertainty, zero hour Antonyms: certainty, definiteness, reality, surety, truth - We are prepared for any contingency. - برای (مقابله با) هر گونه پیشامدی آماده‌ایم. - a reserve fund for contingencies - بودجه‌ی ذخیره برای رویدادهای پیش‌بینی نشده - the contingencies of war - هم رویدادهای (دوران) جنگ
51
Q
prolific
A
پرزا، حاصلخیز، بارور، نیرومند، پرکار، فراوان
(adjective) fruitful, productive Synonyms: abounding, abundant, bountiful, breeding, copious, creative, fecund, fertile, generating, generative, luxuriant, profuse, proliferant, rank, reproducing, reproductive, rich, spawning, swarming, teeming, yielding Antonyms: barren, fruitless, impotent, unfruitful, unproductive - Rabbits are prolific animals. - خرگوش جانور پر زاد و ولدی است. - a prolific writer - نویسنده‌ای با آثار متعدد - a forest that is prolific of pines - جنگلی که درخت کاج بسیار دارد - Iran is prolific of brave people! - ایران پر از اشخاص شجاع است!
52
Q
alacrity
A
چابکی، نشاط
(noun) liveliness; promptness Synonyms: alertness, avidity, briskness, cheerfulness, dispatch, eagerness, enthusiasm, expedition, fervor, gaiety, hilarity, joyousness, promptitude, quickness, readiness, speed, sprightliness, willingness, zeal Antonyms: apathy, aversion, disinclination, dullness, indifference, reluctance, slowness, unwillingness
- She opened the door with alacrity.
- با اشتیاق در را باز کرد.
53
Q
transcend
A
ورارفتن، برتری یافتن، سبقت جستن، بالاتر بودن
(verb) go beyond; surpass Synonyms: beat, best, be superior, better, eclipse, exceed, excel, go above, leave behind, leave in the dust, outdo, outrival, outshine, outstrip, outvie, overstep, overtop, rise above, top, transform Antonyms: fail, lose - to transcend material existence - فراسوی وجود مادی رفتن - a story that transcends belief - داستانی که باور‌کردنی نیست - a writer whose fame has transcended his father's - نویسنده‌ای که شهرت او از پدرش بیشتر شده است
54
Q
resonate
A
پیچیدن، طنین انداختن
تشدید کردن
(verb) resound Synonyms: echo, oscillate, reproduce, reverberate, ring, sound, vibrate
- The giant’s roars resonated in the cave.
- نعره‌های غول در غار طنین‌افکن شد.
55
Q
uncharacteristic
A
dictionary.com:
not typical or usual
56
Q
impetuous
A
بی‌پروا، تند و شدید
(adjective) acting without thinking Synonyms: abrupt, ardent, eager, fervid, fierce, furious, going off deep end, hasty, headlong, hurried, impassioned, impulsive, passionate, precipitant, precipitate, precipitous, rash, restive, rushing, spontaneous, spur-of-the-moment, subitaneous, sudden, swift, unbridled, unexpected, unplanned, unpremeditated, unreflecting, unrestrained, unthinking, vehement, violent Antonyms: calm, cautious, circumspect, considerate, reflective, sensible, thoughtful, wise - impetuous winds - بادهای شدید و متغیر - an impetuous young man - جوان هردمبیل
57
Q
disparate
A
ناجور، مختلف، نابرابر، نامساوی، غیرمتجانس
(adjective) at odds, different Synonyms: at variance, contrary, contrasting, discordant, discrepant, dissimilar, distant, distinct, divergent, diverse, far cry, incommensurate, incompatible, inconsistent, inconsonant, like night and day, poles apart, separate, unalike, unequal, unequivalent, uneven, unlike, unsimilar, various Antonyms: alike, equal, like, same, similar - The three sisters had three disparate personalities. - سه خواهر سه شخصیت کاملاً متفاوت داشتند. - such disparate amusements as fishing and painting - تفریحات کاملاً متفاوتی مانند ماهی‌گیری و نقاشی
58
Q
respite
A
مهلت، فرجه، امان، استراحت، تمدید مدت، رخصت، فرجه دادن
(noun) pause, suspension in activity Synonyms: acquittal, adjournment, break, breath, breather, breathing space, cessation, coffee break, deadlock, deferment, delay, deliverance, discharge, downtime, ease, exculpation, five, forgiveness, halt, hiatus, immunity, intermission, interregnum, interruption, interval, layoff, leisure, letup, lull, moratorium, pardon, postponement, protraction, recess, relaxation, release, relief, reprieve, rest, stay, stop, ten, time, time out, truce Antonyms: continuation - He was granted a respite. - اعدام او را عقب انداختند. - a short respite - یک تنفس (استراحت) کوتاه - work without respite - کار بدون وقفه
59
Q
rankle
A
مهلت، فرجه، امان، استراحت، تمدید مدت، رخصت، فرجه دادن
(noun) pause, suspension in activity Synonyms: acquittal, adjournment, break, breath, breather, breathing space, cessation, coffee break, deadlock, deferment, delay, deliverance, discharge, downtime, ease, exculpation, five, forgiveness, halt, hiatus, immunity, intermission, interregnum, interruption, interval, layoff, leisure, letup, lull, moratorium, pardon, postponement, protraction, recess, relaxation, release, relief, reprieve, rest, stay, stop, ten, time, time out, truce Antonyms: continuation - He was granted a respite. - اعدام او را عقب انداختند. - a short respite - یک تنفس (استراحت) کوتاه - work without respite - کار بدون وقفه
60
Q
acquiesce
A
تسلیم شدن، تن در دادن، راضی شدن، رضایت دادن، موافقت کردن، آرام کردن
(verb) agree with some reluctance Synonyms: accede, accept, accommodate, adapt, adjust, agree, allow, approve, bow to, buy, cave in, come across, come around, comply, concur, conform, consent, cry uncle, cut a deal, ditto, give in, give out, go along, jibe, okay, pass, play ball, reconcile, roll over and play dead, say uncle, set, shake on, submit, subscribe, yes, yield Antonyms: disagree, dissent, object, protest
- We didn’t acquiesce to their demand.
- به خواسته‌ی آن‌ها تن در ندادیم.
61
Q
remedy
A
گزیر، علاج، دارو، درمان، میزان، چاره، اصلاح کردن،جبران کردن، درمان کردن
(noun) cure, solution Synonyms: antidote, assistance, biologic, corrective, counteractant, counteraction, counteractive, counteragent, countermeasure, counterstep, cure-all, drug, elixir, fix, improvement, medicament, medicant, medicine, panacea, pharmaceutical, pharmacon, physic, pill, quick fix, redress, relief, restorative, support, therapy, treatment Antonyms: disease, injury, pain (verb) fix, cure Synonyms: aid, alleviate, ameliorate, amend, assuage, attend, change, clean up, clean up one’s act, control, correct, debug, doctor, ease, fiddle with, fix up, go over, heal, help, launder, make up for, mitigate, palliate, pick up, put right, recalibrate, rectify, redress, reform, relieve, renew, repair, restore, revise, right, scrub, set right, set to rights, shape up, solve, soothe, square, square up, straighten out, treat, upgrade Antonyms: get sick, harm, hurt, injure, worsen - the best remedy for constipation - بهترین علاج یبوست - a cold remedy - داروی سرماخوردگی - The government's remedy for discontent was jail and execution. - راه‌حل دولت در مقابل نارضایی زندان و اعدام بود. - the latest remedy for strengthening the country's economy - آخرین چاره برای تقویت اقتصاد کشور - Some cardiac insufficiencies cannot be remedied. - برخی از نارسایی‌های قلبی را نمی‌توان درمان کرد. - We need time to remedy our social ills. - برای اصلاح عیوب اجتماعی خود نیاز به زمان داریم.
62
Q
congruous
A
مناسب، سازگار، درخور، برازنده، متوافق، شایسته، هم‌ساز، هم‌نوا، موزون
(adjective) corresponding, suitable Synonyms: accordant, appropriate, apt, becoming, coincidental, compatible, concordant, congruent, consistent, consonant, correspondent, fit, fitting, harmonious, meet, proper, seemly, sympathetic Antonyms: disagreeing, incongruous, unfitting, unharmonious, unsuitable - a congruous room to work in - اتاقی مناسب برای کار کردن - the congruous sound of music - صدای هم‌نوای موسیقی
63
Q
gadfly
A
خرمگس، آدم مردم‌آزار، مزاحم
(noun) goad; nuisance Synonyms: annoyance, energizer, excitant, irritant, motivator, mover, pest, prod, spur, stimulator
64
Q
shrink
A
چروک شدن، جمع شدن، کوچک شدن، عقب کشیدن، آب رفتن (پارچه)، شانه خالی کردن از
(verb) become smaller Synonyms: compress, concentrate, condense, constrict, contract, decrease, deflate, diminish, drop off, dwindle, fail, fall off, fall short, grow smaller, lessen, narrow, reduce, shorten, shrivel, wane, waste, waste away, weaken, wither, wrinkle Antonyms: develop, enlarge, expand, grow, stretch (verb) recoil, shy away Synonyms: blench, boggle, contract, cower, cringe, crouch, demur, draw back, flinch, hang back, huddle, quail, recede, refuse, retire, retreat, scruple, shudder, slink, wince, withdraw Antonyms: face, meet, take on - If you wash these trousers; they will shrink. - اگر این شلوار را بشوری، آب خواهد رفت. - When one gets old one's body shrinks. - آدم که پیر شد، جثه‌اش کوچک می‌شود. - shrinking incomes - درآمدهای در حال نقصان - The company's sales have shrunken. - فروش شرکت کاهش یافته است. - He doesn't even shrink from hurting his own children. - او حتی از آزار دادن فرزندان خودش ابا ندارد.
65
Q
overwrought
A
پرکار، کار برده، تهیه شده از روی مهارت، عصبی
(adjective) exhausted and excited Synonyms: affected, agitated, all shook up, beside oneself, crazy, distracted, emotional, excitable, fired-up, flipped out, frantic, freaked-out, high, hot-and-bothered, hot under collar, hyper, in a state, keyed-up, nervous, neurotic, on edge, overexcited, overstrung, overworked, spent, steamed up, stirred, strung-out, tense, tired, uneasy, unstrung, uptight, weary, wired, worked-up, worn, wound-up Antonyms: calm, collected, cool, rested, unruffled
66
Q
purposeful
A
با مقصود، متضمن مقصود، با جهت، بااراده، باعزم
(adjective) resolved to do something Synonyms: bent, be out for blood, bound, calculated, dead set on, decided, deliberate, determined, firm, fixed, intense, intent, mean business, obstinate, persistent, playing hard ball, positive, purposive, resolute, settled, single-minded, stalwart, staunch, steadfast, steady, strong-willed, stubborn, telelogical, tenacious, undeviating, unfaltering, unwavering Antonyms: aimless, thoughtless, undetermined, unplanned, wanton - He was a purposeful man. - او مردی مصمم بود. - Shahin khanom's purposeful remarks - اظهارات معنی‌دار شهین‌خانم
67
Q
prognosis
A
پیش‌بینی مرض، بهبودی از مرض در اثر پیش‌بینی جریان مرض، پیش‌بینی، مال‌اندیشی
(noun) forecast Synonyms: cast, diagnosis, expectation, foretelling, guess, prediction, prevision, prognostication, projection, prophecy, speculation, surmise
- The prognosis is not good.
- پیش‌شناخت (این بیماری) امید‌بخش نیست.
68
Q
malleable
A
چکش‌خور، نرم و انعطاف‌پذیر
(adjective) pliable Synonyms: adaptable, compliant, ductile, flexible, governable, go-with-the-flow, impressionable, manageable, moldable, plastic, pliant, putty in hands, rolls with punches, soft, submissive, supple, tractable, tractile, transformable, workable, yielding Antonyms: firm, rigid, stiff
- the malleable character of youth
- سرشت شکل‌پذیر جوانی
69
Q
forgo
A
چشم پوشیدن از، صرف‌نظر کردن از، رها کردن
(verb) give up, do without Synonyms: abandon, abdicate, abjure, abstain, cede, desist, eschew, forbear, forsake, give in, go on the wagon, leave alone, leave out, pack in, pass, pass on, pass up, quit, refrain, relinquish, renounce, resign, resist, sacrifice, sit out, surrender, swear off, take the cure, take the oath, waive, yield Antonyms: continue, indulge, keep, use - Let us forgo formality! - بیایید تعارف را کنار بگذاریم! - She decided to forgo her vacation and stay by her uncle's bedside. - او تصمیم گرفت از تعطیلات خود صرف‌نظر کند و در کنار بستر عمویش بماند.
70
Q
encumber
A
سنگین کردن، اسباب زحمت شدن، دست و پای (کسی را) گرفتن، بازداشتن
(verb) bother, burden Synonyms: block, charge, clog, cramp, discommode, embarrass, hamper, handicap, hang up, hinder, hog-tie, hold up, impede, incommode, inconvenience, lade, load, make difficult, obstruct, oppress, overburden, overload, retard, saddle, saddle with, slow down, tax, trammel, weigh down, weight Antonyms: aid, assist, help - a man encumbered with a heavy load - مردی که بار سنگین دارد - hollow requirements that encumbered peace negotiators - الزامات پوچی که دست و پای مذاکره‌کنندگان صلح را بسته بود - a hallway that was encumbered by piles of furniture - راهرویی که انبوهی از اسباب خانه آن را بند آورده بود - encumbered by lack of funds - گرفتار کمبود پول - to encumber an estate with mortgages - ملکی را در گرو رهن گذاشتن
71
Q
barbarity
A
وحشیگری، بی‌رحمی، قساوت قلب
(noun) crudity, savagery Synonyms: boorishness, brutality, crudeness, cruelty, inhumanity, ruthlessness, savageness, viciousness, vulgarity Antonyms: kindness
- In that war, both sides were guilty of barbarity.
- در آن جنگ هر دو طرف دست به وحشیگری زدند.
72
Q
sanctimonious
A
مقدس‌نما، مقدس
(adjective) self-righteous Synonyms: bigoted, canting, deceiving, false, goody-goody, holier-than-thou, hypocritical, insincere, pharisaical, pietistic, pious, preachy, self-satisfied, smug, stuffy, unctuous Antonyms: humble, meek, modest
73
Q
repugnant
A
متناقض، مخالف، تنفرانگیز، زننده
(adjective) bad, obnoxious; hostile Synonyms: abhorrent, abominable, adverse, against, alien, antagonistic, antipathetic, averse, conflicting, contradictory, counter, creepy, different, disagreeable, disgusting, distasteful, extraneous, extrinsic, foreign, foul, hateful, horrid, incompatible, inconsistent, inconsonant, inimical, in opposition, invidious, loathsome, nasty, nauseating, noisome, objectionable, odious, offensive, opposed, opposite, repellent, revolting, revulsive, sickening, unconformable, unfitted, unfriendly, vile Antonyms: friendly, good, nice, pleasant - Slavery was utterly repugnant to him. - برای او بردگی کاملاً نفرت‌انگیز بود. - a repugnant odor - بوی بسیار زننده - actions which were repugnant to his words - اعمالی که با حرف‌های او متناقض بود - repugnant forces - نیروهای متخاصم
74
Q
pseudonym
A
اسم مستعار، تخلص
(noun) false name Synonyms: AKA, alias, ananym, anonym, assumed name, handle, incognito, nickname, nom de guerre, nom de plume, pen name, professional name, stage name, summer name Antonyms: name
75
Q
explicit
A
صریح، روشن، واضح، اشکار، صاف، ساده
(adjective) specific, unambiguous Synonyms: absolute, accurate, categorical, certain, clean-cut, clear, clear-cut, correct, definite, definitive, direct, distinct, exact, express, frank, lucid, obvious, on the nose, open, outspoken, patent, perspicuous, plain, positive, precise, stated, straightforward, sure, understandable, unequivocal, unqualified, unreserved Antonyms: ambiguous, confused, equivocal, implicit, indefinite, obscure, unspecific, vague - an officer's explicit orders to the soldier - دستورات صریح افسر به سربازان - Let's be explicit about our expectations. - بیا درباره‌ی توقعات خود شفاف باشیم.
76
Q
inexorable
A
(جریان، فشار) بی‌امان، بی‌وقفه، چاره‌ناپذیر، اجتناب‌ناپذیر، تغییر‌ناپذیر
(شخص) سخت، رام‌نشدنی، یکدنده
(adjective) cruel, pitiless Synonyms: adamant, adamantine, bound, bound and determined, compulsory, dead set on, dogged, hard, harsh, hell bent on, immobile, immovable, implacable, ineluctable, inescapable, inflexible, ironclad, like death and taxes, locked in, mean business, merciless, necessary, no going back, obdurate, obstinate, relentless, remorseless, resolute, rigid, set in stone, severe, single-minded, stubborn, unappeasable, unbending, uncompromising, unmovable, unrelenting, unyielding Antonyms: flexible, lenient, merciful, remorseful, yielding - an inexorable enemy - دشمن بی‌مروت - inexorable fate - سرنوشت تغییر‌ناپذیر
77
Q
dissemble
A
نیرنگ زدن، فریب دادن، پنهان کردن، وانمودکردن، بهانه کردن، نادیده گرفتن
(verb) disguise, pretend Synonyms: affect, camouflage, cloak, conceal, counterfeit, cover, cover up, dissimulate, doublespeak, double-talk, dress up, fake, falsify, feign, four-flush, hide, let on, make like, mask, pass, play possum, pussyfoot, put on a false front, put on a front, put on an act, put up a front, put up a smoke screen, sham, shroud, shuck and jive, signify, simulate, stonewall, whitewash Antonyms: admit, allow - to dissemble fear by smiling - با لبخند ترس خود را مخفی کردن - He was a naive child who gradually learned to dissemble. - او کودک ساده‌لوحی بود که کم‌کم فریب‌کاری آموخت. - to dissemble innocence - تظاهر به معصومیت کردن
78
Q
scintillating
A
جرقه‌زننده، بارقه‌دار
(adjective) bright, stimulating Synonyms: animated, brilliant, clever, dazzling, ebullient, exciting, flashing, gleaming, glimmering, glinting, glittering, lively, shining, smart, sparkling, sprightly, twinkling, witty Antonyms: blah, dull
79
Q
luminary
A
جسم روشن، جرم آسمانی، جرم نورافکن آاسمانی، آدم نورانی، پرفروغ، شخصیت تابناک
(noun) very important person Synonyms: big name, celeb, celebrity, dignitary, eminence, leader, lion, name, notability, notable, personage, personality, somebody, star, superstar, VIP, worthy
- a gathering of luminaries in the field of physics
- گردهمایی (همایش) چهره‌های درخشان در رشته‌ی فیزیک
80
Q
empower
A
صاحب اختیار و قدرت کردن، قدرت دادن، اختیار دادن، وکالت دادن
(verb) authorize, enable Synonyms: accredit, allow, capacitate, charge, commission, delegate, entitle, entrust, grant, invest, legitimize, license, okay, permit, privilege, qualify, sanction, vest, warrant Antonyms: disenfranchise, refuse, reject, revoke - The Congress is empowered to levy taxes. - کنگره(ی امریکا) اختیار مالیات بستن را دارد. - The emotion that empowers the artist to create a work of art. - احساساتی که هنرمند را قادر به خلق یک اثر هنری می‌کند.
81
Q
deference
A
تن‌دردهی، تسلیم، تمکین، احترام(گذاری)
(noun) obedience, compliance Synonyms: acquiescence, capitulation, complaisance, condescension, docility, obeisance, submission, yielding Antonyms: disobedience, impoliteness, noncompliance (noun) attention, homage Synonyms: acclaim, civility, consideration, courtesy, esteem, honor, obeisance, politeness, regard, respect, reverence, thoughtfulness, veneration Antonyms: dishonor, disregard, ignorance
- She treats her parents with deference.
- او نسبت به والدین خود با احترام رفتار می‌کند.
82
Q
lugubrious
A
محزون (به‌طور اغراق‌آمیز یا مضحک)، اندوهگین، غم‌انگیز، حزن‌انگیز، تعزیت‌آمیز
83
Q
denounce
A
علیه کسی اظهاری کردن، کسی یا چیزی را ننگین کردن، تقبیح کردن
(verb) condemn, attack Synonyms: accuse, adjudicate, arraign, blacklist, blame, boycott, brand, castigate, censure, charge, charge with, criticize, damn, declaim, decry, denunciate, derogate, dress down, excoriate, expose, finger, hang something on, impeach, implicate, impugn, incriminate, indict, inveigh against, knock, ostracize, proscribe, prosecute, rap, rat, rebuke, reprehend, reprimand, reproach, reprobate, reprove, revile, scold, show up, skin, smear, stigmatize, take to task, threaten, upbraid, vilify, vituperate Antonyms: approve, commend, compliment, praise - The UN denounced their agression. - سازمان ملل تعرض آن‌ها را محکوم کرد. - She strongly denounced the government's policies. - او به شدت سیاستهای دولت را تقبیح کرد. - to denounce an accomplice in crime - شریک جرم خود را لو دادن
84
Q
parochial
A
بلوکی، بخشی، ناحیه ای، محدود، کوته نظر
(adjective) narrow-minded, restricted Synonyms: biased, bigoted, conservative, conventional, insular, inward-looking, limited, local, narrow, petty, prejudiced, provincial, regional, sectarian, sectional, shallow, small-minded, small-town Antonyms: broad, liberal, unrestricted - a parochial church - کلیسای محل - a parochial view of the world - بینش کوته‌فکرانه‌ای درباره‌ی جهان
85
Q
lament
A
تأسف خوردن، زاریدن، سوگواری کردن، سوگواری، ضجه‌وزاری کردن
(verb) to mourn or grieve deeply Synonyms: bawl, beat one’s breast, bemoan, bewail, bleed, cry, deplore, eat one’s heart out, howl, hurt, kick self, moan, rain, regret, repine, rue, sing, sob, sorrow, take it hard, wail, weep Antonyms: celebrate, compliment, laud, praise (noun) grief, complaint Synonyms: complaining, dirge, elegy, grieving, jeremiad, keen, keening, lament, moan, moaning, mourning, plaint, requiem, sob, sobbing, sorrow, tears, threnody, ululation, wail, wailing, weeping Antonyms: celebration, enjoyment, praise - They lamented the death of their leader. - آنان برای مرگ رهبر خود را سوگواری کردند. - The women lamented loudly. - زن‌ها با صدای بلند گریه و زاری می‌کردند. - They lamented the bad conditions in the schools. - آنان به وضع بد مدارس افسوس می‌خوردند. - He is always lamenting the lack of freedom. - او همیشه از فقدان آزادی می‌نالد. - the nightingale's lament upon the arrival of winter - مویه‌ی بلبل به‌دلیل فرا رسیدن زمستان - a funeral lament - نوحه‌ی مجلس ختم
86
Q
primitive
A
پیشین، قدیم، بدوی، انسان اولیه
(adjective) ancient, original Synonyms: archaic, basic, earliest, early, elementary, essential, first, fundamental, old, primal, primary, primeval, primordial, pristine, substratal, underivative, underived, underlying, undeveloped, unevolved Antonyms: current, modern, new, present (adjective) barbaric, crude Synonyms: animal, atavistic, austere, barbarian, barbarous, brutish, childlike, fierce, ignorant, naive, natural, nonliterate, preliterate, raw, rough, rude, rudimentary, savage, simple, uncivilized, uncultivated, uncultured, underdeveloped, undeveloped, undomesticated, unlearned, unrefined, unsophisticated, untamed, untaught, untrained, untutored, vestigial, wild Antonyms: cultured, modern, sophisticated - primitive Germanic - زبان آلمانی آغازین - primitive art - هنر انسان‌های اولیه (نخستینی) - primitive men - انسان‌های آغازین - primitive weapons - جنگ‌افزارهای ساده - teaching atomic physics to a bunch of primitves - آموختن فیزیک اتمی به یک دسته انسان بی‌تمدن - primitive function - تابع اولیه
87
Q
hamper
A
از کار بازداشتن، مانع شدن، مختل کردن، قید
(noun) basket for storage Synonyms: bassinet, carton, crate, creel, laundry basket, pannier (verb) impede, restrict Synonyms: baffle, balk, bar, bind, block, check, clog, cramp, cramp one’s style, cumber, curb, drag one’s feet, embarrass, encumber, entangle, fetter, foil, frustrate, get in the way, hamstring, handicap, hang up, hinder, hobble, hog-tie, hold up, inconvenience, inhibit, interfere with, leash, obstruct, prevent, restrain, retard, shackle, slow down, stymie, thwart, tie, tie one’s hands, tie up, trammel Antonyms: aid, allow, assist, encourage, expedite, help, permit, promote - Backache hampered his movements. - کمردرد حرکت کردن را برایش سخت کرده بود. - She is not hampered by criticism. - انتقاد برایش مهم نیست، انتقاد مانعش نیست.
88
Q
distill
A
تقطیرشدن، عرق گرفتن از، چکاندن
(verb) make pure; draw out something Synonyms: boil down, brew, clarify, concentrate, condense, cook, cut, cut down, cut to the bone, dribble, drip, drop, evaporate, express, extract, ferment, get to the meat, infuse, precipitate, press, press out, purify, rarefy, rectify, refine, squeeze out, steam, sublimate, trickle, trim, vaporize, volatilize Antonyms: dirty, pollute
89
Q
imitate
A
نوای کسی را در آوردن، تقلید کردن، پیروی کردن، کپیه کردن
(verb) pretend to be; do an impression of Synonyms: act like, affect, ape, assume, be like, borrow, burlesque, carbon, caricature, clone, copy, counterfeit, ditto, do like, do likewise, duplicate, echo, emulate, falsify, feign, follow, follow in footsteps, follow suit, forge, impersonate, look like, match, mime, mimic, mirror, mock, model after, parallel, parody, pattern after, personate, play a part, pretend, put on, reduplicate, reflect, repeat, replicate, reproduce, resemble, send up, sham, simulate, spoof, take off, travesty, Xerox Antonyms: be original, clash, differ, oppose, reverse - He imitates his father. - او به پدرش اقتدا می‌کند. - He tried to imitate the saint. - او کوشید مقدسان را سرمشق قرار دهد. - Art imitates life. - هنر تقلیدی است از زندگی. - As I was imitating the teacher he entered the classroom! - داشتم ادای معلم را در می‌آوردم که وارد کلاس شد! - paper made to imitate leather - کاغذی که ظاهرش مثل چرم است - Glass handcrafted so as to imitate diamonds. - شیشه‌ی ساخته‌شده با دست به گونه‌ای که شبیه الماس باشد.
90
Q
encyclopedic
A
جامع، دایرةالمعارفی
(adjective) comprehensive Synonyms: all-embracing, all-encompassing, all-inclusive, broad, catholic, complete, discursive, exhaustive, extensive, general, thorough, thorough-going, universal, vast, wide-ranging, widespread Antonyms: brief, incomplete, summary, uncomprehensive
91
Q
euphemism
A
حسن تعبیر، استعمال کلمه نیکو و مطلوبی برای موضوع یا کلمه نامطلوبی
(noun) nice way of saying something Synonyms: circumlocution, delicacy, floridness, grandiloquence, inflation, pomposity, pretense, purism
92
Q
nondescript
A
غیرقابل طبقه‌بندی، وصف‌ناپذیر، نامعین
(adjective) undistinguished, commonplace Synonyms: characterless, colorless, common, dull, empty, featureless, garden, indescribable, indeterminate, mousy, ordinary, unclassifiable, unclassified, unexceptional, uninspiring, uninteresting, unmemorable, unremarkable, vague Antonyms: describable, different, distinguished, illustrative, remarkable, superior, uncommon - a row of nondescript houses - یک ردیف خانه‌ی عاری از ویژگی - his nondescript clothes and battered hat - لباس‌های بنجل و کلاه قراضه‌ی او - a few gamblers and thieves and a few more nondescripts - عده‌ای قمارباز و دزد و تعداد بیشتری سیاهی لشگر
93
Q
adverse
A
مخالف، مغایر، ناسازگار، مضر، روبه‌رو
(adjective) unfavorable, antagonistic Synonyms: allergic to, conflicting, contrary, detrimental, disadvantageous, down on, down side, have no use for, inimical, injurious, inopportune, negative, opposed, opposing, opposite, oppugning, ornery, reluctant, repugnant, stuffy, unfortunate, unfriendly, unlucky, unpropitious, unwilling Antonyms: advantageous, aiding, auspicious, favorable, fortunate, helpful, lucky, propitious - due to adverse weather conditions... - به واسطه‌ی شرایط جوی نامساعد... - It will have an adverse effect on the country's economy. - بر اقتصاد کشور اثر نامطلوبی خواهد داشت. - the adverse effects of a drought - اثرات بد خشکسالی - adverse wind - باد مخالف
94
Q
enduring
A
پایا، دیرپا، ماندنی، پایدار، بادوام، جاودان، پاینده، ماندنی
(adjective) lasting Synonyms: abiding, surviving, permanent
- The enduring bonds of friendship between our two nations.
- رشته‌های دوستی پایدار که دو ملت ما را پیوند می‌دهد.
95
Q
enliven
A
زندگی بخشیدن، حیات بخشیدن، جان دادن، نیرودادن، روح بخشیدن، روح دادن
(verb) inspire, vitalize Synonyms: animate, brace up, brighten, buck up, buoy, cheer, cheer up, divert, entertain, excite, exhilarate, fire, fire up, galvanize, give a lift, give life to, gladden, hearten, inspirit, invigorate, jazz up, juice up, let sunshine in, pep up, perk up, pick up, put pep into, quicken, recreate, refresh, rejuvenate, renew, restore, rouse, snap out of it, spark, spice, spice up, stimulate, vivificate, vivify, wake up, work up, zap Antonyms: bore, dull, enervate, exhaust, fatigue, subdue, tire
- David’s jokes enlivened the party.
- شوخی‌های دیوید مجلس را گرم کرد.
96
Q
dubious
A
مورد‌شک، مشکوک، شک‌برانگیز
(adjective) doubtful Synonyms: arguable, chancy, debatable, diffident, disputable, dubitable, equivocal, far-fetched, fishy, fly-by-night, hesitant, iffy, improbable, indecisive, moot, mootable, open, perplexed, problematic, questionable, reluctant, shady, skeptical, suspect, suspicious, touch and go, trustless, unassured, uncertain, unclear, unconvinced, undecided, undependable, unlikely, unreliable, unsure, untrustworthy, untrusty, wavering Antonyms: certain, definite, doubtless, positive, reliable, sure, trustworthy, trusty, undoubtful (adjective) vague, unclear Synonyms: ambiguous, debatable, disinclined, doubtful, equivocal, indefinite, indeterminate, mistrustful, obscure, open, problematic, problematical, undecided, unsettled Antonyms: certain, clear, definite, unambiguous, unobscure - a dubious remark - اظهار شک‌برانگیز - I am dubious about his sincerity. - نسبت به خلوص نیت او شک دارم. - a dubious personality - شخصیت مشکوک - men of dubious patriotism - مردانی که میهن‌دوستی آن‌ها مورد شک است - a dubious battle - نبردی که سرنوشت آن نامعلوم است - a dubious outcome - پیامد نامعلوم
97
Q
churlish
A
بی‌تربیت، بی‌ادب، بی‌نزاکت،بی‌کِلاس، زمخت، بد‌اخلاق، بدخُلق
(adjective) crude, boorish Synonyms: base, blunt, brusque, cantankerous, cloddish, clodhopping, crabbed, crude, crusty, curt, cussed, discourteous, dour, grouchy, gruff, grumpy, harsh, ill-tempered, impolite, loutish, lowbred, mean, miserly, morose, oafish, ornery, rude, rustic, snippy, sullen, surly, touchy, ugly, uncivil, uncivilized, uncultured, unmannerly, unneighborly, unpolished, unsociable, vulgar Antonyms: gentle, nice, pleasant, polite
- He acted very churlishly at the dinner table.
- سر میز شام خیلی بی‌کِلاس بازی درآورد.
98
Q
outlandish
A
بیگانه‌وار، عجیب‌و‌غریب
(adjective) bizarre, strange Synonyms: alien, awkward, barbaric, barbarous, boorish, clumsy, curious, droll, eccentric, erratic, exotic, extravagant, fantastic, far-out, foreign, freakish, gauche, graceless, grotesque, kinky, odd, outrageous, outré, peculiar, preposterous, quaint, queer, ridiculous, rude, singular, tasteless, ultra, unconventional, uncouth, unheard-of, unorthodox, unusual, weird, whimsical, wild Antonyms: common, familiar, normal, ordinary, usual
- He always wears outlandish clothes.
- او همیشه لباس‌های عجیب و غریبی می‌پوشد.
99
Q
serendipitous
A
